Energy Efficiency and Conservation
Level 2: Intermediate
Let's go!
Module 1 - Introduction
Building on the foundational knowledge from Level 1, this course delves deeper into energy efficiency and conservation strategies for households, businesses, and communities. Understanding how to optimize energy use, reduce waste, and implement sustainable solutions is key to lowering costs and minimizing environmental impact. At this level, you will explore advanced techniques for improving energy performance, including smart technologies, insulation improvements, and renewable energy integration. By applying these principles, you can make informed decisions that lead to long-term savings, enhanced comfort, and a reduced carbon footprint.
Start Course
Energy Efficiency and Conservation Level 2: Intermediate
Objectives
Modules
Exercises
Evaluation
Modules
Module 2 Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs) in the EU
Module 3 Small and Medium Investments
Module 1 Introduction to the Objectives
Module 4 Large Investments
Module 5 Practical Tips
Module 6 Conclusion
Module 1 - Introduction
Objectives
By the end of this E-lit Adults educational course level, you will be able to:
- Understand the Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) system and its role in assessing building energy efficiency.
- Identify small, medium, and large-scale energy efficiency investments and their cost-saving potential.
- Implement practical energy-saving strategies for electricity, heating, hot water, and insulation.
Module 2 - Energy Performance Certificates in the EU
What Are Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs)?
EPCs serve as an energy label for buildings, rating their efficiency on a scale from A (most efficient) to G (least efficient). The certificates provide:
- Information on energy consumption and potential energy savings.
- Recommendations for improving efficiency through renovations and retrofits.
- A legal requirement when selling or renting a property.
The revised EPBD (EU/2024/1275) aims to improve EPC comparability across Member States, enhance reliability, and ensure digitalization for easier access.
Key Features of EPCs
- EPCs are required for real estate transactions and major renovations.
- All EU countries must adopt a common EPC scale.
- EPCs guide property owners toward subsidies and grants for energy-efficient upgrades.
- Many EU countries maintain EPC registers for transparency.
Module 2 - Energy Performance Certificates in the EU
Energy Performance Classes
EPCs categorize buildings into energy performance classes, ranging from A (most efficient) to G (least efficient). These classifications help homeowners, buyers, and tenants assess a building's energy consumption and identify potential improvements.
EPC Rating Scale
The energy class is typically determined based on:
- Primary energy consumption (kWh/m² per year).
- CO₂ emissions associated with energy use.
- Heating, cooling, and ventilation efficiency.
Module 2 - Energy Performance Certificates in the EU
Module 2 - Energy Performance Certificates in the EU
EPC Implementation Across EU Countries
Each EU country implements Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs) according to national policies, building stock characteristics, and climate conditions. While the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) establishes a common framework, the specific application, requirements, and enforcement of EPCs vary across member states. These differences include minimum energy class requirements, certification procedures, renovation incentives, and penalties for non-compliance. Further we provide an overview of how EPC policies are implemented in Lithuania, Greece, Italy, Bulgaria, and Austria, focusing on their regulatory frameworks, mandatory requirements, and national strategies for improving building energy performance.
Module 2 - Energy Performance Certificates in the EU
Key Features:
- EPCs are required for all property sales and rentals.
- Buildings must reach a minimum energy class C for new constructions.
- A digital EPC registry is maintained for transparency.
- Financial incentives for energy-efficient retrofits are available through EU structural funds.
Challenges:
- High initial costs of renovations discourage compliance.
- Limited public awareness about EPC benefits.
Lithuania
Regulatory Body: Ministry of Environment EPC Scale: A++ (best) to G (worst)
Module 2 - Energy Performance Certificates in the EU
Key Features:
- Mandatory EPCs for sales, rentals, and renovations.
- Online national registry for EPC data.
- Government program "Exoikonomo-Aftonomo" offers subsidies for home energy upgrades.
Challenges:
- Many older buildings are in energy class E-G, requiring deep retrofits.
- Bureaucratic delays in processing EPCs.
Greece
Regulatory Body: Ministry of Environment and Energy EPC Scale: A+ to G
Module 2 - Energy Performance Certificates in the EU
Key Features:
- Stricter EPC regulations for public buildings.
- Tax deductions (Superbonus 110%) for energy renovations.
- Regional variations in EPC enforcement.
Challenges:
- Fraudulent EPC certifications remain a concern.
- Complexity in accessing government incentives.
Italy
Regulatory Body: Agenzia Nazionale Efficienza Energetica (ENEA) EPC Scale: A4 to G
Module 2 - Energy Performance Certificates in the EU
Key Features:
- Required for new constructions and major renovations.
- EU-funded programs provide financial aid for energy-efficient refurbishments.
- Priority for public and residential multi-apartment buildings.
Challenges:
- Limited enforcement, especially in rural areas.
- Lack of trained EPC assessors.
Bulgaria
Regulatory Body: Sustainable Energy Development Agency (SEDA) EPC Scale: A to G
Module 2 - Energy Performance Certificates in the EU
Key Features:
- Strong focus on nearly zero-energy buildings (NZEB).
- EPCs integrate climate and emissions data.
- Regional energy efficiency programs support renovations.
Challenges:
- Differences in EPC application across Austria’s federal states.
- High compliance costs for property owners.
Austria
Regulatory Body: Austrian Energy Agency EPC Scale: A++ to G
Module 3 - Small and Medium Investments
These simple yet effective solutions help reduce unnecessary energy waste, lower electricity bills, and enhance comfort in homes and workplaces. By making informed choices about everyday energy use, individuals can contribute to a more sustainable future while also seeing tangible financial returns in the short to medium term.
Energy efficiency improvements don’t always require large-scale investments. Small and medium investments, such as turning off or upgrading standby appliances, installing draftproofing materials, and using energy-efficient lighting, can lead to significant cost savings and environmental benefits.
According to the European Commission, improving energy efficiency in buildings and appliances can reduce household energy consumption by up to 30%, leading to significant cost savings and lower carbon emissions. (Source: European Commission, Energy Efficiency Report 2023)
Module 3 - Small and Medium investments
• Standby appliances
• Draftproofing, reflective foils
• Energy efficient lighting
• Energy efficient appliances
• Water-saving devices
Average annual cost calculation: 367.92 kWh × €0.30/kWh* = €110.38*should be adjusted to the specific electricity cost in your country
Module 3 - Small and Medium investments
• Standby appliances
• Draftproofing, reflective foils
• Energy efficient lighting • Energy efficient appliances • Water-saving devices
3 radiators 20€ investment, Payback period of 1 year Up to 15 years lifespan if installed properly and not damaged
3-4 windows,
20€ investment,
Payback period of 1 year 5-10 years lifespan, depending on material quality and wear
Module 3 - Small and Medium investments
• Standby appliances
• Draftproofing, reflective foils
• Energy efficient lighting • Energy efficient appliances • Water-saving devices
2 LED bulbs,
14€ investment,
Payback period of 7 months 10-15 years lifespan, depending on usage
Module 3 - Small and Medium investments
• Standby appliances
• Draftproofing, reflective foils
• Energy efficient lighting • Energy efficient appliances • Water-saving devices
The rescaled A-G classification, introduced in 2021, ensures that only the most energy-efficient appliances receive the highest ratings, encouraging manufacturers to innovate and improve efficiency. Additionally, the labels include QR codes linking to a product database, allowing consumers to compare models and make more cost-effective decisions, ultimately leading to long-term energy savings and lower utility bills.
Module 3 - Small and Medium investments
• Standby appliances
• Draftproofing, reflective foils
• Energy efficient lighting • Energy efficient appliances • Water-saving devices
The device in the image is a water-saving aerator or tap aerator. It is a small attachment that fits onto the end of a faucet to reduce water flow while maintaining strong water pressure. By mixing air with water, it helps lower water consumption—in this case, potentially saving 10 cubic meters (m³) of water compared to a standard tap. These devices are commonly used to improve efficiency and sustainability in households and commercial settings.
Module 4 – Large Investments
Energy efficiency improvements can go beyond small upgrades to large-scale investments that provide long-term savings and sustainability benefits. These include major home retrofits, renewable energy systems, and advanced energy storage solutions. While the upfront costs are higher, these investments significantly reduce energy bills, increase property value, and enhance energy independence.
Module 4 – Large Investments
3. Geothermal Heating Systems
1. Solar Panels
- Renewable Energy Systems
- Deep Energy Retrofits
- Energy Storage Solutions
- Investment: €5,000–€15,000
- Payback period: 5–10 years
- Lifespan: 25–30 years
- Investment: €15,000–€30,000
- Payback period: 10–15 years
- Lifespan: 50+ years
2. Wind Turbines
- Investment: €10,000–€50,000
- Payback period: 10–20 years
- Lifespan: 20–25 years
Module 4 – Large Investments
This video explores geothermal vs. air source heat pumps, focusing on efficiency, costs, and long-term savings. Matt Ferrell documents his geothermal installation, highlighting its higher upfront cost but superior efficiency and lower operating expenses. He discusses tax credits, installation options, and additional features like desuperheaters and energy recovery ventilators (ERVs). While expensive initially, geothermal offers long-term savings and durability, making it a strong option for net-zero energy homes.
Module 4 – Large Investments
3. HVAC System Replacement (Heat Pumps, Smart Ventilation, Efficient Boilers)
1. Full Insulation Upgrade (Walls, Roof, and Floors)
- Renewable Energy Systems
- Deep Energy Retrofits
- Energy Storage Solutions
- Investment: €5,000–€20,000
- Payback period: 8–15 years
- Lifespan: 30–50 years
- Investment: €5,000–€15,000
- Payback period: 5–12 years
- Lifespan: 15–25 years
2. Triple-Glazed Windows
- Investment: €500–€1,500 per window
- Payback period: 10–20 years
- Lifespan: 25+ years
Module 4 – Large Investments
This video provides a comprehensive breakdown of HVAC systems, explaining their components, functionality, and processes for heating, cooling, and air circulation in homes. It covers how HVAC systems heat and cool air efficiently and distribute it throughout the house. Designed for homeowners, the video equips viewers with essential knowledge to make informed decisions about installing or upgrading their HVAC systems.
Module 4 – Large Investments
1. Battery Storage for Solar Energy (e.g., Tesla Powerwall, LG Chem, Sonnen)
- Renewable Energy Systems
- Deep Energy Retrofits
- Energy Storage Solutions
- Investment: €5,000–€10,000
- Payback period: 6–12 years
- Lifespan: 10–15 years
2. Smart Grid Integration
- Investment: €1,000–€5,000
- Payback period: 5–10 years
- Lifespan: 10+ years
Module 5 - Practical Tips
Heating
Electricity
Sanitary hot water
Insulation and building envelope
In the next section we provide practical tips from most energy efficient to least. Even though all of them contribute to developing more energy efficient habits and cuts energy costs.
Module 5 - Practical Tips
Heating
- Lower thermostat by 1°C → Save up to 10% on heating bills.
- Seal windows, doors, and insulate walls, roofs, and floors.
- Install a smart thermostat and program schedules.
- Use air-source or geothermal heat pumps.
- Heat only the rooms in use and keep doors closed.
- Open curtains on sunny days, close at night.
- Maintain boilers, clean filters, and consider upgrades.
- Look for grants or rebates for system upgrades (long-term impact, but it depends on eligibility and access to grants.)
- Set heaters and water heaters to charge at night.
- Bleed radiators, use reflective panels, and keep them unblocked.
Module 5 - Practical Tips
Electricity
- Look for appliances with an A energy rating to significantly reduce electricity consumption over time.
- LED bulbs use up to 90% less energy than traditional bulbs and last significantly longer.
- Unplug electronics or use smart plugs to cut off power completely when not in use.
- Plug multiple devices into a power strip with an off switch to easily disconnect them when not in use.
- Avoid using tumble dryers and air-dry clothes whenever possible to save electricity.
- Opt for microwaves, air fryers, or induction cooktops instead of traditional ovens for quicker, more energy-efficient cooking.
- Take advantage of lower electricity rates during off-peak hours for electric thermal storage heaters, water heaters, and high-energy appliances like dishwashers or washing machines.
- Regular maintenance of HVAC systems, refrigerators, and washing machines ensures they run efficiently and consume less power.
Module 5 - Practical Tips
Sanitary hot water
- Opt for a heat pump water heater – more efficient than traditional electric or gas models.
- Set water temperature at 50–55°C to prevent overheating and energy waste.
- Prevent heat loss by wrapping pipes, especially in unheated spaces.
- Utilize solar energy to preheat water, cutting electricity or gas use.
- Install water-saving showerheads and faucets to reduce hot water consumption.
- Reducing shower time by a few minutes saves both water and energy.
- Heat water during cheaper night tariffs if using an electric water heater.
- Wash clothes at lower temperatures – 30–40°C is often enough for effective cleaning.
- Dishwashers and washing machines should be fully loaded to maximize efficiency.
- A dripping tap wastes liters of hot water daily, increasing costs.
Module 5 - Practical Tips
Insulation and building envelope
- Improve roof and attic insulation to prevent up to 25% heat loss and reduce heating needs.
- Insulate walls properly using cavity wall insulation or external insulation for better thermal performance.
- Upgrade windows and doors by installing double or triple glazing to minimize heat exchange.
- Seal air leaks by using weatherstripping and caulk to close gaps around doors, windows, and vents.
- Use thermal curtains or blinds to retain indoor heat in winter and keep out excess heat in summer.
- Optimize ventilation without heat loss by installing heat recovery ventilation (HRV) systems.
- Insulate floors to prevent heat from escaping through uninsulated floors, especially in basements.
- Place reflective foils behind radiators to direct heat into the room rather than being absorbed by the walls.
- Choose high-performance building materials such as aerated concrete, SIP panels, or insulated concrete forms (ICFs) to improve thermal resistance.
- Design buildings with airtight structures, thermal bridge reduction, and high-performance insulation to achieve maximum energy savings.
*High impact but only practical during major renovations or new builds.
Module 6 - Conclusion
Conclusion
You have learned how standby appliances, efficient lighting, insulation, and renewable energy systems contribute to long-term savings and sustainability. Additionally, the course provided insights into optimizing heating, hot water use, and building envelopes to enhance energy performance. With this knowledge, you can apply energy-efficient practices in daily life and advocate for smarter energy choices, leading to both economic and environmental benefits. Keep exploring ways to implement these strategies and contribute to a more sustainable future!
Throughout this E-lit Adults Level 2 course, you have explored essential strategies to improve energy efficiency in buildings, reduce energy waste, and lower costs. By understanding Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs), small and large-scale energy investments, and practical energy-saving measures, you are now equipped to make informed decisions about energy use in homes and workplaces.
Exercises
Discussion
- How do Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs) influence building renovations and energy efficiency improvements?
- Which practical energy-saving strategies from this course would you implement first in your own home or workplace, and why?
- How can renewable energy solutions, such as solar panels or geothermal heating, contribute to energy independence and sustainability?
- What are the biggest challenges individuals or businesses face when adopting energy-efficient technologies, and how can they be addressed?
Evaluation
Evaluation Quiz
1. This quiz consists of 7 multiple-choice questions related to energy sources, environmental impact, and energy transition.
2. Choose the correct answer for each question (only one per question).
3. The quiz helps reinforce key concepts covered in the course.
Evaluation 1/7
Evaluation 2/7
Evaluation 3/7
Evaluation 4/7
Evaluation 5/7
Evaluation 6/7
Evaluation 7/7
Certificate
Congratulations!
Certificate of Completion
To receive an Open Badge for this course, please contact the local project partner: Kaunas University of Technology.
Month, 2X
Sources
1. European Commission. (2023). Energy Efficiency Report 2023. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu 2. International Energy Agency (IEA). (2022). Energy Efficiency 2022: Analysis and Key Findings. OECD Publishing. 3. European Union Directive 2018/844. (2018). Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD). Official Journal of the European Union. 4. U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). (2021). Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy: Best Practices for Building Efficiency. Washington, D.C. 5. Carbon Trust. (2021). Guide to Energy Efficiency in Buildings: Improving Insulation, Heating, and Renewable Integration. Carbon Trust Publications. 6. International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). (2022). Renewable Energy Policies for the Energy Transition. Retrieved from https://www.irena.org 7. European Environment Agency (EEA). (2021). Trends and Projections in Europe 2021: Tracking Progress Towards Climate and Energy Targets. Retrieved from https://www.eea.europa.eu
Sources
8. ASHRAE. (2020). Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings (ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-2020). 9. Institute for Market Transformation (IMT). (2022). Building Energy Performance Standards: Strategies for Implementation. 10. McKinsey & Company. (2021). Net-Zero Buildings: Pathways to Decarbonization and Energy Efficiency. Retrieved from https://www.mckinsey.com Images: Amazon. (n.d.). [Image of product]. Retrieved from https://images-eu.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/I/51Ikz1u93dL.AC_UL210_SR210,210.jpg Which?. (n.d.). Draught proofing illustration [Image]. Retrieved from https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/prod-media-which/prod/images/400_260/gm-748e1b5f-d5ff-4b57-8012-e41cff84feb2-draughtproofing1-450345.jpg Amazon. (n.d.). [Image of product] [Image]. Retrieved from https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/61Rh2+RDGIL.AC_UF894,1000_QL80.jpg
Sources
Dreamstime. (n.d.). Geothermal heating and cooling system illustration [Image]. Retrieved from https://thumbs.dreamstime.com/b/geothermal-heating-cooling-system-linear-sustainable-buildings-conditioning-geothermal-heating-cooling-system-linear-277818733.jpg Everest. (n.d.). Triple glazing disadvantages [Image]. Retrieved from https://www.everest.co.uk/4ae61a/globalassets/everest/windows/triple-glazed-windows/advantages-and-disadvantages/triple-glazing-disadvantages-min.jpg Bobex. (n.d.). Heat pump efficiency diagram [Image]. Retrieved from https://www.bobex.be/wp-uploads/sites/2/rendement-pompe-a-chaleur-150x150.jpg YouTube. (n.d.). Screenshot from video: "7b3iz5Bs49U" [Image]. Retrieved from https://i.ytimg.com/vi/7b3iz5Bs49U/hqdefault.jpg CHOICE. (n.d.). Battery storage buying guide [Image]. Retrieved from https://www.choice.com.au/home-improvement/energy-saving/solar/buying-guides/battery-storage-buying-guide
Course completed!
Funded by the European Union. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the National Agency. Neither the European Union nor National Agency can be held responsible for them.
2.2 Energy Efficiency and Coservation - Level 2
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Transcript
Energy Efficiency and Conservation
Level 2: Intermediate
Let's go!
Module 1 - Introduction
Building on the foundational knowledge from Level 1, this course delves deeper into energy efficiency and conservation strategies for households, businesses, and communities. Understanding how to optimize energy use, reduce waste, and implement sustainable solutions is key to lowering costs and minimizing environmental impact. At this level, you will explore advanced techniques for improving energy performance, including smart technologies, insulation improvements, and renewable energy integration. By applying these principles, you can make informed decisions that lead to long-term savings, enhanced comfort, and a reduced carbon footprint.
Start Course
Energy Efficiency and Conservation Level 2: Intermediate
Objectives
Modules
Exercises
Evaluation
Modules
Module 2 Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs) in the EU
Module 3 Small and Medium Investments
Module 1 Introduction to the Objectives
Module 4 Large Investments
Module 5 Practical Tips
Module 6 Conclusion
Module 1 - Introduction
Objectives
By the end of this E-lit Adults educational course level, you will be able to:
Module 2 - Energy Performance Certificates in the EU
What Are Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs)?
EPCs serve as an energy label for buildings, rating their efficiency on a scale from A (most efficient) to G (least efficient). The certificates provide:
- Information on energy consumption and potential energy savings.
- Recommendations for improving efficiency through renovations and retrofits.
- A legal requirement when selling or renting a property.
The revised EPBD (EU/2024/1275) aims to improve EPC comparability across Member States, enhance reliability, and ensure digitalization for easier access.Key Features of EPCs
Module 2 - Energy Performance Certificates in the EU
Energy Performance Classes
EPCs categorize buildings into energy performance classes, ranging from A (most efficient) to G (least efficient). These classifications help homeowners, buyers, and tenants assess a building's energy consumption and identify potential improvements.
EPC Rating Scale
The energy class is typically determined based on:
Module 2 - Energy Performance Certificates in the EU
Module 2 - Energy Performance Certificates in the EU
EPC Implementation Across EU Countries
Each EU country implements Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs) according to national policies, building stock characteristics, and climate conditions. While the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) establishes a common framework, the specific application, requirements, and enforcement of EPCs vary across member states. These differences include minimum energy class requirements, certification procedures, renovation incentives, and penalties for non-compliance. Further we provide an overview of how EPC policies are implemented in Lithuania, Greece, Italy, Bulgaria, and Austria, focusing on their regulatory frameworks, mandatory requirements, and national strategies for improving building energy performance.
Module 2 - Energy Performance Certificates in the EU
Key Features:
- EPCs are required for all property sales and rentals.
- Buildings must reach a minimum energy class C for new constructions.
- A digital EPC registry is maintained for transparency.
- Financial incentives for energy-efficient retrofits are available through EU structural funds.
Challenges:Lithuania
Regulatory Body: Ministry of Environment EPC Scale: A++ (best) to G (worst)
Module 2 - Energy Performance Certificates in the EU
Key Features:
- Mandatory EPCs for sales, rentals, and renovations.
- Online national registry for EPC data.
- Government program "Exoikonomo-Aftonomo" offers subsidies for home energy upgrades.
Challenges:Greece
Regulatory Body: Ministry of Environment and Energy EPC Scale: A+ to G
Module 2 - Energy Performance Certificates in the EU
Key Features:
- Stricter EPC regulations for public buildings.
- Tax deductions (Superbonus 110%) for energy renovations.
- Regional variations in EPC enforcement.
Challenges:Italy
Regulatory Body: Agenzia Nazionale Efficienza Energetica (ENEA) EPC Scale: A4 to G
Module 2 - Energy Performance Certificates in the EU
Key Features:
- Required for new constructions and major renovations.
- EU-funded programs provide financial aid for energy-efficient refurbishments.
- Priority for public and residential multi-apartment buildings.
Challenges:Bulgaria
Regulatory Body: Sustainable Energy Development Agency (SEDA) EPC Scale: A to G
Module 2 - Energy Performance Certificates in the EU
Key Features:
- Strong focus on nearly zero-energy buildings (NZEB).
- EPCs integrate climate and emissions data.
- Regional energy efficiency programs support renovations.
Challenges:Austria
Regulatory Body: Austrian Energy Agency EPC Scale: A++ to G
Module 3 - Small and Medium Investments
These simple yet effective solutions help reduce unnecessary energy waste, lower electricity bills, and enhance comfort in homes and workplaces. By making informed choices about everyday energy use, individuals can contribute to a more sustainable future while also seeing tangible financial returns in the short to medium term.
Energy efficiency improvements don’t always require large-scale investments. Small and medium investments, such as turning off or upgrading standby appliances, installing draftproofing materials, and using energy-efficient lighting, can lead to significant cost savings and environmental benefits.
According to the European Commission, improving energy efficiency in buildings and appliances can reduce household energy consumption by up to 30%, leading to significant cost savings and lower carbon emissions. (Source: European Commission, Energy Efficiency Report 2023)
Module 3 - Small and Medium investments
• Standby appliances • Draftproofing, reflective foils • Energy efficient lighting • Energy efficient appliances • Water-saving devices
Average annual cost calculation: 367.92 kWh × €0.30/kWh* = €110.38*should be adjusted to the specific electricity cost in your country
Module 3 - Small and Medium investments
• Standby appliances • Draftproofing, reflective foils • Energy efficient lighting • Energy efficient appliances • Water-saving devices
3 radiators 20€ investment, Payback period of 1 year Up to 15 years lifespan if installed properly and not damaged
3-4 windows, 20€ investment, Payback period of 1 year 5-10 years lifespan, depending on material quality and wear
Module 3 - Small and Medium investments
• Standby appliances • Draftproofing, reflective foils • Energy efficient lighting • Energy efficient appliances • Water-saving devices
2 LED bulbs, 14€ investment, Payback period of 7 months 10-15 years lifespan, depending on usage
Module 3 - Small and Medium investments
• Standby appliances • Draftproofing, reflective foils • Energy efficient lighting • Energy efficient appliances • Water-saving devices
The rescaled A-G classification, introduced in 2021, ensures that only the most energy-efficient appliances receive the highest ratings, encouraging manufacturers to innovate and improve efficiency. Additionally, the labels include QR codes linking to a product database, allowing consumers to compare models and make more cost-effective decisions, ultimately leading to long-term energy savings and lower utility bills.
Module 3 - Small and Medium investments
• Standby appliances • Draftproofing, reflective foils • Energy efficient lighting • Energy efficient appliances • Water-saving devices
The device in the image is a water-saving aerator or tap aerator. It is a small attachment that fits onto the end of a faucet to reduce water flow while maintaining strong water pressure. By mixing air with water, it helps lower water consumption—in this case, potentially saving 10 cubic meters (m³) of water compared to a standard tap. These devices are commonly used to improve efficiency and sustainability in households and commercial settings.
Module 4 – Large Investments
Energy efficiency improvements can go beyond small upgrades to large-scale investments that provide long-term savings and sustainability benefits. These include major home retrofits, renewable energy systems, and advanced energy storage solutions. While the upfront costs are higher, these investments significantly reduce energy bills, increase property value, and enhance energy independence.
Module 4 – Large Investments
3. Geothermal Heating Systems
1. Solar Panels
2. Wind Turbines
Module 4 – Large Investments
This video explores geothermal vs. air source heat pumps, focusing on efficiency, costs, and long-term savings. Matt Ferrell documents his geothermal installation, highlighting its higher upfront cost but superior efficiency and lower operating expenses. He discusses tax credits, installation options, and additional features like desuperheaters and energy recovery ventilators (ERVs). While expensive initially, geothermal offers long-term savings and durability, making it a strong option for net-zero energy homes.
Module 4 – Large Investments
3. HVAC System Replacement (Heat Pumps, Smart Ventilation, Efficient Boilers)
1. Full Insulation Upgrade (Walls, Roof, and Floors)
2. Triple-Glazed Windows
Module 4 – Large Investments
This video provides a comprehensive breakdown of HVAC systems, explaining their components, functionality, and processes for heating, cooling, and air circulation in homes. It covers how HVAC systems heat and cool air efficiently and distribute it throughout the house. Designed for homeowners, the video equips viewers with essential knowledge to make informed decisions about installing or upgrading their HVAC systems.
Module 4 – Large Investments
1. Battery Storage for Solar Energy (e.g., Tesla Powerwall, LG Chem, Sonnen)
2. Smart Grid Integration
Module 5 - Practical Tips
Heating
Electricity
Sanitary hot water
Insulation and building envelope
In the next section we provide practical tips from most energy efficient to least. Even though all of them contribute to developing more energy efficient habits and cuts energy costs.
Module 5 - Practical Tips
Heating
Module 5 - Practical Tips
Electricity
Module 5 - Practical Tips
Sanitary hot water
Module 5 - Practical Tips
Insulation and building envelope
- Choose high-performance building materials such as aerated concrete, SIP panels, or insulated concrete forms (ICFs) to improve thermal resistance.
- Design buildings with airtight structures, thermal bridge reduction, and high-performance insulation to achieve maximum energy savings.
*High impact but only practical during major renovations or new builds.Module 6 - Conclusion
Conclusion
You have learned how standby appliances, efficient lighting, insulation, and renewable energy systems contribute to long-term savings and sustainability. Additionally, the course provided insights into optimizing heating, hot water use, and building envelopes to enhance energy performance. With this knowledge, you can apply energy-efficient practices in daily life and advocate for smarter energy choices, leading to both economic and environmental benefits. Keep exploring ways to implement these strategies and contribute to a more sustainable future!
Throughout this E-lit Adults Level 2 course, you have explored essential strategies to improve energy efficiency in buildings, reduce energy waste, and lower costs. By understanding Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs), small and large-scale energy investments, and practical energy-saving measures, you are now equipped to make informed decisions about energy use in homes and workplaces.
Exercises
Discussion
Evaluation
Evaluation Quiz
1. This quiz consists of 7 multiple-choice questions related to energy sources, environmental impact, and energy transition. 2. Choose the correct answer for each question (only one per question). 3. The quiz helps reinforce key concepts covered in the course.
Evaluation 1/7
Evaluation 2/7
Evaluation 3/7
Evaluation 4/7
Evaluation 5/7
Evaluation 6/7
Evaluation 7/7
Certificate
Congratulations!
Certificate of Completion
To receive an Open Badge for this course, please contact the local project partner: Kaunas University of Technology.
Month, 2X
Sources
1. European Commission. (2023). Energy Efficiency Report 2023. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu 2. International Energy Agency (IEA). (2022). Energy Efficiency 2022: Analysis and Key Findings. OECD Publishing. 3. European Union Directive 2018/844. (2018). Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD). Official Journal of the European Union. 4. U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). (2021). Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy: Best Practices for Building Efficiency. Washington, D.C. 5. Carbon Trust. (2021). Guide to Energy Efficiency in Buildings: Improving Insulation, Heating, and Renewable Integration. Carbon Trust Publications. 6. International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). (2022). Renewable Energy Policies for the Energy Transition. Retrieved from https://www.irena.org 7. European Environment Agency (EEA). (2021). Trends and Projections in Europe 2021: Tracking Progress Towards Climate and Energy Targets. Retrieved from https://www.eea.europa.eu
Sources
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