Models of Tech Integration Project

Technology Integration Models

Comparing 3 Models

OBJECTIVE

A closer look at three Technology Integration Models, to define their models, see how they compare, what makes them different with the goal of choosing the best one to implement in my school.

SAMR

PICRAT

TIM

Technology Integration Framework

Passive, Interactive, Creative, Replacement, Amplification Transformation

Substitution, Augmentation, Modification, and Redefinition

Technology Integrations Models help educators consider how to use Technology in the classroom. THE MODEL THAT BEST FITS MY SCHOOL...

PICRAT

Passive, Interactive, Creative, Replacement, Amplification Transformation

This model guides teachers to consider two main questions when using technology in teaching. "What are studnets doing with the technology?" "How does this use of technology impact the teacher's pedagogy?" Teachers responses to this 3 level scale form PICRAT.

Passive Learning

• Teachers creating lecture notes into slides or videos
• Students passively observe or listen rather than engage
• Passive learning is the first step to technology integration and teachers needed support passing this step

PIC

CreativeLearning

• This level requires students to create a didgital object
• Meets the highest level of learning by applying concepts into real world digital obejcts.
• Examples include coding, video editing, presentations, sound mixing.

Interactive Learning

• Students engage with technology though exploration, experimentation and collaboration
• Can include games, comuterzied test, digital flash cards, simulations
• Learning is still structed by the technology not the student

PROS

CONS

RAT

Transformation

• This level doesn't enhance but rather makes a teaching method possible
• For example students interviewing a remote scientist on zoom
• Shapes learing experience becuse could not be done in an effective way without the use the technology

Replacement

• Teachers replace old practices with technology
• For example digital flash cards instead of paper
• Does not improve learning and no real advantage to student learning

Amplification

• This use of technology improves learing outcomes
• For example students using review features in google docs to privde better feedback
• This level does not change teachers' pedagogy

References: The PICRAT Model for Technology Integration in Teacher Preparation – CITE Journal. (n.d.). Cite Journal. https://citejournal.org/volume-20/issue-1-20/general/the-picrat-model-for-technology-integration-in-teacher-preparation/ ‌

SAMR

Substitution, Augmentation, Modification, Redefinition

This model focus on four tiers of online learning in order of their complexity. These four tiers can be divded into two categories or enhancement and transformation.

SUBSTITUTION

• Teachers replace traditional activites and materials with digital tool
• No major change to teaching just the way in which it is delivered
• convert materials into digital format for students to easily reference

AUGMENTATION

• This level makes lessons more interactive by adding thing like comments, hyperlinks and/or multimedia
• It enhances the lesson but does not change it

PROS

CONS

Modification

• Teachers use a learning Management System like Google Classroom, Schoology, Moodle etc.
• Post assignments, messaging students, grading assignments online
• Benefit to students who may be shy or quiet in the classroom to communicate better

Redefinition

• At this level the classroom is altered using assignment that would not have been possible prior
• Examples include virtual pen pals or virtual field trip

References:

• Terada, Y. (2020, May 4). A powerful model for understanding good tech integration. Edutopia; George Lucas Educational Foundation. https://www.edutopia.org/article/powerful-model-understanding-good-tech-integration/
• Shaw, T. (2015, April 27). The problem with the SAMR model. ESchool News. https://www.eschoolnews.com/district-management/2015/04/27/samr-model-problems-842/
• The Pros and Cons When Teachers Go Online Using Substitution In SAMR | Educational Innovation 360. (n.d.). Teaching Observations, Instructional Coaching. https://www.educationalinnovation360.com/blogs/the-pros-and-cons-when-teachers-go-online-using-substitution-in-samr

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TIM

TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION FRAMEWORK

Created in 2005, by the Florida Center for Instructional Technology, it is a matrix to help evaluate technology in the classroom. It includes 5 key features that align with 5 stages of technology integration. The TIM matrix is comprised of 25 cells where each cell on the matrix gives indicators and exampes of what technology integration looks like for students, for teachers and for the classroom setting at that level.

The 5 Characteristics

PROS

CONS

• Each cell to the matrix provides teachers with models of how technology can be integrated into their instruction to supprt planning for technology in the classroom and the website provides videos examples.
• TIM model is used to evaluate a lesson not an overall use/pratice with technology and to promote the overall use of technology in whatever format you have available to you in your environment.

5 Levels of Technology Integration: Entry, Adoption, Adaptation, Infusion and Transformation

References:

• Florida Center for Instructional Technology. (2019). The Technology Integration Matrix. TIM. https://fcit.usf.edu/matrix/matrix/

• Yuen, L. (n.d.). Bringing it all Together – Using the TIM for Technology Integration – BOLT Multi-Authored Blog. https://bolt.athabascau.ca/index.php/2019/12/16/bringing-it-all-together-using-the-tim-for-technology-integration/‌‌

My Proposal: TIM

Why TIM?

How to Introduce TIM?

• First I would gather feedback from teachers to see how they feel technology usage is being used or if they feel they could improve on it. I would gather this data to prove their is a need for it in our school
• I would suggest an introduction meeting to present the model
• I would provide examples of success stories using the TIM model to support my claim of its effectiveness and its neccessity in our school
• I would work with admin to provide/help in delviering trainings/PD on how to understand and apply the framework.

I believe the TIM model is best suited for my school. My school is a bilingual elementary school and there are some main points that make TIM the ideal choice:

• The TIM module prioritizes the imprtance of both pedagogy and technology making sure technology is not just an add on but a transformative experience for learners.
• Supports and encourages technology for diverse learners with its 5 characteristics
• Provides guidances on technology use for differentation to meet students linguistic needs, which is extremely important in a bilingual setting.
• Allows teachers to analyze where they fall on the matrix and integrate technology at their own pace so they don't feel overwhelmed or pressured.
• Gives clear examples across specific subjects of what the technology integration looks like so teachers aren't left guessing of how it might look in their class.
• There is a clear evaluation framework to support teachrs in their evauation process.

References:

• Florida Center for Instructional Technology. (2019). The Technology Integration Matrix. TIM. https://fcit.usf.edu/matrix/matrix/

The Passive Level of Student Learning in PIC

• Hard to classify substitution and redefinition.
• Teachers might assume the goal is to reach the top of the chart instead of working throughout the model constantly
• It doesn't specify the value of the change being made

The Creative Level of Student Learning in PIC

• Easy to understand
• Emphasis on technology supporting pedagogy
• Initaties teacher examination of technology in the classroom in a positive way using the matrix
• emphasizes technology as a way to amplify pedagogy not replace it
• Strong focus on students having creative learing activites and experiences

Flowchart that helps determine whether a classroom's use of technology is Replacement, Amplification or Transformation

PICRAT in action

• Easy to understand
• Teachers can easily see where they fall on the matrix and have clear exmaples/ideas of how they can improve
• Lots of resources and exampels on the website to support teachnology Integration growth
• It tells teachers how to apply technology in specific subjects
• Teachers can easily measure their progress

The Interactive Level of Student Learning in PIC

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• Can Save money and time for teacheras to not pay/wait to print out copies of materials
• Resources can be accessed globally
• Smaller carbon footprint

The Passive Level of Student Learning in PIC

• The website offers many tools and resources to help evaluate your technology use however it costs alot of money that school need to be prepared to pay
• Teachers and adminstrators will have to dedicate time and energy into analyzing their current technology use and how they will improve it

• Confusion on the term creative-teachers might assume artistic
• Transformative practice may be subjective
• Level scaling can be hard when a teacher uses two levels in one lesson
• It doesn't clearly show teachers how to link using technology in the classroom to actual student progress or results

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