green and blue infrastructure 30.07.

Spare capacities of the sewerage

Cooling effect due to evaporation

Offer space to be outdoor

Enhance biological diversity

© Berliner Wasserbetriebe

green roofs

© Berliner Wasserbetriebe

Reduces heat island effects

Enhances biological diversity

Beautifies the cityscape

Protects from weather exposure

facade greening

Improves air quality

Improves life quality

Lowers energy costs

© Berliner Regenwasseragentur / Andreas [FranzXaver] Süß

Spares capacities of the sewerage

Enhances groundwater recharge

Reduces heat stress

Cooling effect due to evaporation

desealing of surfaces

© BVG / Jörg Pawlitzke

Cooling effect due to evaporation

Improve air quality

Enhance biological diversity

Reduce heat island effects

Beautify the cityscape

grass strips

Spare capacities of the sewerage

© Berliner Wasserbetriebe

Collection and storage of rainwater

Cooling effect due to evaporation

Beautify the cityscape

artificial water surfaces

Enhance biological diversity

Improve life quality

drinking fountains

Provide access to fresh water

Enhance the cityscape

© Berliner Wasserbetriebe

© Berliner Wasserbetriebe

infiltration swales and surfaces

Spare capacities of the sewerage

Enhance groundwater recharge

Filtration of rainwater

© Pexels

parks and gardens

Cooling effect due to evaporation

Enhance biological diversity

Spare capacities of the sewerage

Cooling effect due to shading

Improve city life quality

Improve air quality

© Unsplash

city trees

Cooling effect due to evaporation

Enhance biological diversity

Beautify the cityscape

Cooling effect due to shading

Improve air quality

© Unsplash

Spares capacities of the sewerage

Reduces energy costs

Reduces fresh water consumption

rainwater utilisation

City trees

Trees in urban environments are essential for the adaption to the effects of climate change, such as heat, extreme precipitation and drought. City trees provide shade and have a cooling effect on the air temperature of their surroundings due to evaporation. Trees can capture and store carbon dioxide for a long time and provide living spaces for plants and animals. Especially old city trees are valuable because their large crowns overshadow bigger areas and offer more evaporation surfaces. Therefore, the protection of those trees and their health is important to keep their ecological and social functions.

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Parks and gardens

Urban parks and gardens can have a significant role in a city’s adaption to the effects of climate change, such as heat, extreme precipitation and drought.Trees, bushes and grass areas can reduce the surrounding air temperatures by serving as shading and evaporation surfaces. Parks and gardens improve the urban air quality and provide valuable living space for plants and animals. Absorbed rainwater in the ground and vegetation spares capacities of the sewerage. City residents can use parks and gardens for relaxation, recreational activities and social interaction, which improves life quality.

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Infiltration swales and surfaces

Infiltration swales and surfaces can improve human adaption to the effects of climate change, such as heat, extreme precipitation and drought. Rainwater collected from roof and street areas can be conducted to nearby surfaces where water is able to infiltrate. This benefits the capacity of sewerage under heavy precipitation and groundwater recharge. By passing through layers of substrate and soil water is being filtered before it reaches groundwater.

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Rainwater utilisation

Rainwater utilisation could be a part of the adaptation to the effects of climate change, such as heat, extreme precipitation and drought. The collection and utilisation of rainwater for process water in buildings can reduce the consumption of fresh water and running costs. Simultaneously the amount of drain into the sewerage sinks. After the collection of rainwater in reservoirs it is being processed. A system of water pipes separate from the fresh water brings it to its place of use. Depending on the location where the rain is collected (roof, street) and the utilisation (plant watering, toilet flushing, cleaning) the intensity of the water processing is different.

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Grass strips

By implementing grass strips in available spaces like track beds or roadsides city can improve their adaption to the effects of climate change, such as heat, extreme precipitation and drought. Grass strips serve as surface for infiltration of rainwater into the ground so drain into the sewerages can be reduced. The vegetation evaporates water and can have a cooling effect to their surroundings. Green spaces improve the air quality and provide living space for plants and animals. They better the cityscape and by that improve life quality of their residents.

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Facade greening

In urban environments facade greenings are helpful with the adaption to the effects of climate change, such as heat, extreme precipitation and drought. It can reduce the effect of heat islands in its direct surroundings (buildings, streets) significantly and serves as living space for plants and animals. Green facades can protect buildings from exposure to weather and reduce energy costs due to improved insulation. It additionally contributes to the beauty of cityscapes and improves the life quality of residents.

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Drinking fountains

Drinking fountains in cities help human and animal residents cope with extreme heat. Free access to fresh water on hot days is very important for people’s health. Aesthetically designed fountains can be beneficial to the cityscape and the attractiveness of public places. In case of emergencies, such as power outages or natural disasters, drinking fountains can be a critical source for fresh water.

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Desealing of surfaces

The desealing or partially desealing (drainable pavements) of urban areas can be helpful in the adaption to the effects of climate change, such as heat, extreme precipitation and drought. Desealing reimplements some of the natural functions of soils. Infiltration of rainwater into the ground reduces overflow on the surface and drain into sewerage. Infiltration is also beneficial to groundwater recharge. Unsealed grounds can be evaporation surfaces and therefore reduce heat stress.

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Green roofs

Green roofs help cities in the process of adaptation to the effects of climate change, such as heat, extreme precipitation and drought. There are two types of roof greenings:1. Extensive green roofs are low maintenance and not for public access. They provide evaporation surface and reduce overflow into sewerage.2. Intensive green roofs need a lot of care and maintenance. They are accessible for people, provide space for leisure and additional green spaces to the city. Intensive green roofs can be landscaped with greater diversity of plants and enhance biological diversity in general.

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Artificial water surfaces

Humanmade ponds or trenches in a city can improve its ability to adapt to the effects of climate change, such as heat, extreme precipitation and drought. Their primary use is to store rainwater collected from roof or ground surfaces and lower the effects of extreme precipitation. By providing evaporation surfaces they have an additional cooling effect. The access to water bodies in urban areas improves the quality of city living and biological diversity.

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