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Animal Cells- Virginia LS

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Created on February 20, 2025

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Animal Cells

Cytoplasm

Cell Membrane

Nucleus

Vacuole

An Interactive Exploration

Begin

Mitochondrion

Endoplasmic Reticulum

This simulation was made possible with support from the Chesapeake Education Foundation and the Dollar Bank Foundation.

Hover over a cell part label to see a short description of the cell part. Click on the label for a detailed explanation.

All forms of life are made up of a basic unit called cells. Cells are the basic building blocks of life! Here, we’ll focus on animal cells.

Select the animals in the diagram.

Whether it’s a koala, a lizard, a bird, or a human, all animals have cells that work together to help the body function, grow, obtain energy, and maintain essential life processes.

Select the microscope to view magnified animal cells.

This image shows human cheek cells viewed under a light microscope at high magnification.The cells are stained purple, highlighting their structures.

Select one of the animal cells.

Within a cell, there are many tiny parts, each playing a crucial role in keeping the cell functioning properly. Let’s build a model of an animal cell to better understand these parts.

Build Model of an Animal Cell

A human cheek cell viewed under a light microscope at high magnification.

We first need a cell membranefor our animal cell. The cell membrane is a thin layer around the cell that protects it. It lets some things in and keeps others out, like a gatekeeper for the cell.

Cell Membrane

Add Cell Membrane

Select the cell membraneto continue.

Hover over a cell part label to see a short description of the cell part. Click on the label for a detailed explanation.

Cell Membrane

Hover over a cell part label to see a short description of the cell part. Click on the label for a detailed explanation.

Cell Membrane

Hover over a cell part label to see a short description of the cell part. Click on the label for a detailed explanation.

Next let's add the cytoplasm.

Cytoplasm

Cell Membrane

The cytoplasm is a jelly-like substance inside the cell that holds the organelles. It includes a fluid called cytosol, which helps move materials around and supports cell functions.

Add Cytoplasm

Select the cell's cytoplasm.

Hover over a cell part label to see a short description of the cell part. Click on the label for a detailed explanation.

Cytoplasm

Cell Membrane

Hover over a cell part label to see a short description of the cell part. Click on the label for a detailed explanation.

Cytoplasm

Cell Membrane

Hover over a cell part label to see a short description of the cell part. Click on the label for a detailed explanation.

Now it's time to add the organelles—specialized structures within the cell that perform specific functions. Let's start with the nucleus, the control center of the cell, which houses the DNA and directs all the cell’s activities.

Cytoplasm

Cell Membrane

Nucleus

Add Nucleus

Select the cell's nucleus to continue.

Hover over a cell part label to see a short description of the cell part. Click on the label for a detailed explanation.

Cytoplasm

Cell Membrane

Nucleus

Hover over a cell part label to see a short description of the cell part. Click on the label for a detailed explanation.

Cytoplasm

Cell Membrane

Nucleus

Hover over a cell part label to see a short description of the cell part. Click on the label for a detailed explanation.

Next, let’s add the endoplasmic reticulum. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of folded membranes that acts as a transportation system within the cell, helping to make and move proteins (rough ER) and lipids (smooth ER).

Cytoplasm

Cell Membrane

Nucleus

Add Endoplasmic Reticulum

Select the cell's endoplasmic reticulum.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Hover over a cell part label to see a short description of the cell part. Click on the label for a detailed explanation.

Cytoplasm

Cell Membrane

Nucleus

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Hover over a cell part label to see a short description of the cell part. Click on the label for a detailed explanation.

Cytoplasm

Cell Membrane

Nucleus

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Hover over a cell part label to see a short description of the cell part. Click on the label for a detailed explanation.

Next, let’s add the mitochondria. Mitochondria are bean-shaped organelles known as the powerhouse of the cell. They are the site of cellular respiration, where glucose and oxygen are used to produce ATP, the cell’s energy. "Mitochondrion" is singular, while "mitochondria" is plural.

Cytoplasm

Cell Membrane

Nucleus

Add Mitochondria

Select one of the mitochondria.

Mitochondrion

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Hover over a cell part label to see a short description of the cell part. Click on the label for a detailed explanation.

Cytoplasm

Cell Membrane

Nucleus

Mitochondrion

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Hover over a cell part label to see a short description of the cell part. Click on the label for a detailed explanation.

Cytoplasm

Cell Membrane

Nucleus

Mitochondrion

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Hover over a cell part label to see a short description of the cell part. Click on the label for a detailed explanation.

Now, let’s add the vacuoles. Vacuoles are storage sacs that hold water, nutrients, and waste until needed or removed. Animal cells have multiple small vacuoles.

Cytoplasm

Cell Membrane

Nucleus

Vacuole

Add Vacuoles

Select one of the vacuoles.

Mitochondrion

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Hover over a cell part label to see a short description of the cell part. Click on the label for a detailed explanation.

Cytoplasm

Cell Membrane

Nucleus

Vacuole

Mitochondrion

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Hover over a cell part label to see a short description of the cell part. Click on the label for a detailed explanation.

Cytoplasm

Cell Membrane

Nucleus

Vacuole

Mitochondrion

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Hover over a cell part label to see a short description of the cell part. Click on the label for a detailed explanation.

Great job on building the animal cell model! Now, let's check for understanding.

Cytoplasm

Cytoplasm

Cell Membrane

Nucleus

Vacuole

Mitochondrion

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Hover over a cell part label to see a short description of the cell part. Click on the label for a detailed explanation.

We are beta testing this module. Please use this 1 question form to provide your valuable feedback! Thank you!

Great job learning about animal cells! Each part has a specific role in keeping the cell—and the whole animal—alive and functioning. By working together, these organelles help the animal gain energy, maintain balance, and stay healthy.

Cytoplasm

Cell Membrane

Nucleus

Vacuole

Mitochondrion

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Hover over a cell part label to see a short description of the cell part. Click on the label for a detailed explanation.

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Vacuoles

Animal Cell

A vacuole is a membrane-bound storage sac found in plant, animal, fungal, and protist cells.
It holds water, nutrients, and waste until they are used or removed.

Animal cells have multiple small vacuoles for storage and waste management.

Cytoplasm

Animal Cell

Cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid made up of cytosol, which fills the inside of a cell.
It holds and supports organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria while allowing molecules and nutrients to move throughout the cell, aiding its function.
All cells—plant, animal, bacteria, and more—contain cytoplasm.

Vacuoles

Animal Cell

A vacuole is a membrane-bound storage sac found in plant, animal, fungal, and protist cells.
It holds water, nutrients, and waste until they are used or removed.

Animal cells have multiple small vacuoles for storage and waste management.

Cytoplasm

Animal Cell

Cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid made up of cytosol, which fills the inside of a cell.
It holds and supports organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria while allowing molecules and nutrients to move throughout the cell, aiding its function.
All cells—plant, animal, bacteria, and more—contain cytoplasm.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Animal Cell

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of folded membranes found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
It helps make and transport materials within the cell.
The rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and is responsible for making proteins.
The smooth ER has no ribosomes and is responsible for producing lipids (fats).

Nucleus

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that holds DNA, which contains the instructions for building proteins and directing cell activities like growth and reproduction.
The nucleus is found in eukaryotic cells (animals, plants, fungi, and protists), while prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) lack a nucleus, with their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm.

Mitochondria

Animal Cell

Mitochondria are bean-shaped organelles found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
They are known as the "powerhouses of the cell" because they produce energy.
Mitochondria use oxygen and glucose to produce ATP (energy) through cellular respiration.
Cells that need more energy, like muscle cells, have more mitochondria.
Mitochondrion" is singular, while "mitochondria" is plural, meaning one cell can have one mitochondrion or many mitochondria.

Cytoplasm

Animal Cell

Cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid made up of cytosol, which fills the inside of a cell.
It holds and supports organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria while allowing molecules and nutrients to move throughout the cell, aiding its function.
All cells—plant, animal, bacteria, and more—contain cytoplasm.

Vacuoles

Animal Cell

A vacuole is a membrane-bound storage sac found in plant, animal, fungal, and protist cells.
It holds water, nutrients, and waste until they are used or removed.

Animal cells have multiple small vacuoles for storage and waste management.

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Animal Cell

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of folded membranes found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
It helps make and transport materials within the cell.
The rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and is responsible for making proteins.
The smooth ER has no ribosomes and is responsible for producing lipids (fats).

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Nucleus

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that holds DNA, which contains the instructions for building proteins and directing cell activities like growth and reproduction.
The nucleus is found in eukaryotic cells (animals, plants, fungi, and protists), while prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) lack a nucleus, with their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm.

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Mitochondria

Animal Cell

Mitochondria are bean-shaped organelles found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
They are known as the "powerhouses of the cell" because they produce energy.
Mitochondria use oxygen and glucose to produce ATP (energy) through cellular respiration.
Cells that need more energy, like muscle cells, have more mitochondria.
Mitochondrion" is singular, while "mitochondria" is plural, meaning one cell can have one mitochondrion or many mitochondria.

Cytoplasm

Animal Cell

Cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid made up of cytosol, which fills the inside of a cell.
It holds and supports organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria while allowing molecules and nutrients to move throughout the cell, aiding its function.
All cells—plant, animal, bacteria, and more—contain cytoplasm.

Nucleus

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that holds DNA, which contains the instructions for building proteins and directing cell activities like growth and reproduction.
The nucleus is found in eukaryotic cells (animals, plants, fungi, and protists), while prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) lack a nucleus, with their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Animal Cell

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of folded membranes found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
It helps make and transport materials within the cell.
The rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and is responsible for making proteins.
The smooth ER has no ribosomes and is responsible for producing lipids (fats).

Cytoplasm

Animal Cell

Cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid made up of cytosol, which fills the inside of a cell.
It holds and supports organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria while allowing molecules and nutrients to move throughout the cell, aiding its function.
All cells—plant, animal, bacteria, and more—contain cytoplasm.

Mitochondria

Animal Cell

Mitochondria are bean-shaped organelles found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
They are known as the "powerhouses of the cell" because they produce energy.
Mitochondria use oxygen and glucose to produce ATP (energy) through cellular respiration.
Cells that need more energy, like muscle cells, have more mitochondria.
Mitochondrion" is singular, while "mitochondria" is plural, meaning one cell can have one mitochondrion or many mitochondria.

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Animal Cell

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of folded membranes found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
It helps make and transport materials within the cell.
The rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and is responsible for making proteins.
The smooth ER has no ribosomes and is responsible for producing lipids (fats).

Cytoplasm

Animal Cell

Cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid made up of cytosol, which fills the inside of a cell.
It holds and supports organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria while allowing molecules and nutrients to move throughout the cell, aiding its function.
All cells—plant, animal, bacteria, and more—contain cytoplasm.

Vacuoles

Animal Cell

A vacuole is a membrane-bound storage sac found in plant, animal, fungal, and protist cells.
It holds water, nutrients, and waste until they are used or removed.

Animal cells have multiple small vacuoles for storage and waste management.

Nucleus

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that holds DNA, which contains the instructions for building proteins and directing cell activities like growth and reproduction.
The nucleus is found in eukaryotic cells (animals, plants, fungi, and protists), while prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) lack a nucleus, with their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm.

Cytoplasm

Animal Cell

Cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid made up of cytosol, which fills the inside of a cell.
It holds and supports organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria while allowing molecules and nutrients to move throughout the cell, aiding its function.
All cells—plant, animal, bacteria, and more—contain cytoplasm.

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Animal Cell

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of folded membranes found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
It helps make and transport materials within the cell.
The rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and is responsible for making proteins.
The smooth ER has no ribosomes and is responsible for producing lipids (fats).

Mitochondria

Animal Cell

Mitochondria are bean-shaped organelles found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
They are known as the "powerhouses of the cell" because they produce energy.
Mitochondria use oxygen and glucose to produce ATP (energy) through cellular respiration.
Cells that need more energy, like muscle cells, have more mitochondria.
Mitochondrion" is singular, while "mitochondria" is plural, meaning one cell can have one mitochondrion or many mitochondria.

Nucleus

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that holds DNA, which contains the instructions for building proteins and directing cell activities like growth and reproduction.
The nucleus is found in eukaryotic cells (animals, plants, fungi, and protists), while prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) lack a nucleus, with their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm.

Cytoplasm

Animal Cell

Cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid made up of cytosol, which fills the inside of a cell.
It holds and supports organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria while allowing molecules and nutrients to move throughout the cell, aiding its function.
All cells—plant, animal, bacteria, and more—contain cytoplasm.

Mitochondria

Animal Cell

Mitochondria are bean-shaped organelles found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
They are known as the "powerhouses of the cell" because they produce energy.
Mitochondria use oxygen and glucose to produce ATP (energy) through cellular respiration.
Cells that need more energy, like muscle cells, have more mitochondria.
Mitochondrion" is singular, while "mitochondria" is plural, meaning one cell can have one mitochondrion or many mitochondria.

Mitochondria

Animal Cell

Mitochondria are bean-shaped organelles found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
They are known as the "powerhouses of the cell" because they produce energy.
Mitochondria use oxygen and glucose to produce ATP (energy) through cellular respiration.
Cells that need more energy, like muscle cells, have more mitochondria.
Mitochondrion" is singular, while "mitochondria" is plural, meaning one cell can have one mitochondrion or many mitochondria.

Cytoplasm

Animal Cell

Cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid made up of cytosol, which fills the inside of a cell.
It holds and supports organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria while allowing molecules and nutrients to move throughout the cell, aiding its function.
All cells—plant, animal, bacteria, and more—contain cytoplasm.

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Mitochondria

Animal Cell

Mitochondria are bean-shaped organelles found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
They are known as the "powerhouses of the cell" because they produce energy.
Mitochondria use oxygen and glucose to produce ATP (energy) through cellular respiration.
Cells that need more energy, like muscle cells, have more mitochondria.
Mitochondrion" is singular, while "mitochondria" is plural, meaning one cell can have one mitochondrion or many mitochondria.

Cytoplasm

Animal Cell

Cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid made up of cytosol, which fills the inside of a cell.
It holds and supports organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria while allowing molecules and nutrients to move throughout the cell, aiding its function.
All cells—plant, animal, bacteria, and more—contain cytoplasm.

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Mitochondria

Animal Cell

Mitochondria are bean-shaped organelles found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
They are known as the "powerhouses of the cell" because they produce energy.
Mitochondria use oxygen and glucose to produce ATP (energy) through cellular respiration.
Cells that need more energy, like muscle cells, have more mitochondria.
Mitochondrion" is singular, while "mitochondria" is plural, meaning one cell can have one mitochondrion or many mitochondria.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Animal Cell

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of folded membranes found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
It helps make and transport materials within the cell.
The rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and is responsible for making proteins.
The smooth ER has no ribosomes and is responsible for producing lipids (fats).

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Animal Cell

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of folded membranes found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
It helps make and transport materials within the cell.
The rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and is responsible for making proteins.
The smooth ER has no ribosomes and is responsible for producing lipids (fats).

Vacuoles

Animal Cell

A vacuole is a membrane-bound storage sac found in plant, animal, fungal, and protist cells.
It holds water, nutrients, and waste until they are used or removed.

Animal cells have multiple small vacuoles for storage and waste management.

Cytoplasm

Animal Cell

Cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid made up of cytosol, which fills the inside of a cell.
It holds and supports organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria while allowing molecules and nutrients to move throughout the cell, aiding its function.
All cells—plant, animal, bacteria, and more—contain cytoplasm.

Cytoplasm

Animal Cell

Cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid made up of cytosol, which fills the inside of a cell.
It holds and supports organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria while allowing molecules and nutrients to move throughout the cell, aiding its function.
All cells—plant, animal, bacteria, and more—contain cytoplasm.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Animal Cell

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of folded membranes found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
It helps make and transport materials within the cell.
The rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and is responsible for making proteins.
The smooth ER has no ribosomes and is responsible for producing lipids (fats).

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Cytoplasm

Animal Cell

Cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid made up of cytosol, which fills the inside of a cell.
It holds and supports organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria while allowing molecules and nutrients to move throughout the cell, aiding its function.
All cells—plant, animal, bacteria, and more—contain cytoplasm.

Cytoplasm

Animal Cell

Cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid made up of cytosol, which fills the inside of a cell.
It holds and supports organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria while allowing molecules and nutrients to move throughout the cell, aiding its function.
All cells—plant, animal, bacteria, and more—contain cytoplasm.

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Animal Cell

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of folded membranes found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
It helps make and transport materials within the cell.
The rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and is responsible for making proteins.
The smooth ER has no ribosomes and is responsible for producing lipids (fats).

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Animal Cell

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of folded membranes found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
It helps make and transport materials within the cell.
The rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and is responsible for making proteins.
The smooth ER has no ribosomes and is responsible for producing lipids (fats).

Nucleus

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that holds DNA, which contains the instructions for building proteins and directing cell activities like growth and reproduction.
The nucleus is found in eukaryotic cells (animals, plants, fungi, and protists), while prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) lack a nucleus, with their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm.

Nucleus

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that holds DNA, which contains the instructions for building proteins and directing cell activities like growth and reproduction.
The nucleus is found in eukaryotic cells (animals, plants, fungi, and protists), while prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) lack a nucleus, with their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm.

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Animal Cell

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of folded membranes found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
It helps make and transport materials within the cell.
The rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and is responsible for making proteins.
The smooth ER has no ribosomes and is responsible for producing lipids (fats).

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Animal Cell

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of folded membranes found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
It helps make and transport materials within the cell.
The rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and is responsible for making proteins.
The smooth ER has no ribosomes and is responsible for producing lipids (fats).

Cytoplasm

Animal Cell

Cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid made up of cytosol, which fills the inside of a cell.
It holds and supports organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria while allowing molecules and nutrients to move throughout the cell, aiding its function.
All cells—plant, animal, bacteria, and more—contain cytoplasm.

Nucleus

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that holds DNA, which contains the instructions for building proteins and directing cell activities like growth and reproduction.
The nucleus is found in eukaryotic cells (animals, plants, fungi, and protists), while prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) lack a nucleus, with their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm.

Cytoplasm

Animal Cell

Cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid made up of cytosol, which fills the inside of a cell.
It holds and supports organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria while allowing molecules and nutrients to move throughout the cell, aiding its function.
All cells—plant, animal, bacteria, and more—contain cytoplasm.

Nucleus

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that holds DNA, which contains the instructions for building proteins and directing cell activities like growth and reproduction.
The nucleus is found in eukaryotic cells (animals, plants, fungi, and protists), while prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) lack a nucleus, with their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm.

Vacuoles

Animal Cell

A vacuole is a membrane-bound storage sac found in plant, animal, fungal, and protist cells.
It holds water, nutrients, and waste until they are used or removed.

Animal cells have multiple small vacuoles for storage and waste management.

Vacuoles

Animal Cell

A vacuole is a membrane-bound storage sac found in plant, animal, fungal, and protist cells.
It holds water, nutrients, and waste until they are used or removed.

Animal cells have multiple small vacuoles for storage and waste management.

Cytoplasm

Animal Cell

Cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid made up of cytosol, which fills the inside of a cell.
It holds and supports organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria while allowing molecules and nutrients to move throughout the cell, aiding its function.
All cells—plant, animal, bacteria, and more—contain cytoplasm.

Mitochondria

Animal Cell

Mitochondria are bean-shaped organelles found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
They are known as the "powerhouses of the cell" because they produce energy.
Mitochondria use oxygen and glucose to produce ATP (energy) through cellular respiration.
Cells that need more energy, like muscle cells, have more mitochondria.
Mitochondrion" is singular, while "mitochondria" is plural, meaning one cell can have one mitochondrion or many mitochondria.

Vacuoles

Animal Cell

A vacuole is a membrane-bound storage sac found in plant, animal, fungal, and protist cells.
It holds water, nutrients, and waste until they are used or removed.

Animal cells have multiple small vacuoles for storage and waste management.

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Nucleus

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that holds DNA, which contains the instructions for building proteins and directing cell activities like growth and reproduction.
The nucleus is found in eukaryotic cells (animals, plants, fungi, and protists), while prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) lack a nucleus, with their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm.

Cytoplasm

Animal Cell

Cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid made up of cytosol, which fills the inside of a cell.
It holds and supports organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria while allowing molecules and nutrients to move throughout the cell, aiding its function.
All cells—plant, animal, bacteria, and more—contain cytoplasm.

Nucleus

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that holds DNA, which contains the instructions for building proteins and directing cell activities like growth and reproduction.
The nucleus is found in eukaryotic cells (animals, plants, fungi, and protists), while prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) lack a nucleus, with their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm.

Nucleus

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that holds DNA, which contains the instructions for building proteins and directing cell activities like growth and reproduction.
The nucleus is found in eukaryotic cells (animals, plants, fungi, and protists), while prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) lack a nucleus, with their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm.

Mitochondria

Animal Cell

Mitochondria are bean-shaped organelles found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
They are known as the "powerhouses of the cell" because they produce energy.
Mitochondria use oxygen and glucose to produce ATP (energy) through cellular respiration.
Cells that need more energy, like muscle cells, have more mitochondria.
Mitochondrion" is singular, while "mitochondria" is plural, meaning one cell can have one mitochondrion or many mitochondria.

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Cytoplasm

Animal Cell

Cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid made up of cytosol, which fills the inside of a cell.
It holds and supports organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria while allowing molecules and nutrients to move throughout the cell, aiding its function.
All cells—plant, animal, bacteria, and more—contain cytoplasm.

Nucleus

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that holds DNA, which contains the instructions for building proteins and directing cell activities like growth and reproduction.
The nucleus is found in eukaryotic cells (animals, plants, fungi, and protists), while prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) lack a nucleus, with their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm.

Mitochondria

Animal Cell

Mitochondria are bean-shaped organelles found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
They are known as the "powerhouses of the cell" because they produce energy.
Mitochondria use oxygen and glucose to produce ATP (energy) through cellular respiration.
Cells that need more energy, like muscle cells, have more mitochondria.
Mitochondrion" is singular, while "mitochondria" is plural, meaning one cell can have one mitochondrion or many mitochondria.

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Nucleus

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that holds DNA, which contains the instructions for building proteins and directing cell activities like growth and reproduction.
The nucleus is found in eukaryotic cells (animals, plants, fungi, and protists), while prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) lack a nucleus, with their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm.

Vacuoles

Animal Cell

A vacuole is a membrane-bound storage sac found in plant, animal, fungal, and protist cells.
It holds water, nutrients, and waste until they are used or removed.

Animal cells have multiple small vacuoles for storage and waste management.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Animal Cell

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of folded membranes found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
It helps make and transport materials within the cell.
The rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and is responsible for making proteins.
The smooth ER has no ribosomes and is responsible for producing lipids (fats).

Cytoplasm

Animal Cell

Cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid made up of cytosol, which fills the inside of a cell.
It holds and supports organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria while allowing molecules and nutrients to move throughout the cell, aiding its function.
All cells—plant, animal, bacteria, and more—contain cytoplasm.

Nucleus

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that holds DNA, which contains the instructions for building proteins and directing cell activities like growth and reproduction.
The nucleus is found in eukaryotic cells (animals, plants, fungi, and protists), while prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) lack a nucleus, with their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm.

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Mitochondria

Animal Cell

Mitochondria are bean-shaped organelles found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
They are known as the "powerhouses of the cell" because they produce energy.
Mitochondria use oxygen and glucose to produce ATP (energy) through cellular respiration.
Cells that need more energy, like muscle cells, have more mitochondria.
Mitochondrion" is singular, while "mitochondria" is plural, meaning one cell can have one mitochondrion or many mitochondria.

Cytoplasm

Animal Cell

Cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid made up of cytosol, which fills the inside of a cell.
It holds and supports organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria while allowing molecules and nutrients to move throughout the cell, aiding its function.
All cells—plant, animal, bacteria, and more—contain cytoplasm.

Vacuoles

Animal Cell

A vacuole is a membrane-bound storage sac found in plant, animal, fungal, and protist cells.
It holds water, nutrients, and waste until they are used or removed.

Animal cells have multiple small vacuoles for storage and waste management.

Cytoplasm

Animal Cell

Cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid made up of cytosol, which fills the inside of a cell.
It holds and supports organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria while allowing molecules and nutrients to move throughout the cell, aiding its function.
All cells—plant, animal, bacteria, and more—contain cytoplasm.

Nucleus

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that holds DNA, which contains the instructions for building proteins and directing cell activities like growth and reproduction.
The nucleus is found in eukaryotic cells (animals, plants, fungi, and protists), while prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) lack a nucleus, with their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm.

Nucleus

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that holds DNA, which contains the instructions for building proteins and directing cell activities like growth and reproduction.
The nucleus is found in eukaryotic cells (animals, plants, fungi, and protists), while prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) lack a nucleus, with their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm.

Nucleus

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that holds DNA, which contains the instructions for building proteins and directing cell activities like growth and reproduction.
The nucleus is found in eukaryotic cells (animals, plants, fungi, and protists), while prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) lack a nucleus, with their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm.

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Nucleus

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that holds DNA, which contains the instructions for building proteins and directing cell activities like growth and reproduction.
The nucleus is found in eukaryotic cells (animals, plants, fungi, and protists), while prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) lack a nucleus, with their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Animal Cell

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of folded membranes found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
It helps make and transport materials within the cell.
The rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and is responsible for making proteins.
The smooth ER has no ribosomes and is responsible for producing lipids (fats).

Nucleus

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that holds DNA, which contains the instructions for building proteins and directing cell activities like growth and reproduction.
The nucleus is found in eukaryotic cells (animals, plants, fungi, and protists), while prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) lack a nucleus, with their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Animal Cell

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of folded membranes found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
It helps make and transport materials within the cell.
The rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and is responsible for making proteins.
The smooth ER has no ribosomes and is responsible for producing lipids (fats).

Cytoplasm

Animal Cell

Cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid made up of cytosol, which fills the inside of a cell.
It holds and supports organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria while allowing molecules and nutrients to move throughout the cell, aiding its function.
All cells—plant, animal, bacteria, and more—contain cytoplasm.

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Vacuoles

Animal Cell

A vacuole is a membrane-bound storage sac found in plant, animal, fungal, and protist cells.
It holds water, nutrients, and waste until they are used or removed.

Animal cells have multiple small vacuoles for storage and waste management.

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Mitochondria

Animal Cell

Mitochondria are bean-shaped organelles found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
They are known as the "powerhouses of the cell" because they produce energy.
Mitochondria use oxygen and glucose to produce ATP (energy) through cellular respiration.
Cells that need more energy, like muscle cells, have more mitochondria.
Mitochondrion" is singular, while "mitochondria" is plural, meaning one cell can have one mitochondrion or many mitochondria.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Animal Cell

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of folded membranes found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
It helps make and transport materials within the cell.
The rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and is responsible for making proteins.
The smooth ER has no ribosomes and is responsible for producing lipids (fats).

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Mitochondria

Animal Cell

Mitochondria are bean-shaped organelles found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
They are known as the "powerhouses of the cell" because they produce energy.
Mitochondria use oxygen and glucose to produce ATP (energy) through cellular respiration.
Cells that need more energy, like muscle cells, have more mitochondria.
Mitochondrion" is singular, while "mitochondria" is plural, meaning one cell can have one mitochondrion or many mitochondria.

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Cytoplasm

Animal Cell

Cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid made up of cytosol, which fills the inside of a cell.
It holds and supports organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria while allowing molecules and nutrients to move throughout the cell, aiding its function.
All cells—plant, animal, bacteria, and more—contain cytoplasm.

Mitochondria

Animal Cell

Mitochondria are bean-shaped organelles found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
They are known as the "powerhouses of the cell" because they produce energy.
Mitochondria use oxygen and glucose to produce ATP (energy) through cellular respiration.
Cells that need more energy, like muscle cells, have more mitochondria.
Mitochondrion" is singular, while "mitochondria" is plural, meaning one cell can have one mitochondrion or many mitochondria.

Nucleus

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that holds DNA, which contains the instructions for building proteins and directing cell activities like growth and reproduction.
The nucleus is found in eukaryotic cells (animals, plants, fungi, and protists), while prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) lack a nucleus, with their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm.

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Mitochondria

Animal Cell

Mitochondria are bean-shaped organelles found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
They are known as the "powerhouses of the cell" because they produce energy.
Mitochondria use oxygen and glucose to produce ATP (energy) through cellular respiration.
Cells that need more energy, like muscle cells, have more mitochondria.
Mitochondrion" is singular, while "mitochondria" is plural, meaning one cell can have one mitochondrion or many mitochondria.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Animal Cell

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of folded membranes found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
It helps make and transport materials within the cell.
The rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and is responsible for making proteins.
The smooth ER has no ribosomes and is responsible for producing lipids (fats).

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Animal Cell

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of folded membranes found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
It helps make and transport materials within the cell.
The rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and is responsible for making proteins.
The smooth ER has no ribosomes and is responsible for producing lipids (fats).

Nucleus

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that holds DNA, which contains the instructions for building proteins and directing cell activities like growth and reproduction.
The nucleus is found in eukaryotic cells (animals, plants, fungi, and protists), while prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) lack a nucleus, with their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm.

Vacuoles

Animal Cell

A vacuole is a membrane-bound storage sac found in plant, animal, fungal, and protist cells.
It holds water, nutrients, and waste until they are used or removed.

Animal cells have multiple small vacuoles for storage and waste management.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Animal Cell

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of folded membranes found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
It helps make and transport materials within the cell.
The rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and is responsible for making proteins.
The smooth ER has no ribosomes and is responsible for producing lipids (fats).

Vacuoles

Animal Cell

A vacuole is a membrane-bound storage sac found in plant, animal, fungal, and protist cells.
It holds water, nutrients, and waste until they are used or removed.

Animal cells have multiple small vacuoles for storage and waste management.

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Cytoplasm

Animal Cell

Cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid made up of cytosol, which fills the inside of a cell.
It holds and supports organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria while allowing molecules and nutrients to move throughout the cell, aiding its function.
All cells—plant, animal, bacteria, and more—contain cytoplasm.

Mitochondria

Animal Cell

Mitochondria are bean-shaped organelles found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
They are known as the "powerhouses of the cell" because they produce energy.
Mitochondria use oxygen and glucose to produce ATP (energy) through cellular respiration.
Cells that need more energy, like muscle cells, have more mitochondria.
Mitochondrion" is singular, while "mitochondria" is plural, meaning one cell can have one mitochondrion or many mitochondria.

Mitochondria

Animal Cell

Mitochondria are bean-shaped organelles found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
They are known as the "powerhouses of the cell" because they produce energy.
Mitochondria use oxygen and glucose to produce ATP (energy) through cellular respiration.
Cells that need more energy, like muscle cells, have more mitochondria.
Mitochondrion" is singular, while "mitochondria" is plural, meaning one cell can have one mitochondrion or many mitochondria.

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Animal Cell

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of folded membranes found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
It helps make and transport materials within the cell.
The rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and is responsible for making proteins.
The smooth ER has no ribosomes and is responsible for producing lipids (fats).

Nucleus

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that holds DNA, which contains the instructions for building proteins and directing cell activities like growth and reproduction.
The nucleus is found in eukaryotic cells (animals, plants, fungi, and protists), while prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) lack a nucleus, with their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm.

Nucleus

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that holds DNA, which contains the instructions for building proteins and directing cell activities like growth and reproduction.
The nucleus is found in eukaryotic cells (animals, plants, fungi, and protists), while prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) lack a nucleus, with their DNA floating freely in the cytoplasm.

Vacuoles

Animal Cell

A vacuole is a membrane-bound storage sac found in plant, animal, fungal, and protist cells.
It holds water, nutrients, and waste until they are used or removed.

Animal cells have multiple small vacuoles for storage and waste management.

Cytoplasm

Animal Cell

Cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid made up of cytosol, which fills the inside of a cell.
It holds and supports organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria while allowing molecules and nutrients to move throughout the cell, aiding its function.
All cells—plant, animal, bacteria, and more—contain cytoplasm.

Cell Membrane

Animal Cell

The cell membrane is a thin, flexible layer around the outside of the cell.
It controls what enters and leaves the cell, acting like a security gate.
It helps the cell maintain homeostasis, keeping the internal environment stable by regulating the balance of nutrients, water, and waste..
All plant, animal, and other living cells have a cell membrane.

Close-up of the cell membrane's flexible layer that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Vacuoles

Animal Cell

A vacuole is a membrane-bound storage sac found in plant, animal, fungal, and protist cells.
It holds water, nutrients, and waste until they are used or removed.

Animal cells have multiple small vacuoles for storage and waste management.

Cytoplasm

Animal Cell

Cytoplasm is a gel-like fluid made up of cytosol, which fills the inside of a cell.
It holds and supports organelles like the nucleus and mitochondria while allowing molecules and nutrients to move throughout the cell, aiding its function.
All cells—plant, animal, bacteria, and more—contain cytoplasm.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Animal Cell

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a network of folded membranes found in plant, animal, fungi, and protist cells (all eukaryotic cells).
It helps make and transport materials within the cell.
The rough ER has ribosomes on its surface and is responsible for making proteins.
The smooth ER has no ribosomes and is responsible for producing lipids (fats).

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Animal Cells- Virginia LS

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Transcript

Begin

Select the microscope to view magnified animal cells.

Select one of the animal cells.

Within a cell, there are many tiny parts, each playing a crucial role in keeping the cell functioning properly. Let’s build a model of an animal cell to better understand these parts.

Select the cell membraneto continue.

Select the cell's cytoplasm.

Select the cell's nucleus to continue.

Select the cell's endoplasmic reticulum.

Select one of the mitochondria.

Select one of the vacuoles.

Great job on building the animal cell model! Now, let's check for understanding.

Review Question 1 of 10

Review Question 2 of 10

Review Question 3 of 10

Review Question 4 of 10

Review Question 5 of 10

Review Question 6 of 10

Review Question 7 of 10

Review Question 8 of 10

Review Question 9 of 10

Review Question 10 of 10

Great job learning about animal cells! Each part has a specific role in keeping the cell—and the whole animal—alive and functioning. By working together, these organelles help the animal gain energy, maintain balance, and stay healthy.

Cell Membrane

Vacuoles

Cytoplasm

Vacuoles

Cytoplasm

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Nucleus

Mitochondria

Cytoplasm

Vacuoles

Cell Membrane

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Cell Membrane

Nucleus

Cell Membrane

Mitochondria

Cytoplasm

Nucleus

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Cytoplasm

Mitochondria

Cell Membrane

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Cytoplasm

Vacuoles

Nucleus

Cytoplasm

Cell Membrane

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Mitochondria

Nucleus

Cytoplasm

Mitochondria

Mitochondria

Cytoplasm

Cell Membrane

Mitochondria

Cytoplasm

Cell Membrane

Cell Membrane

Cell Membrane