The Permian Period

The Permian Period

The Permian Period was a period of dramatic endings, climate change, and evolution that prepared the way for the Mesozoic era's dominance of reptiles and, subsequently, dinosaurs. It created the ancestors of mammals, altered the planet's topography, and culminated in the most devastating extinction event in history.

Permian Period

Extinction

The World

Fun Facts :D

Organisms

What was the World Like?

Supercontinent Pangaea: The entire landmass of Earth was combined into a single supercontinent known as Pangaea, which was encircled by the enormous Panthalassa ocean. Climate: The early Permian was warm and humid, but as the period went on, much of the land became arid and desert-like because of Pangaea's enormous size, which restricted the movement of moisture inland. Atmosphere: Large arthropods and reptiles were supported by oxygen levels that were higher than they are today but somewhat lower than they were during the Carboniferous period that preceded it. As carbon dioxide levels rose, warming trends were exacerbated.

How long did it last?

How much time did it last? The Permian Period, which began 298.9 million years ago (MYA) and ended 251.9 MYA, lasted roughly 47 million years. It marked the end of the Paleozoic Era and the beginning of the Mesozoic Era, when dinosaurs first appeared. What Kind of Division of Time Is It categorized as? The Permian, which ended the Paleozoic Era and occurred during the Phanerozoic Eon, is categorized as a geological period. One of the most catastrophic mass extinctions in Earth's history occurred during this period of profound environmental and evolutionary change.

Extinction

What Happened?

Approximately 70 percent of terrestrial vertebrates and 90 to 96 percent of all marine species went extinct. Causes: Climate change is a result of massive volcanic eruptions in Siberia that released massive amounts of carbon dioxide. Marine life was destroyed by ocean acidification and global warming. The greenhouse effect was exacerbated by the release of methane from ocean sediments. Marine death was widespread as a result of ocean anoxia, or oxygen depletion. The rise of the dinosaurs during the Mesozoic Era was made possible by this event, which altered life on Earth.

Fun Facts!

• Mammals are directly descended from synapsids, especially therapsids. Some might have been warm-blooded, and some even had whiskers!
• Massive glaciers existed in the late Carboniferous, just before the Permian. A new world was shaped in part by the Permian warming trend.
• The sail-backed predator Dimetrodon is more closely related to mammals than to dinosaurs, despite the fact that many people mistake it for one.
• Meganeura, a dragonfly with a wingspan of more than two feet, was one of the enormous insects that dominated the skies prior to the Permian! These enormous insects vanished as the oxygen content decreased.

• Since all land was connected, species spread all over the world. However, as climates dried out, the conditions of the desert forced adaptations, which resulted in the emergence of new, hardy reptiles.

Organisms that lived during the Permian

Land

Terrestrial life was dominated by synapsids, which are early relatives of mammals. One such species was the sail-backed predator Dimetrodon. Protorothyridids and other early true reptiles adapted to drier environments.

Sea

After thriving for millions of years, trilobites were becoming less common.Ammonites, the ancestors of squids, and enormous bony fish flourished.Early mollusks and sponges dominated coral reefs.