The United Kingdom

The United Kingdom

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Introduction

Northern Ireland

Scotland

Wales

England

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The United Kingdom is a country of western Europe. It is made up of four parts: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The capital city is London in the southeastern of England. The official language is English. The official flag is the Union Jack.

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The country is a constitutional monarchy, which means the reigning king or queen is the head of state but doesn’t have any real political power. Queen Elizabeth II served longer than any other monarch. She died in September 2022, and her son Charles then became king.

England is the largest of the four parts of the country called the United Kingdom. The capital city is London. Its flag is white with a red cross. The symbol of England is a red rose. The patron is Saint George.

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Wales is in the west of Britain. The capital and main commercial and financial centre is Cardiff. The Welsh flag has a picture of a dragon. The symbols are a daffodil and a leek. The patron saint is Saint David.

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Scotland is in the north of Britain. The capital city of Scotland is Edinburgh but the largest city is Glasgow. The flag is a white cross on a blue background. The symbol is thistle. The patron saint is St Andrew.

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Northern Ireland is a part of Ireland, an island west of Britain. The capital of Northern Ireland is Belfast. The flag is a red cross on a white background. The symbol is a shamrock. The saint patron is St Patrick.

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