Where Is It? Game

WHO AM I...?

IDENTIFY ISRAEL'S PLANTS & SEEDS OF INNOVATION ...

NOTE: PLEASE SELECT THIS IMAGE ON THE TOP RIGHT OF EACH PAGE TO HIGHLIGHT ALL INTERACTIVE ELEMENTS.

Tap the question marks to uncover the startup, and click the region name where its headquarter is based for fascinating insights.

Which Israeli startup company invented solar panels on a roll and is revolutionizing the solar energy industry with its lightweight, flexible, and versatile technology?

01

North?

APOLLO POWER

Center?

AGRI - LIGHT ENERGY SYSTEMS

South?

SOLUTUM

On a roll: Oded Rozenberg, CEO of this Israeli startup company, with the patented flexible solar panels.

APOLLO POWER

right!

A solar sidewalk at Amazon, France charges workers’ electric bikes.

Founded in 2014 by CEO Oded Rosenberg and CTO Eran Mimon, Apollo is an innovative energy company that has developed flexible, lightweight, and durable energy films to transform surfaces into power sources, challenging traditional solar technology. As Rosenberg explains, traditional solar panels are heavy and costly due to fragile silicon wafers needing glass protection. Apollo’s solution, inspired by Mimon’s earlier invention of photovoltaic paint, eliminates the need for glass and creates fully flexible solar panels. After four years of research at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Apollo created a material as efficient as silicon but with the added benefit of flexibility. The company now produces various solar panel formats, including rolls, mats, pavements, and floating panels for reservoirs.

Apollo built this floating solar farm on a reservoir in northern Israel.

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שקד מצוי ALMOND TREE

שקד מצוי ALMOND TREE

North?

תמר מצוי DATE TREE

Tap the question marks to uncover where these trees grow, and click the region name for fascinating insights.

02

Which tree, admired for its early blooms that signify the arrival of Spring, is a symbol of renewal and hope in Israeli culture?

North?

שקד מצוי ALMOND TREE

Center?

תמר מצוי DATE TREE

South?

right!

שקד מצוי ALMOND TREE

Tu BiShevat, the New Year of Trees, is celebrated on the 15th of Shevat שבט in the Jewish calendar. This holiday, known as "Chag HaIlanot" (Ilan-אילן = tree), marks the beginning of the spring bloom in Israel, when trees start to sprout and produce fruit. It has been observed since Temple times to calculate the age of fruit-bearing trees, which is important for certain agricultural laws outlined in the Mishnah. The almond tree produces edible seeds encased in a hard shell. While it flowers early, it takes about five to six months for the fruit to ripen. Almonds are highly nutritious, containing around 60% oil, though wild almonds typically have a low percentage of sweet fruit. In terms of longevity, the almond tree can regenerate after being cut down. Since the tree is a hybrid of two species (a sweet almond grafted onto a bitter one), the flavor of the fruit depends on where the tree is cut. If the cut is above the graft, the fruit remains sweet; if below, it becomes bitter. This process symbolizes renewal and resilience.

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APOLLO POWER

AGRI - LIGHT ENERGY SYSTEMS

SOLUTUM

Who blooms in August across Israel and relies on energy stored in a large underground bulb to survive the dry summer, while also using chemical defenses to protect itself from herbivores?

Tap the question marks to uncover where these flowers grow, and click the region name for fascinating insights.

03

North?

חצב Sea Squill

Center?

צבעוני

Tulip

South?

A butterfly pollinating a Sea Squill Photo by Rotem Bar

SEA SQUILL CHATZAV חצב

right!

The Sea Squill (Drimia aphylla) is blooming during August gloriously across the land as a hopeful harbinger of autumn.It collects water in a very large bulb underground during the winter and then, in the harsh dry summer season, it utilizes the energy from the sugars collected during wintertime. The sea squill is related to the onion, which also collects and stores energy and uses “chemical warfare” to protect itself from predators and microbes.Just as onions causes your eyes to burn when you chop them, sea squill leaves contain burning needle-like crystals. The Hebrew word for Sea Squill is Chatzav, from the root meaning “to chisel” because this hardy flower chisels itself into rock. They have a slight scent and an amazingly long flowering stem that can reach a meter 80 [6 feet] tall. The Society for the Protection of Nature in Israel is using Sea Squill in its "living roof" systems to address climate and environmental challenges in urban areas. For example, 2,000 Sea Squill bulbs were planted on the roof of the Jack, Joseph and Morton Mandel Foundation's Jerusalem headquarters. Unlike traditional green roofs, living roofs do not need irrigation, relying solely on annual winter rainfall for nourishment.

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שקד מצוי ALMOND TREE

שקד מצוי ALMOND TREE

תמר מצוי DATE TREE

Tap the question marks to uncover where these trees grow, and click the region name for fascinating insights.

Which evergreen tree in the legume family produces a fruit that takes a year to ripen and can be harvested, dried, toasted, and processed into a powder or syrup?

04

North?

חרוב

Center?

CAROB TREE

אלון תבור

MT. TABOR OAK

South?

CAROB TREE חרוב מצוי

right!

The carob tree, native to Israel and the Mediterranean, can grow up to 15 meters tall with a broad, semi-spherical crown and sturdy branches. It is an evergreen tree in the legume family. The carob fruit, a legume, takes a year to ripen. Today, the ripe pods, which are mildly sweet, are harvested, dried, and processed into carob powder or syrup, often used as a chocolate substitute in cakes and cookies. The Hebrew word for carob is "Charuv," and the dried pods are traditionally eaten on Tu Bishvat. The Romans called the carob pods "Egyptian Fig" or "Date" for their natural sweetness. Fun facts: * Carob seeds are used to produce locust bean gum, a food industry thickener. * The term "carat" for measuring diamonds originates from the use of carob seeds as a standardized weight measurement in ancient times, with one seed equaling roughly 200 milligrams, the typical weight of small diamonds. Thus, a diamond weighing the same as one carob bean was said to be one carat, two carob beans equals two carats, and so on.

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Tap the question marks to uncover the startup, and click the region name where its headquarter is based for fascinating insights.

What startup company is utilizing the Agrivoltaics method, combining agriculture and solar energy generation, to address global food security and renewable energy needs simultaneously?

05

North?

APOLLO POWER

Center?

AGRI - LIGHT ENERGY SYSTEMS

South?

SOLUTUM

A hybrid method producing crops and solar energy on the same plot

AGRI-LIGHT ENERGY SYSTEMS

right!

Agri-Light Energy Systems Ltd. has developed A Unique Solar Tracking System based on a proprietary Agri-voltaic Algorithm that enables dual usage of land, by managing the level of radiation to optimize the generation of electricity, and at the same time optimize crop cultivation and its yield. Agri-Voltaics is co-developing the same area of land for both photovoltaic power and food production . This method maximizes land use with the proper placement of photo voltaic panels over crops; producing renewable energy while providing specific amounts of sunlight and reducing water consumption. Agri-Light’s patented technology uses distributed sensors and two-axis sun tracking to balance sunlight and shade for the crops without compromising electricity production. One axis positions the solar panels horizontally above the crops, and the other changes the panels’ angle to catch rays optimally.

Clean Energy

Food Security

Reducing water consumption

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שקד מצוי ALMOND TREE

תמר מצוי DATE TREE

שקד מצוי ALMOND TREE

Tap the question marks to uncover where these flowers grow, and click the region name for fascinating insights.

Which plant from the Narcissus family features vibrant yellow flowers that bloom in autumn, prior to the appearance of its leaves?

06

North?

חלמונית גדולה

Center?

STERNBERGIA CLUSIANA

אירוס

Iris

South?

STERNBERGIA CLUSIANA, AUTUMN CROCUS חלמונית גדולה

right!

Lahav forest.

Sternbergia Clusiana חלמונית גדולה is a large-bulbous plant from the Narcissus family, distinguished by its striking yellow flowers that bloom in autumn, before the leaves appear. The flowers arise from a short underground peduncle, rather than directly from the bulb. In Israel, flowering typically occurs between October and December, peaking in November. The narrow, slightly curled, greenish-gray leaves emerge after flowering and are concentrated at the base of the flower stalk.Sternbergia Clusiana חלמונית גדולה can be spotted at Lahav Forest and Yatir Forest. Sternbergia , named for Graf (Count) Kaspar Sternberg (1761-1838), a botanist and writer. Clusiana, named in honour of Carolus Clusius (1526–1609), seigneur de Watènes, Flemish doctor and pioneering botanist. The Hebrew name: חלמונית, Helmonit ,from חלמון, Helmon (= yolk).

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photo by Klil Adar/KKL-JNF

Tap the question marks to uncover the startup, and click the region name where its headquarter is based for fascinating insights.

Which startup company, led by Sharon Barak as Founder and President, is aiming to mitigate the environmental harms caused by flexible packaging while maintaining performance and cost-effectiveness?

07

North?

TIPA

CONTRIBUTING TO 6 OUT OF 17 SDGs

Center?

SOLUTUM

Development of better single-use plastic alternative utilizing existing infrastructure

Eliminate microplastic generated from single-use plastic from the food chain

Reduction of spending on environmental damage caused by single-use plastic

Decoupling of economic growth from single-use plastic pollution growth

South?

MELODEA

Eliminate single-use plastic pollution in waterways and oceans

Reduce leakage of single-use plastic to land

SOLUTUM

right!

Sharon Barak, inspired by the idea of creating durable, biodegradable packaging that dissolves in water over time, co-founded Solutum in 2017. The company harnesses natural microbes to decompose its packaging into harmless components, leaving no toxic residues or microplastics behind. Solutum’s products are perfect for single-use applications and can be produced on existing production lines, making them an affordable and sustainable solution for companies looking to improve their environmental impact. Recently, Solutum partnered with Pester Pac Automation to supply biodegradable packaging options to pharmaceutical manufacturers.

photo by Klil Adar/KKL-JNF

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שקד מצוי ALMOND TREE

CYCLAMEN PERSICUM רקפת מצויה

Tap the question marks to uncover where these flowers grow, and click the region name for fascinating insights.

What flower is known for its elegant blooms that curve downward on long stems, with petals that fold backward when fully opened, creating a unique and striking appearance?

08

North?

רקפת

מרווה

CYCLAMEN PERSICUM

Salvia verbenaca

Center?

South?

CYCLAMEN PERSICUM רקפת מצויה

right!

Judean Mountains, Eshtaol Forest

The Common Cyclamen, Rakefet רקפת מצויה can be found in various regions of Israel, including the Golan, Hermon, Galilee, Mediterranean coast, Upper Jordan Valley, Northern Valleys, Gilboa, Carmel, Samarian Mountains, Samarian Desert, Judean Mountains, Judean Desert, Dead Sea Valley, Sharon, Shefela, Northern Negev, Negev Hills, and Eilat, as well as the Jordan Valley. One notable location is Cyclamen Hill in the Gilad Forest. In dry environments, they can begin flowering as early as October. The Common Cyclamen is known for its extraordinary beauty, each bloom features a long stem with its upper part curving downwards. The flower itself also faces downward, but when it opens, its petals fold backward, giving it a distinctive appearance. Each bloom lasts about three weeks, but a single tuber can produce flowers one after another, resulting in a prolonged blooming period. While its beauty is renowned, the cyclamen's resilience also deserves recognition. It thrives in tough conditions, sometimes growing at the edge of deserts or in rocky soil. Its unique shape—bent down with backward-folding petals—plays an important ecological role, guiding pollinating insects to the flower.

Cyclamen. Photograph: Ilan Schaham, KKL-JNF

photo by Klil Adar/KKL-JNF

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Where in Israel were the barley grains, dating back to the Chalcolithic period 6,000 years ago, found, and how do they contribute to our understanding of ancient plant genomes?

Tap the question marks to uncover the location, and click the region name for fascinating insights.

09

North?

CARMEL FOREST

Center?

STALACTITE CAVE NATURE RESERVE

South?

A REMOTE CAVE NEAR MASADA

YORAM CAVE NEAR MASADA

right!

Israeli and international researchers have sequenced the oldest plant genome, from barley grains dating back 6,000 years to the Chalcolithic period, published in Nature Genetics. The barley grains were found in Yoram Cave near Israel's Masada fortress. The well-preserved seeds were analyzed using DNA extraction and radiocarbon dating. This genome sequencing provides insights into early crop domestication, particularly barley, which was cultivated in the Fertile Crescent over 10,000 years ago. The ancient barley differs genetically from today's wild forms, but shares traits with modern domesticated barley, indicating the advanced stage of domestication at the time. Researchers suggest that barley domestication began in the Upper Jordan Valley, not the desert region where the seeds were found. This breakthrough paves the way for more studies on the origins and spread of crop plants.

Left, well-preserved plant remains found in Yoram Cave; right, a desiccated barley grain retrieved from the site. Photos by Uri Davidovich

Cyclamen. Photograph: Ilan Schaham, KKL-JNF

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photo by Klil Adar/KKL-JNF

Tap the question marks to uncover the location, and click the region name for fascinating insights.

Where were the ancient date palm seeds, dating from between 155 BC and 64 CE, found, and what was the environment like that helped preserve them for over two millennia?

10

North?

CARMEL FOREST

Center?

Morphology of seven germinated ancient date palm seeds found in Israel

STALACTITE CAVE NATURE RESERVE

South?

A REMOTE CAVE NEAR MASADA

A view of the excavations in Israel. photo: Yossi Zamir

Excavations at Herod the Great's palace on Masada, Israel, in 1963–1965, uncovered a jar with preserved date palm seeds.

right!

Between 1963 and 1965, excavations at Herod the Great's palace on Masada, Israel, uncovered a jar containing date palm seeds that had been preserved for millennia in a dry, sheltered environment. Radiocarbon dating revealed the seeds were from 155 BC to 64 CE. These seeds were stored for 40 years at Bar-Ilan University. In 2005, Dr. Sarah Sallon initiated a project to germinate some of these ancient seeds. She convinced the Hebrew University of Jerusalem to provide some seeds for experimentation. Dr. Elaine Solowey of the Arava Institute for Environmental Studies successfully sprouted several seeds by slowly hydrating them and treating them with a solution of fertilizer and growth hormone. The first sprouted plant was named "Methuselah," after the longest-lived person in the Bible.

Left, well-preserved plant remains found in Yoram Cave; right, a desiccated barley grain retrieved from the site. Photos by Uri Davidovich

Dates growing on Hannah, a tree germinated from ancient seeds in Israel. Photo: Marcos Schonholz

Cyclamen. Photograph: Ilan Schaham, KKL-JNF

photo by Klil Adar/KKL-JNF

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How many Desalination Plants have been developed along Israel's Mediterranean coastline, and how have they impacted the country’s freshwater resources and its geopolitical influence in the region?

Tap the question marks to uncover the number of Desalination Plants, and click the region name for fascinating insights.

11

North?

Center?

South?

A desalination plant in Ashkelon

THERE ARE 5 DESALINATIONS PLANTS IN ISRAEL: SOREK, HADERA, ASHKELON, ASHDOD, AND PALMACHIM

right!

Israel is a global leader in water recycling, with 70% of its wastewater and sewage being recycled. Israel has also advanced in desalination technologies, which remove salts from seawater in recent years. There are two main desalination methods: * Evaporation: Water is gradually evaporated while passing through several chambers, where pressure and temperature decline gradually. In each chamber certain amount of water evaporates while the salts remain in the remaining water. The water with the salts is returned to the sea as brine. The water vapor undergoes condensation process at the end of which we get desalinated water. * Reverse Osmosis: In this process salt water is pressed against membranes which allow only water to pass through while preventing passage of salts. Water passing through such membranes is desalinated water. Water remaining in the solution is brine removed to the sea or to authorized disposal sites.

Left, well-preserved plant remains found in Yoram Cave; right, a desiccated barley grain retrieved from the site. Photos by Uri Davidovich

Cyclamen. Photograph: Ilan Schaham, KKL-JNF

Ashkelon desalination plant

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photo by Klil Adar/KKL-JNF

AGRI - LIGHT ENERGY SYSTEMS

APOLLO POWER

Tap the question marks to uncover the location, and click the region name for fascinating insights.

What is the significance of the Shvil Ha'Chavazelot (שביל החבצלות) walking trail, located near Moshav Idan in the Arava, and who was it inaugurated in memory of?

12

North?

In memory of Ohad Cohen,IDF Special Unit Soldier

In memory of Zvika Kaplan, IDF Special Unit Soldier

Center?

South?

שביל החבצלות" בערבה(צילום: יובל פלאוט)"

In memory of the late Ohad Cohen (20), a Shaldag שלדג IDF special unit soldier who fell in the battle of Kibbutz Bari on October 7, 2023

right!

The "Lily Trail," inaugurated in November 2024 near Moshav Idan, honors the late Ohad Cohen, a 20-year-old Shaldag unit soldier who fell in the battle of Kibbutz Bari on October 7, 2023. Ohad, a Moshav Idan resident, was among the first to arrive in the area during the battle. The trail, marked with the help of his family and the community, is dedicated to his love for the desert and hiking. It features a commemorative sign with his life story and a quote he cherished: "In every crisis or challenge, I like to go to the desert, near my home, and face it alone with my personal truth."The 2.5 km circular path winds through the Marl Cliffs, showcasing Negev lilies in bloom from late October to mid-November. The trail offers stunning views of the Idan River, acacia trees, Hazra Ridge, and Moshav Idan’s date plantations, with informational signs about the area’s geology and a water station for hike.

לוחם שלדג אהד (בודי) כהן ז"ל(צילום: אלבום משפחתי)

Cyclamen. Photograph: Ilan Schaham, KKL-JNF

photo by Klil Adar/KKL-JNF

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A REMOTE CAVE NEAR MASADA

AGRI - LIGHT ENERGY SYSTEMS

APOLLO POWER

Where is the "Darom Adom" "דרום אדום" Festival held each February, which this year is named "Our Heart Is In The South," "דרום בלב" and what natural phenomenon does it celebrate?

13

North?

Center?

South?

Kalaniyot in the Be’eri nature reserve. (Luke Tress/Times of Israel)

The Daron Adom Festival, held each February in the northern Negev, features the vibrant bloom of Israel's national flower, the red anemone כלניות

right!

The Darom Adom Festival in the Northen Negev, held each February, celebrates the stunning bloom of red anemones that transform the region’s landscapes into a vibrant sea of color.The festival is offering activities like guided tours, hiking and mountain bikes trails, concerts, art exhibitions, and local food tastings. The festival, which draws thousands each year, was conceived by Ofir Libstein, the late head of the Sha'ar Hanegev Regional Council. His vision was to highlight the region’s natural beauty and bring attention to its cultural significance. Tragically, Libstein was killed during the Hamas attack on October 7, 2023, while defending his kibbutz, Kfar Aza. He was the first victim of the attack whose name was publicly released. His 19-year-old son, Nitzan, was later found dead after being missing for 12 days. Today, the Darom Adom Festival serves as a powerful tribute to Libstein's legacy, honoring his dedication to the region and the spirit of resilience that continues to define the people of Sha'ar Hanegev. The 2025 Darom Adom Festival, this year titled "The South Is In Our Hearts," will dedicate its events to the hostages held captive in Gaza and honor the lives lost—both civilians and soldiers—since the October 7, 2023, Hamas's brutal attacks. The theme reflects solidarity with the region and a commitment to remembering the profound sacrifices made. This year’s festival stands as a tribute to the strength and resilience of the local communities while acknowledging the ongoing grief and loss, as people come together to honor the fallen and support one another in the healing process.

Cyclamen. Photograph: Ilan Schaham, KKL-JNF

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photo by Klil Adar/KKL-JNF

Anemones כלניות in southern Israel. Photo: Nati Shohat

THE NORTH OF ISRAEL

The northern part of Israel, called the Galil (Galilee in English), is bounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Lebanon to the north, Syria to the northeast, and Jordan to the east. After the destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple by the Romans, the ancient rabbis settled largely in the Galil and created a form of community in which Jewish law (halacha) and study of Torah infused all aspects of daily life. In many ways, Jewish text became the new “land,” and because it was portable, Jews brought this rabbinic paradigm with them to all the countries of the Jewish diaspora. In the 16th century, Jews who were expelled from the thriving Jewish center of Spain settled on the Galil mountaintop of Tzfat and developed a new form of Jewish mysticism. The kabbalists (Jewish mystics) believed that every mitzvah (commandment) a Jew performs helps to heal the cosmos. Many Jewish rituals that have become mainstream today, including the traditional Friday night prayer service (Kabbalat Shabbat) and the Tu B’Shevat seder, have their origins in the communal vision of the Tzfat kabbalists. At the beginning of the 20th century, groups of young people who mostly rejected rabbinic Judaism (yet still sought some form of Jewish collective living) immigrated from Europe to the Galil to found the first kibbutzim. These people are known as the pioneers (in Hebrew, halutzim), and the Jewish community they formed was built on radical equality and a belief that the land can be redeemed and the Jewish spirit reclaimed through physical labor.

Cities in the Galil include:

• Haifa, a mixed Jewish-Arab city built on a mountain overlooking the Mediterranean.
• Tiberias, built on the shore of Lake Kinneret, the largest Jewish city in the time of the Mishnah and Talmud (2nd-6thcenturies C.E.), adjacent to Christian holy sites where Jesus lived and taught.
• Tzfat or Safed, a small mountaintop city that has served as a center of kabbalah (Jewish mysticism) since the 16th century.

The Galil features many Jewish collective settlements.Kibbutzim, Moshavim, and Yishuvim — and Arab villages. The majestic Mount Hermon rises in the northeast corner of the Galil, and extending southward from the mountain to the base of Lake Kinneret is the Golan Heights.

Mount Hermon

THE CENTRAL PART OF ISRAEL

The central region of Israel, known as the Merkaz (Center), encompasses Tel Aviv, Jerusalem, and surrounding cities like Netanya, Herzliya, and Rishon LeTzion, home to 80% of the population.Jerusalem and Tel Aviv, just 45 minutes apart, represent two contrasting aspects of Israeli identity. Jerusalem is ancient, the “eternal city” and the spiritual heart of Judaism. It is home to the Kotel, where Jews gather to pray, and the city’s stone buildings, religious sites, and Jewish institutions reflect its role as Israel’s religious and political capital.In contrast, Tel Aviv is modern and cosmopolitan, founded in 1909 on the Mediterranean coast. A hub of business, culture, and innovation, it is known for its vibrant arts scene, culinary and progressive values.Tel Aviv represents a more secular, independent Jewish identity, where individuals are free to explore new cultural and social expressions.

TEL AVIV

JERUSALEM

THE SOUTH OF ISRAEL

The southern part of Israel, called the Negev (in Hebrew, negev means “dry”), is the desert region that begins in the Judean Hills near Jerusalem and extends to the southernmost point of Israel. The Negev desert comprises about 55% of Israel’s land mass. Have you watched a desert sunset? Or hiked in a desert crater? The stark beauty, the absolute silence — these are desert experiences that have long inspired humanity to feel connected to something in this world and, at the same time, beyond this world. The desert, with all its beauty and power, is part of the Jewish people’s DNA. In Jewish tradition, Abraham came to the Negev desert as part of his spiritual journey, and he and Sarah opened their tent to strangers. The Israelites wandered in the desert for 40 years and, as free people, received an ethical blueprint through a wilderness revelation. It is in this boundless, sometimes brutal, always awesome space that the Jewish people learned about freedom and limits, about exaltation and humility. When visitors come to the Negev, they can squint and imagine — riffing on the Bible—that that bush once burned or that that rock once gushed with water. Nowadays they can also marvel at how human ingenuity has created sustainable settlements in the middle of the Negev — kibbutzim with beautiful landscapes and thriving agriculture, towns with culture and tourism, all reflecting the vision of Israel’s first prime minister, David Ben-Gurion, who called on Jews everywhere to “come to the Negev and make it bloom.”

Cities in the Negev include:

• Beer Sheva, the capital of the Negev, built on an ancient site described in the biblical stories of Abraham and Isaac.
• Dimona and Yerucham, development towns established in the 1950s to house primarily North African immigrants.
• Mitzpe Ramon, a development town turned tourist town, perched on the magnificent Ramon Crater, the world’s largest erosion crater.
• Eilat, a resort town on the Red Sea at the southern tip of Israel.

04

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THE NORTH OF ISRAEL

The northern region of Israel, known as the Galil (Galilee), is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Lebanon to the north, Syria to the northeast, and Jordan to the east. It has historically been a center for various Jewish communal visions, where individual commitment to the collective gave life meaning. After the destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple by the Romans, the ancient rabbis settled in the Galil, creating a community where Jewish law and Torah study shaped everyday life. This rabbinic model, based on Jewish texts, became portable and spread throughout the Jewish diaspora. In the 16th century, Jews expelled from Spain settled in Tzfat, in the Galil, where they developed a new form of Jewish mysticism, Kabbalah. The kabbalists believed that performing mitzvot (commandments) could heal the cosmos. Many Jewish rituals, such as the Kabbalat Shabbat service and the Tu B’Shevat seder, originated in Tzfat. In the early 20th century, Jewish pioneers (halutzim) from Europe founded the first kibbutzim in the Galil, embracing collective living and equality.

Cities in the Galil include:

• Haifa, a mixed Jewish-Arab city built on a mountain overlooking the Mediterranean.
• Tiberias, built on the shore of Lake Kinneret, the largest Jewish city in the time of the Mishnah and Talmud (2nd-6thcenturies C.E.), adjacent to Christian holy sites where Jesus lived and taught.
• Tzfat or Safed, a small mountaintop city that has served as a center of kabbalah (Jewish mysticism) since the 16th century.

The Galil features many Jewish collective settlements —in Hebrew, Kibbutzim, Moshavim, and Yishuvim — and Arab villages. The majestic Mount Hermon rises in the northeast corner of the Galil, and extending southward from the mountain to the base of Lake Kinneret is the Golan Heights.

GREAT JOB!!!

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Consectetur adipiscing elit

carob female flowers

carob male flowers

carob female flowers

carob male flowers

Marl cliffs in Israel are geological formations made up of Marl, a type of sedimentary rock that is a mixture of clay and limestone. These cliffs are typically found in the Negev Desert and other arid regions of Israel. Marl is often associated with ancient marine environments, as it forms from the accumulation of clay, calcium carbonate, and other minerals in shallow, slow-moving water bodies. One of the notable areas where Marl Cliffs can be found is around Moshav Idan in the Arava Valley, near the Lily Trail. These cliffs have a distinctive appearance, with light-colored rock layers and pebbles and shards scattered on top, remnants of ancient periods. The unique geological features of Marl Cliffs create spectacular landscapes, making them popular for hiking and sightseeing. In addition to their geological importance, Marl Cliffs often support specific ecosystems. In the case of the Lily Trail, these cliffs are home to blooming Negev lilies, which thrive in the area's dry, sandy environments.

MARL CLIFF

carob female flowers

carob male flowers