2ESO Relative clauses

RELATIVE CLAUSES

WHY

WHAT

WHEN

RELATIVE PRONOUNS

WHO

THAT

WHERE

WHICH

WHOSE

RELATIVE PRONOUNS

THAT

WHOSE

WHO

THAT

THAT

PEOPLE

WHICH

WHICH

ANIMALS

OBJECTS

RELATIVE PRONOUNS

THAT

WHAT

WHEN

THAT

TIME

WHY

WHERE

REASON

PLACE

That is the woman who/that stole my purse.This is the girl whose car is blue.

PEOPLE

OBJECTS AND ANIMALS

This is the dog which/that bit me.I have the camera which/that Isabel bought yesterday.I play a lot with the cat which/that I've adopted.

Tell me about the time when/that you lived in Japan.I will never forget the day when/that I met Tom Cruise. Summer is the season when I'm happiest.

TIME

This is the school where I teach. We met at the library where we used to go every Friday.

Places

The reason why/that I'm at the library is that I have an important exam tomorrow.

REASON

DROPPING THE RELATIVE PRONOUNS

YOU CAN DROP

- WHO- THAT- WHICH- WHEN- WHY(We write them in brackets)

YOU CAN NEVER DROP

- WHOSE- WHERE- WHAT

DROPPING THE RELATIVE PRONOUNS

CONDITIONS TO DROP THE RELATIVE PRONOUN

Condition 1

- WHO- THAT- WHICH- WHEN- WHY

Condition 2

To be a defining clause (NO COMMAS).- The cat (which/that) I adopted. - The day (when/that) we met. - The woman (who/that) he married.

Condition 3

The relative pronoun is followed by a noun or a pronoun.- The cat (which/that) I adopted.- The day (when/that) we met. - The woman (who/that) the man married.

IF ANY OF THOSE THREE CONDITIONS ARE NOT FOLLOWED, YOU CANNOT DROP THE RELATIVE PRONOUNS.

Let's see some examples.

NEVER DROP THE RELATIVE PRONOUNS

DON'T DROP THE RELATIVE PRONOUN when...

Condition 1

- WHOSE- WHERE- WHAT

Condition 2

To be a non-defining clause (COMMAS).- The cat, which is black, bit me.- December, when Christmas is celebrated, is my favourite month.- The woman, who is wearing green, is my aunt.

Condition 3

The relative pronoun is followed by a verb.- The cat which/that is looking at me.- The woman who/that married my dad is wonderful.

- Additional information.- You CANNOT use "that".- You CANNOT drop the relative pronoun even if other conditions are followed.- Commas.

Non-defining (COMMAS)

Defining (NO COMMAS)

Defining vs. non-defining clauses

- Important information.- You can use "that" instead of "who", "which", "why" and "when".- You can drop the relative pronoun if other conditions are followed.- No commas.

CAN YOU USE "THAT" HERE?

John's mother, who lives in Scotland, has 6 grandchildren.

This is the place where I saw him the last time.

He gave me the letter which I kept in a blue envelope.

Yesterday I met a woman named Susan, whose husband works in London.

Do you know the musician who is playing the guitar?

Summer is the season when I'm happiest.

CAN YOU DROP THE RELATIVE PRONOUN HERE?

John's mother, who lives in Scotland, has 6 grandchildren.

This is the place where I saw him the last time.

He gave me the letter which/that I kept in a blue envelope.

Yesterday I met a woman named Susan, whose husband works in London.

Do you know the musician who/that is playing the guitar?

Summer is the season when I'm happiest.

whichever: let's see the zoo or the park, whichever you prefer.

OTHER WH-WORDS

whatever: I will do whatever I can to find a good hotel.

whoever: You can invite whoever you want.

Meaning: cualquier/ cualquiera/ cuando sea/ donde sea/el que sea...

wherever: with a citypass, you can travel wherever you want.

whenever: I can book a table for lunch whenever you want.

Any questions?