Want to create interactive content? It’s easy in Genially!

Get started free

Premature infants

Stacy Asante

Created on November 27, 2024

Start designing with a free template

Discover more than 1500 professional designs like these:

Academic Calendar January

Onboarding Deparment

Organizational Chart Microsite

Genial Storyboard Microsite

Genial Microsite

Akihabara Resume

Corporate Manual

Explore all templates

Transcript

RISKS AND COMPLICATIONS

pREMATURE INFANTS

GAME

process

cHAPTERS

cONTENT

Case study game

Choosing one of the complications that I went over and applying the nursing process

Covering some complications

minimal microsite / minimal microsite / minimal microsite

bACKGROUND

Infant = first 28 days of birth Premature = born before 37 weeks gestation - Late preterm - Early preterm

define premature infant

minimal microsite / minimal microsite / minimal microsite

SIgnificance to nursing

-Infant mortality rates -"5.61 per 1000" (Ely & Driscoll, 2024) -Costs -More responsibilty

- Lifestyle factors - Diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, preeclampsia, poor nutrition, smoking, alcohol, not receiving early prenatal care Pregnancy complications -Multiple pregnancies, infections, placental issues

Causes and risk factors for prematurity

minimal microsite / minimal microsite / minimal microsite

MATERNAL RISK FACTORS

Signs - Late - Bradypnea, - Bradycardia, - Cyanosis, - Intercostal retraction - Ox sat less than 95%

Respiratory Distress Syndrome
minimal microsite / minimal microsite / minimal microsite

RESPIRATORY

Signs - Early - Mental status change- Restlessness - Agitation- Dyspnea - nasal flaring - Grunting - Tachypnea - Diaphoresis - Accessory muscle use

Respiratory Distress Breathing Ex.

DX - Chest x- ray - Echocardiogram

TREATMENT- Breathing tube - Ventilator establish an open airway - Apply oxygen using CPAP or BIPAP, - Watch pulse ox - Surfactant administration

minimal microsite / minimal microsite / minimal microsite

RESPIRATORY

minimal microsite / minimal microsite / minimal microsite

QUESTION #1

00:30

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Signs- Continous machine like murmur, - Wide pulse pressure - Heart failure - Fatigue - Sweating

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

- Ductus Arteriosus - connects aorta to pulmonary artery

minimal microsite / minimal microsite / minimal microsite

CARDIOVASCULAR

Treatment - Indomethacin - Invasive surgery - Fluid restriction

Dx- Chest X- Ray - Echocardiogram

minimal microsite / minimal microsite / minimal microsite

CARDIOVASCULAR

minimal microsite / minimal microsite / minimal microsite

QUESTION #2

00:30

Grades-Grade 1 : Bleeding in a small area -Grade 2 : Bleeding in the ventricles -Grade 3 : Ventricles are engorged with blood -Grade 4 : Bleeding goes through the ventricles into surrounding tissue

Signs-Breathing pauses -Decreased muscle tone/ reflexes -Excessive sleep -Lethargy -Weak suck

Intraventricular Hemorrhage
minimal microsite / minimal microsite / minimal microsite

neurological

Hydracephalus - Blood vessels in brain rupture - Increased pressure

Treatment - Diuretics - Blood transfusion - Proper oxygen perfusion

DX- Ultrasound - CT scan - MRI

minimal microsite / minimal microsite / minimal microsite

NEUROLOGICAL

DX - Blood test - Fecal test - X Ray

Signs- Abdominal distension- hard and swollen - Diminished bowel sounds - Blood in stool - Feeding intolerance - Lethargy - Bradycardia - Apnea - Shock - Vomiting - Metabolic acidosis -

Necrotizing Enterocolitis
minimal microsite / minimal microsite / minimal microsite

GASTROINTESTINAL

Complications - Peritonitis - Bowel perforation

Treatment- NPO, TPN - Broad spectrum antibiotics - Resection surgery for bowel

Necrotizing Enterocolitis
minimal microsite / minimal microsite / minimal microsite

GASTROINTESTINAL

minimal microsite / minimal microsite / minimal microsite

QUESTION #3

00:30

DX -CBC - Urinalysis - Chest X - Ray - Ultrasound

Signs - Fever / low temperature - Tachycardia or bradycardia - SOB - Vomiting - Poor feeding / lack of proper weight gain - Swollen belly - Cold hands and feet - Seizures - Jaundice

Neonatal Sepsis
minimal microsite / minimal microsite / minimal microsite

IMMUNE

Complications - Intraventricular hemorrhage - DIC - Thrombocytopenia - Poor feeding - Development delays

Treatment- IV fluids - IV antibiotics - Supplemental oxygen - Blood pressure medications - Blood transfusions

minimal microsite / minimal microsite / minimal microsite

immune

minimal microsite / minimal microsite / minimal microsite

question #4

00:30

Key Interventions- Temperature regulation - Respiratory help - Appropriate nutrition - Infection prevention - NICU'S Role

minimal microsite / minimal microsite / minimal microsite

NURSING INTERVENTIONS

Info

GAME

process

cHAPTERS

cONTENT

Case study game

Choosing one of the complications that I went over and applying the nursing process

Covering some complication

Objective data-Vital signs - watch temperature and heart rate - Physical assessment - adbomen distention, diminished bowel sounds, tenderness, x-ray findings - Watch for blood in stool, tolerance for feeding

Assessment Subjective data- Ask parent about signs of pain - Ask about feeding - Ask about changes infant behavior

minimal microsite / minimal microsite / minimal microsite

NURSING PROCESS : NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS

Diagnosis- Imbalanced nutrition related to poor feeding as evidenced by not meeting weight milestones - Acute pain related to inflammation as evidenced by grimacing - Metabolic acidosis related to electrolyte imbalance as evidenced by vomiting

minimal microsite / minimal microsite / minimal microsite

NURSING PROCESS : NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS

Planning- Ensure patent airway - providing supplemental oxygen - Decrease adbominal distention - If bacterial infection is present - antibiotics - Provide nutrition via TPN - Providing clear education to the parents

minimal microsite / minimal microsite / minimal microsite

NURSING PROCESS : NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS

Implementation- Monitor Vital Signs - Provide ox if needed - IV fluids to correct metabolic acidosis - Implement NPO status, and TPN - Medication - antibiotics and analegsics - Infection control - hand hygiene

minimal microsite / minimal microsite / minimal microsite

NURSING PROCESS : NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS

Evaluation- Assess abdomen for reduced distension, improved bowel sounds - Assess for weight gain - Monitor electrolytes for resolved metabolic acidosis - Parents have understood education and know when to make additional appointment

minimal microsite / minimal microsite / minimal microsite

NURSING PROCESS : NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS

Patient Education- Signs to be reported - Understanding of NPO - Post discharge instructions

minimal microsite / minimal microsite / minimal microsite

NURSING PROCESS : NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS

GAME

process

cHAPTERS

cONTENT

Case study game

Choosing one of the complications that I went over and applying the nursing process

Covering some complications

Think that you figured it out?

Complete assessment (Hints)
Get Report
  • This is Sam Johnson, currently in the NICU
  • We are the current nurse responsible for his care
  • Goal : Assess and find out what complication is affecting the baby.
minimal microsite / minimal microsite / minimal microsite

GAME

minimal microsite / minimal microsite / minimal microsite

CASE STUDY Q#5

00:30

(2024). Aboutkidshealth.ca. https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/globalassets/assets/ivh_grade2_hus_medimg_pho_en.jpg?width=356&quality=60 ‌

Patent. (2023, March 16). Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) Recording & Waveform | Eko Health. YouTube. https://youtu.be/bqJIFMdxXoQ?si=_aIotUesz6YVlOW5 ‌

Medical Centric. (2021). Preterm Birth, Causes, Signs and Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment. In YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F_-WL_90a_A

Level Up RN. (2021). Respiratory Distress, BRUE/ALTE, SIDS - Pediatric Nursing - Respiratory Disorders | @LevelUpRN. In YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u4chw8EWZCg ‌

Ely, D. M., & Driscoll, A. K. (2024). Infant mortality in the United States, 2022: Data from the period linked birth/infant death file. ). ‌

minimal microsite / minimal microsite / minimal microsite

REFERENCES

Kim, F., Polin, R. A., & Hooven, T. A. (2020). Neonatal sepsis. BMJ, 371(371). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m3672

(2024). Bmj.com. https://ep.bmj.com/content/edpract/102/3/166/F1.large.jpg ‌

What Is Necrotizing Enterocolitis? (n.d.). WebMD. https://www.webmd.com/parenting/baby/what-is-necrotizing-enterocolitis ‌

Intraventricular Hemorrhage. (n.d.). Www.hopkinsmedicine.org. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/intraventricular-hemorrhage ‌

minimal microsite / minimal microsite / minimal microsite

REFERENCES

  • 34 weeks gestation, born 1 full day ago
  • SGA - weight is 1,200 g
  • Delivered due to maternal preeclampsia (c - section)
  • Displays feeding intolerance
  • Recently placed on NPO
  • Started on antibiotics

Sam's latest report

Lungs sounds Adominal sounds Skin inspection - Adominal distention noted, Skin is warm

Physical Exam
Vital Signs

Heart Rate : 109Respiratory: 29 breaths/min Temperature: 99.7 F Ox Sat : 96% on room air