ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE. 2ºB GYC

Romanesque Architecture

By giulia woollard and candela daunaravicius

IN EUROPE

Idex

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION

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GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS

HISTORICAL CONTEXT:LIFE STYLE

MAIN MANIFESTATIONS

EXAMPLES OF ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE (1)

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CONCLUSION

BIBLIOGRAPHY

EXAMPLES OF ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE (2)

Romanesque architecture is a style of building from the 10th and 12th century.The style was developed into Gothic architecture.The main countries where Romanesque architecture was developed in were Spain, Italy, France, Germany and England.

Geographical Distribution

-Thick walls -Round arches-Barrel vaults-Thick columns and piers-Small windows-Towers-Decoration and sculpture-Solid,fortress-like appearance

General characteristics

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General characteristics

Walls and small windows: Romanesque buildings (especially churches) featured thick stone walls and small windows. They did this because of the technology of the time (construction techniques), they couldn't support large windows or expansive walls without compromising stability. The heavy walls helped support the vaulted ceiling.

Rounded arches and barrel vaults:They used them because they were stronger and more stable. They helped distribute the weight of the roof more evenly and were essential for the large, durable buildings of the period.

Thick columns and piers: They used them to support the weight of the vaulted ceilings. Thanks to them it allowed the builders to create larger spaces.

Historical context

What happened in their lives that affected the way they built their buildings? Specifically, why did they build buildings that way?

Historical context

LIFE STYLE

During the Romanesque period, religion, the feudal system, Crusades/pilgrimages, and monastic life were all integral to shaping architecture.-Churches influenced by the need to accommodate mass rituals and provide a sense of stability. The church had inmense power in this period, romanesque architectures fortress like apearence helped it in the sence of power and autrhority. -The feudal system led to the construction of fortified castles with defensive features. -The Crusades and pilgrimages increased the demand for large churches with relics at their core. -War as well afected the architecture, the buildings were built strong and stable (made to last as much as posible) due to the constant war fare of this period.

Main manifestations

WHAT KIND OF BUILDINGS DID THEY TYPICALLY BUILD

CHURCHES

MONASTERIES

CASTLES

They built these kind of buildings because it suited the practical, spiritual and symbolic needs of the time.

Examples of romanesque architecture

LEANING TOWER OF PISA

EXAMPLE ONE

BASIC INFORMATIONWhat makes it romanesque?

-The Leaning Tower of Pisa is a famous freestanding bell tower. -This famous tower began to tilt when its construction began in 1173 because the ground was to soft. -It is located in the city of pisa (tuscany, italy) -The tower of Pisa measures 55.86 meters of height with the inclination of about 4º extending 3.9m of the vertical.

The tower features a series of columns, round arches, thick walls and a large tower, which is distinctive of romanesque architecture.

Examples of romanesque architecture

Basilica of Saint-Sernin

EXAMPLE TWO

BASIC INFORMATIONWhat makes it romanesque?

-it is a catholic temple -is located Toulouse, France. -The construction spanned from 11th to 13th centuries -Charlemagne donating relics increased its importance, making it a key stop for pilgrims. -Named after Roman patron saint Saturninus. -Has a remarkable size (due to need of space for pilgrims)

It has a solid structure, barrel vaults, decorative sculptures, round arches, a fortress like apearance and a heavy use of stone which are all distinctive qualities of romanesque architecture.

Conclusion

As we have shown, the political, religious events and society at that time had a direct influence on the architecture. The material used in the past lasted a lot longer than many of the modern materials used nowadays and designs are not as always sturdy as they were in the past.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

-smarthistory.org-wikipedia-pressbooks.bccampus.com-rethinkingthefuture.com-britannica.com-florence-museum.com-basilique-saint-sernin

Thanks for listening

OPINION: They had limited tools and knowledge, so most of their structures were designed with heavy, walls that could support the weight of the roof. Their main ideas to build were for there to be stability and for them to last and stand (survive) the periods constant warfare. As well as other factors which we will see know.

Why where these the typical builings built? The power that the church had, the amount of pilgrims travelling, the dependency relationships with the need of fiefdoms leading to the need of castles...etc