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nuclear central :)
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Created on November 22, 2024
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Transcript
Empezar
by Marina and Leonor
nuclear centrals
Video
Components of the reactor
How do they work
HHoibjb
Types
Process
Introduccion
Índice
"How does a nuclear power plant work? It is an industrial facility that generates electricity from nuclear energy that is released in the form of thermal energy through a nuclear fission chain reaction in a nuclear ractor vessel. The main component of a power plant is the nuclear reactor where the fuel (uranium) is located and which controls the nuclear reaction by means of systems.
Introduction:
thermal energy released by the nuclear fission of uranium atoms is used to heat water to steam at high pressure and temperature. This steam turns a turbine which is connected to a generator, which converts the mechanical energy of the turbine's rotation into electrical energy.
Process
There are two main types of power plants: 'Preasure water reactor (PWR)' and 'Boiling water reactor (BWR)'. We are going to use the PWR. In nuclear fission, nuclei of heavy atoms (uranium), on which neutrons are incident, break down into smaller and lighter nuclei, releasing the energy that holds together the neutrons and protons that form them and emitting two or three neutrons. These, in turn, can produce more fissions by interacting with new heavy nuclei that will emit new neutrons and so on, so that the reaction maintains itself. This is nuclear fission chain.
Types of nuclear centrals
The turbine shaft drives the alternator, which transforms the mechanical energy into electricity. When the steam has passed through the turbine, it's sent to a condenser where it is cooled and converted into liquid water. Afterwards, the water is transported back to the steam generator to produce steam again in a closed circuit
The fission of uranium takes place in the nuclear reactor, releasing a large amount of energy which heats up the refined water circulating at high pressure. This water is fed through the primary circuit to a heat exchanger (steam generator), where steam is produced. This steam is transported to the turbine-generator set via a secondary circuit. Once there, the blades of the turbine rotate under the action of the steam.
How a nuclear central works:
-Fuel: material in which fission reactions take place. It is used as a source of neutrons. It is presented in a solid state in pellets. -Moderator: water that slows down the speed of neutrons. -Coolant: the same water that acts as a moderator and extracts the heat generated by the fission. -Control rods: These are the reactor control elements that act as neutron absorbers. -Safety elements: Containment building.