Ancient Egypt

mummy factory

Naia, Michelle, Haizea, Hugo, Asier and Inés

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Index

09. spirits on the move

01. Introduction

05. after drying

06. Finishing Touches

10. Book of the dead

02. why a muMmy?

11. weighing the heart

07. Animal Mummys

03. land of the dead

08. Death on the nile

04. How to make a mummy

Introduction

In this presentation we are going to talk about the Egypt mummys and about the Ancient Egypt. We are going to explain things like how to make a mummy and animals mummys and about things or part of the Ancient Egypt.

Why a mummy?

When we speak about Ancient Egipt, we usually think of mummies, but why mummies? Egiptcians used to believe that there was life after death if the body survived, for that, they needed to preserve the bodies.

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Land of the dead

The land of the dead is a part of desert which is in the west of the Nile. Here they washed and purified the body before taking it to wabet which is the place where they embalmed them.

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How to make mummy?

Weytw did their job over a long period of time, for 70 days more or less. To make a mummy, first they have to do a purification of the body, a process which lasts 3 days. After the purification, the body was carried to the wabet or per nefer, where they continued with the ritual. They began their work by emptying the head of the corpse. When the skull was empty, they poured a resinous liquid into it. Then, they made a cut on the abdomen and they extracted the organs. However, they left the heart in its place. Furthermore, a decisive step in the embalming process was the removal of moisture from the body.

How to make mummy?

After all this process, they covered the corpse with a substance called natron that dries the body. This substance had to be in contact with the body for 40 days. After dehydration, in order for the body to regain its elasticity, it was anointed with various oils and liquid resin. Then, the embalmers bandaged the body, they needed 15 days to do this. As a final step in the mummification, the embalmers did the funeral. The funeral its different for each person, depends on whether this person was royalty or not.

After drying

A dry body won’t look like any other body you have ever seen. It is much darker and weighs three quarters less. The arms and legs are so thin and the skin is stiff and hangs in folds. At this point, the skill of the embalmer comes into play. The body is emptied, rinsed and refilled with flax or sawdust soaked in resin, herbs and spices. Then it’s massaged with oils to restore softness to the skin. They also put makeup on its face, all to create an appearance that is as real as possible.

FINISHING TOUCHES

After covering the hole bodu with resin, it is decorated with jewels. It is later wrapped with bandages and with several linen shrouds. Those were covered by amulets, better known as charms, for good luck. The final touch would be a painted face mask over the head.

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ANIMAL mummies

Animals such as cats, dogs, insects and even crocodiles were also mummified. It wasn`t because the Egyptiants wanted their pets with them afterlife but because they thought those animals represented certain gods. They were also very popular souvenirs.

SPIRITS ON THE MOVE

Egyptians believe various spirits are born with a person, and these live also after death. These spirits give the esence of the individual.

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BOOK OF THE DEATH

To help dead person pass through Duat safely, spells are used, we call them "Book of the death"

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WEIGHING THE HEART

In Egyptian religion, the heart was very important for the arfterlife. People believed it continued to exist after death in the underworld, where it would show if the person was good or bat. Anubis and other gods were thought to examine the heart during a ceremony called the "Weighing the heart"

WEIGHING THE HEART

The Heart of the soul was given to Osiris, who put it on a big golden scale. On one side, it was balanced with the white of ma`at.

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How did they preserve the bodies?

The bodies were preserved by a process called mummification that is about embalming (putting on resin or oil in the body), purifying and drying out of the body.

Why mummy name?

This word came from an Arabic word "mummiya" which means embalmed corpse and as mummies are embalmed bodies they took that name.The name mummy became popular when they were discovered in 19th century by archeologists.

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EMBALMING PROCESS

The embalming process could last 70 days, but it all depended on how economically the dead person was.For example, the poorest persons were preserved for only one week.

In pyramid times, speels were carved on tomb walls but now are slipped in the coffin.

These spells are written on papyrus and there are up to 200.Each version of the book of dead is different, people who have a lot of money can choose the spells they think are important, however, poorer people buy books already written and they only add their name.

Ka:

Ba:

Akh:

The Akh enables the soul to assume temporarily any form it desired for the purpose of revisiting the earth or for its own enjoyment

The Ka was essentially a person’s double,” it was the life force and at death it was separated from the body.

The Ba appears in bird form, thus expressing the mobility of the soul after death.