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Special Education Laws and Terms
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Created on November 20, 2024
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Special Education Law History & Terms
President Lyndon Johnson
- Free/Reduced Lunch
- Additional teachers to low income schools
Elementary and Secondary Education Act
1965
- Prohibits discrimination against students with disabilities
- Defines appropriate education
1973
Vocational Rehabilitation Act & Section 504
- Right to due process for students and families in special education cases
- Grants federal funding for Gifted and Talented students
Educational Amendments Act of 1974
- LRE - Defines Least Restrictive Environment
- IEP - Individualized Education Program
- FAPE - Requires Free and Appropriate Education (children ages 5-18)
Education for All Handicapped Children Act
1975
- Free and Appropriate Education for students with disabilities for ages 3-5
- Early intervention programs for scholdren with disabilities for birth - 2
Education of Handicapped Amendments
1986
- Prohibits discrimination against people with disabilites in the workplace and schools
- Provides Equal Opportunity to: employment, accommodations, services, transportation
Americans with Disabilities Act ADA
1990
- Transition Program at age 16
- Bilingual Education Programs
- Extends Special Education programs to include social work and rehabilitation
- Due Process
- Confidentiality of student information
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
IDEA
1990
- General Education Teacher is part of IEP Team
- Students with disabilities take State Tests
- Behavior Management Plans
- Mediation to resolve differences
- Services continue for students with disabilites EVEN if they are expelled from school!
Individuals with Disabilites Education Act
1997
- Early intervention Reading Programs
- Highly Qualified Teachers
- Increased accountability on schools
- School choice for failing schools
No Child Left Behind Act
2001
- Higher standards for Special Education Teacher License and Certification
- Increased funding for early intervention
- Use of Response to Intervention or RTI
IDEIA
IDEA Improvement Act
2004
- Bullying Prevention Plans
- More control to states for standardized tests
- Only 1 percent of students can be given alternative assessments
ESSA
Every Student Succeeds Act
2015
- ASD - Autism Spectrum
- SLD - Specific Learning Disability (most common)
- OHI - Other Health Impairment (includes ADHD as well as other health related issues
- EI - Emotional Impairment
- SLI - Speech & Language Impairment
- CI - Cognitive Impairment
Common Areas of Eligibility in Special Education
- IEP - Individualized Education Program
- LRE - Least Restrictive Environment
- FAPE - Free and Aprropriate Public Education
- FERPA - Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act
- LEA - Local Education Agency
- BIP - Behavior Intervention Plan
- CBM - Curriculum Based Measurement
Important Terms in Special Education
"Stay put" came out of this case - until IEP disputes are resolved
1988-Honig v. Doe
"Meaningful Access" and "Related Services" came from this case
1984-Tatro v. Irving Independent School District
FAPE came out of this decision
1982- Rowley v. Board of Education
Originally about race, has been used in subsequent cases to include students with disabilities