Narrative Tenses

PAST SIMPLE

Past Continuous

used to describe actions that were completed in the past

describes actions that were in progress at a specific time in the past. It sets the scene, shows parallel actions, or describes interruptions.

Present Perfect

Past Perfect

describes actions that were completed before another action or point in the past.

links the past with the present. It is used for actions that started in the past and have relevance now or for experiences and states that are still true.

Narrative tenses

07

05

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06

08

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09

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11

10

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12

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...Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur.

Structure: Affirmative: Subject + was/were + verb + ing Example: She was reading when I called her. Negative: Subject + was/were + not + verb + ing Example: They weren't watching TV at that time. Interrogative: Was/Were + subject + verb + ing Example: Was he working yesterday? Usage in narratives: Past continuous is used to describe ongoing actions or background situations that were happening when another action (usually in the past simple) interrupted them. Example: I was walking down the street when it started to rain.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur.

Structure: Affirmative: Subject + verb (in past form) Example: She walked to the park. Negative: Subject + did not (didn't) + base form of verb Example: They didn't see the movie. Interrogative: Did + subject + base form of verb Example: Did you enjoy the party? Usage in narratives: Past simple is used for events that happened one after the other, or for a general summary of past events. Example: He entered the room, saw the surprise, and smiled.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur.

Structure: Affirmative: Subject + had + past participle Example: They had already left when I arrived. Negative: Subject + had + not + past participle Example: She hadn’t finished the book before the deadline. Interrogative: Had + subject + past participle Example: Had you seen that movie before? Usage in narratives: Past perfect is used to emphasize that an action was completed before another past action. Example: By the time we arrived, the train had already left.

Structure: Affirmative: Subject + have/has + past participle Example: I have seen that movie before. She has finished her homework. Negative: Subject + have/has + not + past participle Example: They haven't arrived yet. He hasn't visited us in years. Interrogative: Have/Has + subject + past participle Example: Have you ever been to Paris? Has she called you?

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur.