Ecological Framework

Click on each system title to learn more about how that system influences Maria's trauma experience and to see ways her counselor can advocate for her at each level.

Microsystem

Mesosystem

Exosystem

Macrosystem

Influence on Maria’s Trauma: The macrosystem includes broader cultural beliefs, societal norms, and laws that shape Maria’s worldview and experience of trauma. Broader cultural stigma around mental health makes Maria feel ashamed and hesitant to seek help, reinforcing her sense of isolation and self-blame. Counselor’s Advocacy: The counselor can help Maria reframe societal beliefs around mental health by introducing her to stories of public figures, role models, or community members who have openly shared their mental health struggles.

Macrosystem

Influence on Maria’s Trauma: The exosystem includes broader social structures that indirectly influence Maria’s mental health, such as her community’s mental health resources and workplace policies. Limited mental health resources in Maria’s community and her workplace’s lack of mental health support create barriers to accessing care and support. Counselor’s Advocacy: The counselor can advocate for Maria by helping her connect with mental health resources outside her immediate community, such as online therapy services, support groups, or educational resources. By supporting her to seek resources both locally and online, the counselor empowers Maria to access support despite community limitations..

Exosystem

Influence on Maria’s Trauma: The mesosystem refers to the connections and interactions between different microsystems in Maria’s life. Maria’s family values and workplace attitudes intersect, reinforcing her belief that discussing mental health struggles is unacceptable in both personal and professional spaces. Counselor’s Advocacy: The counselor can help Maria examine the connections between her personal values and the norms of her work environment and how they have influenced her perceptions at work. Maria can begin to challenge these beliefs. The counselor can help Maria find ways to gradually share her mental health journey with others.

Mesosystem

Microsystem

Influence on Maria’s Trauma: Maria’s family and work relationships form her microsystem, where trauma and emotional struggles are avoided. This isolation has contributed to her belief that discussing mental health is unacceptable. Counselor’s Advocacy: The counselor can help Maria establish a small, supportive network. This might include encouraging her to identify one or two trusted individuals with whom she feels comfortable sharing her experiences. The counselor can also help her develop communication skills to express her needs and boundaries in relationships, fostering healthier interactions that may gradually reduce her feelings of isolation.