Preschool

Start

Preschool Child

Teeth

Preschooler: 3 to 5 years of age

Physical Growth

Sleep

Toilet Training

Vital signs

Preschooler

NCLEX Quetsion

The school nurse has notified the parent of a 5 year old who has been incontinent multiple times at preschool in the past 2 days. What statement by the nurse is most appropriate in this situation?

1. “ I recommend you taking your child to the pediatrician to be evaluated for a UTI”
2. “ Your child is not toilet trained and should where pull ups while at school”.
3. “When did your child stop wetting the bed?”
4. “Your child’s urinary tract system is developmentally delayed.”

Cognitive Changes

• Recognition of cause-and-effect relationships
• Language continues to develop.

Psychosocial Changes

• Increased social interaction
• Magical Thinking

PLAY

• Parallel to associative
• At 4 years, play in groups of two or three
• At 5 years the group has a temporary leader for each activity.

Communicable Diseases

Sleep

Nutrition

Preschooler: 3 to 5 years of age

Education

Health Promotion

Heatlh Risks

Children need to learn about safety

Parental example is most important!

Transitional Object

A physical item that provides psychological comfort and reassurance, especially in unusual or unique situations:

• Examples: Blankets, stuffed animals, medals, and gifts
• Benefits: Help children feel at home, sleep, and feel comforted when they are upset or separated from a caregiver
• Importance: Play an essential role in a child's emotional support system and help them make the transition from dependence to independence

The End

Sleep

• 12 hours a night and infrequently takes daytime naps
• Waking during the night is common
• Continue consisten routine

Guilt Children develop guilt when they are criticized or controlled for their attempts at initiative. They may feel that their efforts are wrong or that they are "bad" people.

Initiative Children develop initiative when they are able to explore, make decisions, and initiate activities without being criticized or controlled.

Erikson's Theory

Initiative vs. Guilt

EgocentricThe tendency to be overly focused on oneself and one's own needs and feelings, often at the expense of others.

• Use full sentences and avoid baby talk.
• Comprehend and tell stories
• Can explain a concept as they heard it described by others, but their understanding is limited.
• Tell fibs/ lies to avoid punishment

Language

• Growth slows but continues.
• Gross- and fine-motor movements continue to develop.
• Drawing
• Dressing

Teeth

• Dental care is essential to preserve these temporary teeth and to teach good dental habits
• Trauma is common
• Preserve the tooth if permanent (later stage, early school-aged)

Sleep Patterns

• Wakes frequently at night

Thinking that one's thoughts by themselves can bring about effects in the world or that thinking something corresponds with doing it.

Magical Thinking

Masturbation

• parent education and reassurance
• redirection of the child to other activities
• discussion with the child regarding appropriate boundaries
• done in a private setting

2 Rules

• Find out what they already know
• Be honest

Sex Education

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod.

Lorem ipsum dolor sit

Lorem ipsum dolor

Consectetur adipiscing elit

• Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.
• Consectetur adipiscing elit.
• Sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut.

Nutrition

• Preschool-Age Children Enjoy Helping Adults and Are More Likely to Try New Foods If They Can Assist in the Preparation.
• The quality is much more important than the quantity

Table 33.3 pg 886

Prevent the Spread

• Chickenpox
• Diptheria
• Erythemia Infectiosum (5th disease)
• Roseola Infantum
• Mumps
• Measles
• Pertussis
• Rubella
• Poliomyelitis
• Conjunctivitis
• Stomotitis

• Establish a routine
• Make it fun
• Praise your chile
• Be patient
• Involve other caregivers

Toilet Training

Should be fully toilet trained by end of this stage. If not, investigate. Tips for potty training