Interactive photo

David Alejandro Del Rio Castro A01644036

In Tijuana, Mexico, migrants face significant challenges due to insufficient support from the local government. Despite the growing number of migrants, the city's shelters often lack adequate funding and resources to provide basic necessities such as food, shelter, and medical care. The local government has struggled to coordinate with non-governmental organizations and international agencies to address these needs effectively. As a result, many migrants are left in precarious situations, living in overcrowded shelters or on the streets, with limited access to essential services. This lack of support has exacerbated the vulnerabilities of migrants, making their journey and stay in Tijuana even more difficult (Mejías-Pascoe, 2022).

Stranded at the Border: Migrants in Tijuana

Terriquez, J. (2023, May 11). Miles de migrantes en la frontera esperan el fin del Título 42 [Photograph]. EFE. Retrieved from https://efe.com/mundo/2023-05-11/miles-de-migrantes-en-la-frontera-esperan-el-fin-del-titulo-42/

Inditex, the parent company of brands like Zara, has faced significant criticism for the working conditions in its supply chain. Reports have highlighted that factory workers often endure long hours, low wages, and unsafe working environments. For instance, in 2022, investigations revealed that workers in factories supplying Inditex were subjected to "slave-like" conditions, working up to 19 hours a day with little time off and in debt to their traffickers (Clean Clothes Campaign, 2022). Despite Inditex's claims of promoting socially sustainable practices, these findings indicate a severe gap between policy and practice.

Slave Like: Working Conditions in Inditex Factories

Rahman, H. (2021, August 12). Textile Factories Resume Production Amid Covid-19 Lockdown, Dhaka, Bangladesh [Photograph]. IPA/Shutterstock. Retrieved from https://www.shutterstock.com/es/editorial/image-editorial/woman-manufactures-clothes-textile-factory-gazipur-industrial-12274209e

Kwan, A. (2020, May 27). Pedestrian is detained by riot police [Photograph]. Getty Images News. Retrieved from https://www.gettyimages.com.mx/detail/fotograf%C3%ADa-de-noticias/pedestrian-is-detained-by-riot-police-during-a-fotograf%C3%ADa-de-noticias/1215401050?adppopup=true

Repression Under Law

In 2020, Beijing imposed a sweeping national security law on Hong Kong, which has led to significant repercussions for the city's pro-democracy movement. Since its implementation, authorities have arrested dozens of pro-democracy activists, lawmakers, and journalists, severely curbing voting rights and limiting freedoms of the press and speech (Davis & Hui, 2020). The law criminalizes acts of secession, subversion, terrorism, and collusion with foreign forces, with penalties including life imprisonment (Congressional Research Service, 2020). This has resulted in a climate of fear and repression, undermining Hong Kong's autonomy and eroding the rights promised under the 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration (Congressional Research Service, 2020).

Around the world, older individuals often face significant challenges due to age discrimination and a lack of work opportunities. As populations age, many countries struggle to provide adequate support for older workers who wish to remain employed. For instance, older workers are frequently passed over for promotions or new job opportunities, and they often face stereotypes about their abilities and productivity (World Health Organization, 2022). Moreover, retirement systems in many countries are insufficient, leaving older adults at risk of poverty. The lack of supportive policies and inclusive practices exacerbates these issues, leading to social isolation and economic insecurity among the elderly population (International Labour Organization, 2023).

Age of Exclusion

Creativity

Taga, M. (2021, October 23). [Photograph]. Picture Alliance/Jiji Press Photo. Retrieved from https://www.picture-alliance.com/search/images?searchTerm=M.%20Taga&is-filter-open=true

International Land Coalition. (2020, April 21). How COVID-19 is affecting land rights in Africa [Photograph]. Retrieved from https://africa.landcoalition.org/en/newsroom/how-covid-19-affecting-land-rights-africa/

Pandemic Patriarchy: Women's Rights During COVID-19 in South Africa"

During the COVID-19 pandemic, women in South Africa faced exacerbated challenges, particularly in terms of gender-based violence (GBV). The national lockdowns led to increased confinement at home, which in turn resulted in a surge of domestic violence cases (Mahlangu et al., 2022). Women reported higher incidences of emotional and physical abuse, often linked to financial stress and job losses (Mahlangu et al., 2022). The pandemic also strained support services, making it difficult for women to access help (Nduna & Oyama Tshona, 2021). Despite these challenges, efforts were made to provide psychosocial support and strengthen social relief measures to mitigate the impact on women's rights (Mahlangu et al., 2022).

David Alejandro Del Rio Castro A01644036

Raedle, J. (2020, January 3). President Donald Trump speaks during a news conference [Photograph]. Getty Images News. Retrieved from https://www.gettyimages.com.mx/detail/fotograf%C3%ADa-de-noticias/president-donald-trump-speaks-during-a-fotograf%C3%ADa-de-noticias/1197359237

The Human Cost of Trump's Border Policies

During Donald Trump's presidency, the U.S. government implemented strict immigration policies, including mass deportations and the construction of a border wall. The administration's approach led to the deportation of thousands of undocumented immigrants, often separating families and causing significant distress within immigrant communities (Hesson & Cooke, 2024). Additionally, the construction of the border wall along the U.S.-Mexico border was a key component of Trump's immigration strategy. The wall aimed to prevent illegal crossings and enhance border security, but it faced criticism for its high costs and the humanitarian impact on migrants (Robertson, 2023).

Baker Institute. (2024). Navigating the Border: San Diego’s and Tijuana’s Migrant Reception Efforts. Retrieved from https://www.bakerinstitute.org/research/navigating-border-san-diegos-and-tijuanas-migrant-reception-efforts Clean Clothes Campaign. (2022). ‘Slave-like’ conditions at Zara supplier. Retrieved from https://cleanclothes.org/issues/migrants-in-depth/stories/slave-like-conditions-at-zara-supplier Congressional Research Service. (2020). China’s National Security Law for Hong Kong: Issues for Congress. Retrieved from https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/R/R46473 Davis, M. C., & Hui, V. T. (2020). Beijing’s National Security Law Brings Mainland Repression to Hong Kong. The Diplomat. Retrieved from https://thediplomat.com/2020/07/beijings-national-security-law-brings-mainland-repression-to-hong-kong/ Hesson, T., & Cooke, K. (2024). Inside Trump's Plan for Mass Deportations - and Who Wants to Stop Him. U.S. News. Retrieved from https://www.usnews.com/news/top-news/articles/2024-11-06/inside-trumps-plan-for-mass-deportations-and-who-wants-stop-him International Labour Organization. (2023). Age discrimination and employment policies. Retrieved from https://www.ilo.org/global/topics/ageing/age-discrimination-and-employment-policies/lang--en/index.htm

Bibliography

David Alejandro Del Rio Castro A01644036

Mahlangu, P., Gibbs, A., Shai, N., Machisa, M., Nunze, N., & Sikweyiya, Y. (2022). Impact of COVID-19 lockdown and link to women and children’s experiences of violence in the home in South Africa | BMC Public Health. Retrieved from https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-022-13422-3 Mejías-Pascoe, S. (2022). ‘A new era:’ Migrants staying longer in Tijuana strain capacity, funding at shelters. KPBS Public Media. Retrieved from https://www.kpbs.org/news/local/2022/06/22/a-new-era-migrants-staying-longer-in-tijuana-strain-capacity-funding-at-shelters Nduna, M., & Oyama Tshona, S. (2021). Domesticated Poly-Violence Against Women During the 2020 Covid-19 Lockdown in South Africa | Psychological Studies. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12646-021-00616-9 Robertson, L. (2023). Biden's Border Wall, Explained. FactCheck.org. Retrieved from https://www.factcheck.org/2023/10/bidens-border-wall-explained/ World Health Organization. (2022). Global report on ageism. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240016866

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