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GRAMMAR PRESENTATION

Diana Dyhdalo

Created on November 7, 2024

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Transcript

GRAMMAR PRESENTATION

IVÁN, DAVID AND DIANA

PRESENT PERFECT

EXPLANATION

STRUCTURE

USES

Subject + Have/Has + Participle verb+ complement

-To refer to something that started in the past and continoues in the present (They've been married for nearly fifty years) -when we are talking about our experience up to the present (I've seen that film before) -For something that happened in the past but is important in the present (I can't get in the house. I've lost my keys)

INDEX

PRESENT PERFECT

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

MULTI-WORD VERBS

EXERCISES

POSITIVE, NEGATIVE, INTERROGATIVE Structure

INTERROGATIVE

NEGATIVE

POSITIVE

Have/Has + subject+ participle verb + complement

Subject + have/has + not + participle verb + complement

Subject + Have/Has + Participle verb+ complement

EXAMPLES

EXAMPLES

EXAMPLES

-Have you lost your wallet? -Have they read the novel?

-They have not written the report. -He has not called his grandmother.

-She has worked in radio stations. -They have learnt Korean.

EXAMPLES

NEGATIVE

POSITIVE

INTERROGATIVE

-I have talked to the doctor. -You have played videogames.

-I have not watched the movie. -You have not cleaned the house.

-Have you eaten in that restaurant? -Have they traveled in an airplane?

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINuOUS

Uses

  • When a recently completed action has a result now.
  • To describe repeated activities which started recently.
  • To talk about unfinished activities using how long and for/since.

POSITIVE, NEGATIVE, INTERROGATIVE

INTERROGATIVE

NEGATIVE

POSITIVE

  • Structure
  • Structure
  • Structure

Subject+have/has+been+verb -ing form.

Subject+have/has not+been+ verb -ing form.

Have/has+subject+been+verb -ing form.

EXAMPLES

EXAMPLES

EXAMPLES

-Have they been talking for a long time? -Has the cat been chasing a mouse?

-I have not been running. -They haven´t been living.

-We’ve been planning our vacation for over a month. -She has been studying English since she was 16.

EXAMPLES

NEGATIVE

INTERROGATIVE

POSITIVE

-John has been working at the bank since 2003. -I’ve been eating too much.

-You have not been watching the TV. -He hasn’t been studying enough.

-Have you been learning a new language recently? -Have the children been playing in the park?

MULTI-WORD VERBS

EXPLANATION

Large groups of verbs with one or more particles. -Prepositions -Adverbs-Nouns-Adjectives Three types of multi-word verbs: -Phrasal verbs-Prepositional verbs -Phrasal-prepositional Sometimes, the name ‘phrasal verb’ is used to refer to all three types.

STRUCTURE Verb+preposition= look after Verb+adverb= look up Verb+adverb+preposition= look forward to Verb+noun= take care of Verb+adjective= set free

PHRASAL VERBS

EXAMPLES

STRUCTURE

1)Do you want me to take off my shoes?/Come in. Take your coat off.2)I’ve made some copies. Would you like me to hand them out?Not: Would you like me to hand out them?3)The taxi broke down on the way to the airport and I thought I nearly missed my flight.

1)Particle may come before or after the object if the object is not a personal pronoun (me, you, him...). 2)If the object is a personal pronoun, the pronoun before the particle: 3)We usually put longer objects after the particle:

PREPOSIOTIONAL and phrasal-prepositional VERBS

PREPOSIOTIONAL VERBS

PHRASAL PREPOSIOTIONAL VERBS

1)Many are often used in informal contexts. 2)The object always comes immediately after the preposition 3)Some take a direct object after the verb.1)He’ll catch up with us in a minute2)We all looked up to her.Not: We all looked her up to. or We all looked up her to.3)She fixed us up with a violin teacher.

1)The preposition comes before the object. 2)They always have an object. The object can be a noun phrase, a pronoun or the -ing form of a verb. 3)Some take a direct object after the verb. 1)Somebody broke into his car and stole his radio. Getting to the final depends on winning the semi-final! 2)Hannah reminds me of a girlfriend of mine. 3)I’ve got a great new CD. Shall we listen to it? Not: Shall we listen to?

EXAMPLES

PHRASAL+PREPOSITIONAL

PHRASAL VERBS

PREPOSITIONAL VERBS

1)We look forward to meeting you on the 22nd.2)You will never come up with anything original. 3)You should run away from them. 4)Will you have face up to her?

1)Chris called up the seller2)Why are you looking up that word? 3)Oh, I can’t lift you up any more. 4)It’s difficult to make out what she’s saying. 5) We need to sort the problem out.

1)Chris called on the seller2)Don't look at me 3)I’d like to thank everyone fort heir kindness. 4)I believe in their strenght. 5)John is waiting for him.

POSITIVE, NEGATIVE, INTERROGATIVE

INTERROGATIVE

NEGATIVE

POSITIVE

  • Structure
  • Structure
  • Structure

Subject+have/has+been+verb -ing form.

Subject+have/has not+been+ verb -ing form.

Have/has+subject+been+verb -ing form.

EXAMPLES

EXAMPLES

EXAMPLES

-Have they been talking for a long time? -Has the cat been chasing a mouse?

-I have not been running. -They haven´t been living.

-We’ve been planning our vacation for over a month. -She has been studying English since she was 16.

QUESTIONS?

THANK YOU

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