Internal hardware
Jorge de la Cruz
What is hardware
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CPU
The brain of the tablet, responsible for executing tasks and managing operations, directly impacting performance and speed.
Display
The screen size, resolution, and technology (LCD, OLED) determine the tablet’s visual quality, touch responsiveness, and overall viewing experience.
RAM
Temporary storage that helps the tablet run multiple applications simultaneously without slowing down, improving multitasking.
Display
A phone's display consists of a screen panel (LCD, OLED, or AMOLED) that shows images, and a touchscreen layer that detects touch input. It also includes a driver circuit for pixel control and a protective glass. The display’s resolution and refresh rate affect image quality and smoothness.
RAM
RAM in a phone is temporary memory that helps with speed and multitasking by storing active data and apps. More RAM allows for smoother performance, especially when running multiple apps at once.
The motherboard
Its the main circuit board inside a computer which allows other parts to communicate with eachother.Many different parts are attached to it so they can function properly.
Storage
Laptop storage typically comes in HDD (slower, larger capacity) or SSD (faster, smaller capacity) options, with SSDs being more common in modern laptops for better performance. SSDs usually range from 256GB to 1TB, while HDDs offer larger storage (500GB to 2TB) at lower prices. Some laptops use a hybrid SSHD for a balance of speed and capacity. The choice depends on your need for speed or storage space.
Storage
Phone storage is typically made of flash storage, using NAND flash memory chips. It holds data like apps, photos, and the operating system. UFS is a faster type of flash storage commonly found in modern phones, while eMMC is slower and used in lower-end devices.
Graphics cards
Laptops feature either integrated or dedicated graphics cards. Integrated graphics are built into the CPU and share system memory, making them suitable for basic tasks like browsing and office work. Dedicated graphics cards, on the other hand, have their own memory (VRAM) and deliver higher performance, making them ideal for gaming, video editing, and other graphics-intensive tasks. Integrated graphics consume less power but offer lower performance, while dedicated GPUs provide better performance at the cost of higher power consumption. The choice depends on your needs, with integrated being enough for general use and dedicated for more demanding applications.
Network interface card
Also known as the wifi card, it is the part that gives a computer its networking capabilities. It basically allows the computer to a wired Ethernet connection or a wifi network to a LAN (local area network).
GPU
The GPU is the graphical proccessing unit, its the part that handles graphic operations and it excels on 3D.In low end computers the GPU comes preinstalled but in the higher end computers you have to get them separately.
Power supply
This is the part incharge of supplying the entire system, it receives power from an electrical outlet and converts the current from an alterning current to a direct current
Ram
The RAM (Random Access Memory) of a laptop is temporary memory that stores data the CPU is actively using. It allows for faster access to information, improving multitasking and overall performance. More RAM enables smoother operation when running multiple applications simultaneously. However, unlike storage, RAM is wiped clean when the laptop is powered off.
Operating system
The software platform (Android, iOS, Windows) that runs the tablet, enabling user interaction and managing apps and functions.
motherboard
The motherboard of a laptop is the main circuit board that connects and allows communication between all the laptop’s components, such as the CPU, RAM, storage, GPU, and peripherals. It contains the chipset, which controls data flow, and provides power distribution and connectivity through various ports and slots. The motherboard also includes integrated components like audio and network controllers, and it ensures the proper functioning of the entire system.
GPU
The GPU or the graphics processing unit. It is the hardware that handles rendering images videos or graphics. It greatly helps in things like gaming or using the camera more effectively
Cooling system
A laptop's cooling system includes fans to expel hot air, heat sinks to absorb and distribute heat, thermal paste to improve heat transfer, ventilation for airflow, and heat pipes to move heat away from critical components. These elements work together to prevent overheating and maintain performance.
The CPU
The CPU is the part of the computer that processes all of the instructions.Its incharge of running the operative system and receiving input from other hardware or software, after it processes the data and creates an output either displayed on the screen or send to another hardware part like the storage. The main metric to measure the CPU is the Frequency.
Storage
Space for apps, files, and media, typically using flash storage, with options for additional space via microSD cards in some models.
CPU
The CPU of a phone refers to the central processing unit. It is the component that converts actions into visual changes on the screen. Unlike on devices like the computer. The CPU and many other hardware are al placed on the same integrated system.
RAM
RAM stands for random access memory, It is the storage which determines how many applicationes a computer can have, the more RAM a computer has the more storage it holds.
What is hardware
Hardware refers to the physical components that store and run the instructions provided by the software.They each handle specific functions to make the electronic device work.
Storage
The storage device or hard disk is the hardware that stores the data that isn´t erased once you turn off the computer. It stores the system, application, files and folders of the user.
Battery
Powers the tablet, with its capacity (mAh) determining how long the device can operate on a single charge.
Battery
A phone's battery consists of lithium-ion (Li-ion) or lithium-polymer (LiPo) cells that store energy, and a battery management system (BMS) that controls charging, monitors health, and ensures safety. The battery's capacity is measured in mAh and affects battery life.
Display
Laptop displays vary in size, resolution, and quality. Common screen sizes range from 11 to 17 inches, with Full HD (1920x1080) being standard, while higher resolutions like 4K are found in premium models. Panel types include IPS for better color accuracy and wider viewing angles, and TN for faster response but poorer colors. Some laptops feature OLED displays for vibrant colors and deep blacks. Refresh rates range from 60Hz to 240Hz for smoother gaming, and touchscreens are common in 2-in-1 models. The best display depends on your needs, such as for general use, gaming, or creative work.
CPU
The CPU (Central Processing Unit) of a laptop is responsible for processing data and running programs. It has multiple cores for multitasking, a clock speed (GHz) for performance, and cache memory for faster data access. Some CPUs also include integrated graphics to handle basic visuals, and its thermal design power (TDP) indicates heat generation. The CPU is a key factor in determining a laptop's overall performance.
GPU
Handles visual tasks like rendering images and video, ensuring smooth graphics for gaming, media, and user interface interactions.
Camera
A phone's camera uses a sensor, lens, and processing technology to capture photos and videos, with features like autofocus, image stabilization, and multiple lenses for better quality and versatility in various conditions. It typically includes both front and rear cameras, with the rear camera being more advanced for high-quality photography.
Speakers and microphone
A phone's speakers convert digital audio into sound for calls, music, and videos, while its microphone captures sound for voice calls, recordings, and voice commands. Multiple microphones are often used for better sound quality and noise reduction.
Battery
Laptop battery life typically ranges from 4 to 10 hours, depending on factors like battery capacity, screen brightness, and usage. Most laptops use Li-ion or LiPo batteries, with the latter being lighter and thinner. Fast charging and power-saving features can help extend usage, while battery health degrades over time. Optimizing settings like screen brightness and using power management tools can improve battery performance and longevity.
Internal hardware
JORGE DE LA CRUZ MORODO
Created on November 7, 2024
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Transcript
Internal hardware
Jorge de la Cruz
What is hardware
Back
Go back
Go back
go back
CPU
The brain of the tablet, responsible for executing tasks and managing operations, directly impacting performance and speed.
Display
The screen size, resolution, and technology (LCD, OLED) determine the tablet’s visual quality, touch responsiveness, and overall viewing experience.
RAM
Temporary storage that helps the tablet run multiple applications simultaneously without slowing down, improving multitasking.
Display
A phone's display consists of a screen panel (LCD, OLED, or AMOLED) that shows images, and a touchscreen layer that detects touch input. It also includes a driver circuit for pixel control and a protective glass. The display’s resolution and refresh rate affect image quality and smoothness.
RAM
RAM in a phone is temporary memory that helps with speed and multitasking by storing active data and apps. More RAM allows for smoother performance, especially when running multiple apps at once.
The motherboard
Its the main circuit board inside a computer which allows other parts to communicate with eachother.Many different parts are attached to it so they can function properly.
Storage
Laptop storage typically comes in HDD (slower, larger capacity) or SSD (faster, smaller capacity) options, with SSDs being more common in modern laptops for better performance. SSDs usually range from 256GB to 1TB, while HDDs offer larger storage (500GB to 2TB) at lower prices. Some laptops use a hybrid SSHD for a balance of speed and capacity. The choice depends on your need for speed or storage space.
Storage
Phone storage is typically made of flash storage, using NAND flash memory chips. It holds data like apps, photos, and the operating system. UFS is a faster type of flash storage commonly found in modern phones, while eMMC is slower and used in lower-end devices.
Graphics cards
Laptops feature either integrated or dedicated graphics cards. Integrated graphics are built into the CPU and share system memory, making them suitable for basic tasks like browsing and office work. Dedicated graphics cards, on the other hand, have their own memory (VRAM) and deliver higher performance, making them ideal for gaming, video editing, and other graphics-intensive tasks. Integrated graphics consume less power but offer lower performance, while dedicated GPUs provide better performance at the cost of higher power consumption. The choice depends on your needs, with integrated being enough for general use and dedicated for more demanding applications.
Network interface card
Also known as the wifi card, it is the part that gives a computer its networking capabilities. It basically allows the computer to a wired Ethernet connection or a wifi network to a LAN (local area network).
GPU
The GPU is the graphical proccessing unit, its the part that handles graphic operations and it excels on 3D.In low end computers the GPU comes preinstalled but in the higher end computers you have to get them separately.
Power supply
This is the part incharge of supplying the entire system, it receives power from an electrical outlet and converts the current from an alterning current to a direct current
Ram
The RAM (Random Access Memory) of a laptop is temporary memory that stores data the CPU is actively using. It allows for faster access to information, improving multitasking and overall performance. More RAM enables smoother operation when running multiple applications simultaneously. However, unlike storage, RAM is wiped clean when the laptop is powered off.
Operating system
The software platform (Android, iOS, Windows) that runs the tablet, enabling user interaction and managing apps and functions.
motherboard
The motherboard of a laptop is the main circuit board that connects and allows communication between all the laptop’s components, such as the CPU, RAM, storage, GPU, and peripherals. It contains the chipset, which controls data flow, and provides power distribution and connectivity through various ports and slots. The motherboard also includes integrated components like audio and network controllers, and it ensures the proper functioning of the entire system.
GPU
The GPU or the graphics processing unit. It is the hardware that handles rendering images videos or graphics. It greatly helps in things like gaming or using the camera more effectively
Cooling system
A laptop's cooling system includes fans to expel hot air, heat sinks to absorb and distribute heat, thermal paste to improve heat transfer, ventilation for airflow, and heat pipes to move heat away from critical components. These elements work together to prevent overheating and maintain performance.
The CPU
The CPU is the part of the computer that processes all of the instructions.Its incharge of running the operative system and receiving input from other hardware or software, after it processes the data and creates an output either displayed on the screen or send to another hardware part like the storage. The main metric to measure the CPU is the Frequency.
Storage
Space for apps, files, and media, typically using flash storage, with options for additional space via microSD cards in some models.
CPU
The CPU of a phone refers to the central processing unit. It is the component that converts actions into visual changes on the screen. Unlike on devices like the computer. The CPU and many other hardware are al placed on the same integrated system.
RAM
RAM stands for random access memory, It is the storage which determines how many applicationes a computer can have, the more RAM a computer has the more storage it holds.
What is hardware
Hardware refers to the physical components that store and run the instructions provided by the software.They each handle specific functions to make the electronic device work.
Storage
The storage device or hard disk is the hardware that stores the data that isn´t erased once you turn off the computer. It stores the system, application, files and folders of the user.
Battery
Powers the tablet, with its capacity (mAh) determining how long the device can operate on a single charge.
Battery
A phone's battery consists of lithium-ion (Li-ion) or lithium-polymer (LiPo) cells that store energy, and a battery management system (BMS) that controls charging, monitors health, and ensures safety. The battery's capacity is measured in mAh and affects battery life.
Display
Laptop displays vary in size, resolution, and quality. Common screen sizes range from 11 to 17 inches, with Full HD (1920x1080) being standard, while higher resolutions like 4K are found in premium models. Panel types include IPS for better color accuracy and wider viewing angles, and TN for faster response but poorer colors. Some laptops feature OLED displays for vibrant colors and deep blacks. Refresh rates range from 60Hz to 240Hz for smoother gaming, and touchscreens are common in 2-in-1 models. The best display depends on your needs, such as for general use, gaming, or creative work.
CPU
The CPU (Central Processing Unit) of a laptop is responsible for processing data and running programs. It has multiple cores for multitasking, a clock speed (GHz) for performance, and cache memory for faster data access. Some CPUs also include integrated graphics to handle basic visuals, and its thermal design power (TDP) indicates heat generation. The CPU is a key factor in determining a laptop's overall performance.
GPU
Handles visual tasks like rendering images and video, ensuring smooth graphics for gaming, media, and user interface interactions.
Camera
A phone's camera uses a sensor, lens, and processing technology to capture photos and videos, with features like autofocus, image stabilization, and multiple lenses for better quality and versatility in various conditions. It typically includes both front and rear cameras, with the rear camera being more advanced for high-quality photography.
Speakers and microphone
A phone's speakers convert digital audio into sound for calls, music, and videos, while its microphone captures sound for voice calls, recordings, and voice commands. Multiple microphones are often used for better sound quality and noise reduction.
Battery
Laptop battery life typically ranges from 4 to 10 hours, depending on factors like battery capacity, screen brightness, and usage. Most laptops use Li-ion or LiPo batteries, with the latter being lighter and thinner. Fast charging and power-saving features can help extend usage, while battery health degrades over time. Optimizing settings like screen brightness and using power management tools can improve battery performance and longevity.