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Muscular Dystrophy Iceberg

MyHealthTeam

Created on November 6, 2024

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Transcript

Mobility issues

What people see

Abnormally enlarged calves

Respiratory issues

Muscle issues

Bone issues

Pain

What people don’t see

Eye issues

Delayed growth

Problems with swallowing

Cognitive and neurodevelopmental differences

Heart problems

Eye issues

Myotonic dystrophy can affect the eyes, leading to issues like cataracts (clouding of the eye lens) and impaired vision.

Pain

Muscular dystrophy can cause pain in various body parts due to muscle cramping, joint strain from weakened muscles, stiffness from reduced mobility, and inflammation as muscle tissue is replaced by fibrous tissue.

Respiratory issues

Worsening muscle weakness can cause breathing difficulties, shortness of breath, and a higher risk of respiratory infections like pneumonia.

Delayed growth

Progressive muscle weakness can cause growth delays and slow achievement of developmental milestones, such as walking, standing, and climbing stairs.

Abnormally enlarged calves

Children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy often develop pseudohypertrophy (enlarged calves) due to muscle tissue being replaced by fat and scarlike fibrous connective tissues.

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Muscle issues

Muscle weakness, stiffness, cramps, and loss of muscle mass are symptoms of muscular dystrophy. Different types of muscular dystrophy affect certain muscles more commonly.

Cognitive and neurodevelopmental differences

People with muscular dystrophy may experience learning disabilities, difficulty concentrating, sleep disturbances like nightmares, attention deficit or autism spectrum conditions, and communication challenges.

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Problems with swallowing

Weakness in the swallowing muscles can lead to difficulties, resulting in poor nutrition and an increased risk of choking.

Heart problems

Muscular dystrophy can lead to heart issues, including palpitations, arrhythmia (irregular heartbeat), and cardiomyopathy (weakening of the heart muscle).

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Mobility issues

Progressive muscle weakness in muscular dystrophy can lead to difficulty standing, walking, and running, toe walking, clumsiness, frequent falls, and waddling gait. Severity varies by muscular dystrophy type.

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Bone issues

Disease progression can lead to scoliosis (curving of the spine). Low bone density in Duchenne muscular dystrophy increases the risk of fractures (breaks).