Présentation journal

Historical context: francoism → democratic transition Importance of the press: role and influence Intersection: gender studies, media studies, spanish history

The image of women in the Spanish press during the last decade of francoism and the democratic transition.

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Subject = relevance in understanding media’s role in shaping gender perceptions and societal norms.

By examing how women were portrayed in newspapers, I aim to uncover the narratives that influenced public perceptions of gender roles during this pivotal period in Spanish history.

Francoism and democratic transition

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Explore media’s reflection of social, political, and cultural changesUnderstand evolving roles and identities of women in Spanish society

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How did the portrayal of women in Spanish newspapers evolve during the last decade of Franco's regime and the transition to democracy, and what does this reveal about societal changes concerning gender roles in Spain?

Previous research and originality of the project

Previous studies focus on literature, film, or earlier historical periods.Some academic works examine the role of the press during the Franco regime. Highlights -> exploration of the media’s role in reflecting and shaping societal changes related to gender

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Methodology and source

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Challenges and Discoveries

Challenges:- Restricted access to certain archives. - Limited availability of specific newspaper issues. - Managing large volumes of material with selective, focused analysis. Preliminary Findings: - Media during Franco's regime adhered to traditional stereotypes. - Transition to democracy brought more diverse and empowering portrayals. - Media reflected societal shifts, feminist movements, and push for gender equality. - Highlights the interplay between media representation and societal change.

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Summary of the Research Project

- Media representations during this era reveal evolving attitudes towards gender.- Quantitative and qualitative contents analysis -> explore how these representations evolved - This research emphasizes the dual role of media as both a mirror and an influencer of societal change.

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Glossary

• Content Analysis: A research technique used to interpret and analyze the content of various forms of communication.
• Democratic Transition: The process through which a nation shifts from an authoritarian regime to a democratic political system.
• Empowerment: The process of gaining power, confidence, and control over one's life and circumstances, often associated with marginalized groups seeking equality and rights.
• Feminism: A movement aimed at establishing equal rights and opportunities for women across different sectors of society.
• Francoism: The authoritarian regime led by Francisco Franco in Spain from 1939 to 1975.
• Gender Roles: Socially constructed roles and behaviors that society considers appropriate for men and women, which can vary across cultures and time periods.
• Intersectionality: A framework for understanding how various social identities (such as gender, race, class, and sexuality) overlap and intersect, creating unique experiences of discrimination and privilege.
• Patriarchal: Pertaining to a social system where men hold primary power.
• Portrayal: The representation of someone or something in literature or art.
• Stereotype: An oversimplified and generalized belief about a particular group of people.

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Bibliography :

RODRIGUES Denis, La transition en Espagne : les enjeux d’une démocratisation complexe, 1975-1986, Presses universitaires de Rennes, Rennes, 2012.DULPHY Anne, LEONARD Yves, De la dictature à la démocratie : voies ibériques, P.I.E.- Peterlang, Bruxelles, 2013. RENAUDET Isabelle, Un parlement de papier, la presse d’opposition au franquisme durant la dernière décennie de la dictature et la transition démocratique, Casa Velazquez, Madrid, vol.22, 2003. RENAUDET Isabelle, « Presse écrite et changement politique en Espagne, de la dictature franquiste à la démocratie », In Parlement[s], Revue d’histoire politique, 2017, n° HS 12, p. 127-149., https ://www.cairn.info/revue-parlements-2017-3-page-127.htm, consulté le 10 octobre 2023. BLANCO CORDON Tatiana, « L’image de la femme dans les comics femeninos des années 1960-1970 en Espagne : conflit identitaire ou schizophrénie de genre », In Comicalités, 2013, https ://journals.openedition.org/comicalites/1569, consulté le 22 novembre 2023. BARRACHINA Marie-Aline, « La « femme nouvelle » dans la propagande phalangiste », In Clio. Histoire, femmes et sociétés, 1997, n° 5, pp. 9-9., https ://www.cairn.info/revue-clio-1997-1-page-9.htm, consulté le 12 janvier 2024.

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Thank you for your attention

Graphic of the frequency of the word “femina”

1975-1982

1951-1975

1939-1951

Democratic transition

Second Francoism

First Francoism

1936-1939

1939

1966

1975

1982

Jacques Kayser method

The front page of Granada Graficà, Juanary 1, 1960

The front page of Triunfo, January 1, 1966

RENAUDET Isabelle, Un parlement de papier, la presse d’opposition au franquisme durant la dernière décennie de la dictature et la transition démocratique, Casa Velazquez, Madrid, vol.22, 2003

Graphic of the number of photographs of women in Pueblo.

The front page of Pueblo, July 1, 1966

The front page of Mundo Obrero, January 1, 1965