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2. HUMAN INTERACTION AND REPRODUCTION
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Transcript
Unit 2
human interactionand reproduction
index
1. Interaction and the nervous system.
2. The skeletal system
3. The muscular system
4. Human reproduction
5. Puberty and adolescence
human reproduction
Humans reproduce sexually and give birth after nine months of pregnancy. Most animals reproduce sexually: two individuals produce a new organism with a mixture of each parent´s genes. - Oviparous: animals reproduce by laying eggs. - Viviparous: animals grow inside the mother´s body.
the female reproductive system
OVARIES - They produce female reproductive cells called ova. FALLOPIAN TUBES - They connect the ovaries to the uterus. UTERUS - The organ where the fertilised ovum develops into a fetus. CERVIX - This connects the vagina to the uterus. VAGINA - The canal that connects the uterus and the cervix to the outside of the body. - The external part is called the vulva.
ova: óvulos (plural) ovum: óvulo (singular)
the male reproductive system
TESTICLES - They produce sperm cells. VAS DEFERENS - The sperm cells leave the testicles through two tubes called vas deferens. SEMINAL VESICLES AND PROSTATE - The vas deferens carry the sperm cells to the seminal vesicles and the prostate. - The seminal vesicles and the prostate produce semen. PENIS - It is an organ that contains the urethra. URETHRA - The urethra carries semen out of the body. - Urine is also released through the urethra.
stages in human reproduction
1. FERTILISATION - It occurs when a sperm cell joins with an ovum in the fallopian tubes. - A fertilised ovum is called a zygote. - The zygote moves to the uterus and it becomes an embryo. - At about eight weeks, the embryo has most of its organs and is now a fetus. 2. PREGNANCY - It is the period of time between the fertilisation of an ovum and the birth of a baby. 3. BIRTH - When the baby is ready to be born, the mother goes into labour. - The walls of the uterus start to contract and the amniotic sac breaks. - The baby is pushed through the cervix, into the vagina and then out of the mother´s body. - Most babies are born head first. - Doctors cut and tie the umbilical cord. This is where the baby´s navel will form.