Albert Einstein timeline

Albert Einstein's life

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Photoelectric effect interpretation, 1905

Biography - Einstein's youth 1879

Special theory of relativity, 1905

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General theory of relativity, 1915

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Hilbert, planck & einstein 1900-1921

Marrried Life 1903/1912

Biography - Einstein's youth

Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany, on March 14, 1879. His international renown makes him one of the greatest scientists in History. Indeed he was behind many theories such as sepcial & general theories of relativity, the photoelectric effect or the quantum theory of light. He became interested in science from the age of five thanks to a compass and developed his genius by learning differential and integral calculus on his own during his adolescence. In 1896, he entered the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich to be trained as a teacher in physics and mathematics and obtained his doctor's degree in 1905.

Albert Einstein's life

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet

01

02

03

Photoelectric effect interpretation, 1905

Biography - Einstein's youth 1879

Special theory of relativity, 1905

Lorem ipsum dolor sit

05

General theory of relativity, 1915

06

04

Hilbert, planck & einstein 1900-1921

Marrried Life 1903/1912

Photoelectric effect

Discovered by Hertz in 1887, the photoelectric effect has the particularity of not depending on the intensity of the incident radiation, but on its frequency. Its interpretation was given by Einstein in 1905: light is absorbed by quanta (photons) of energy hν (h is Planck's constant; ν is the frequency of light). The effect can only take place if the energy of the photon is greater than the energy required to extract an electron from the material. For most metals, this threshold frequency is located in the ultraviolet. The photoelectric effect is the basis of many important devices such as photoelectric cells.

Albert Einstein's life

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet

01

02

03

Photoelectric effect interpretation, 1905

Biography - Einstein's youth 1879

Special theory of relativity, 1905

Lorem ipsum dolor sit

05

General theory of relativity, 1915

06

04

Hilbert, planck & einstein 1900-1921

Marrried Life 1903/1912

Special theory of relativity

Time slows down for fast-moving objects relative to a stationary observer, especially as they near the speed of light.

Time Dilation

Based on two key principles:The Principle of Relativity : The laws of physics are the same for all observers moving at constant speeds relative to each other. This means there is no "absolute" frame of reference—all motion is relative.The Constancy of the Speed of Light : The speed of light in a vacuum is constant (about 299,792 km/s) for all observers, regardless of their relative motion or the motion of the light source.

At high speeds, objects appear shorter in the direction of motion to a stationary observer.

Length Contraction

Einstein's equation E=mc2 shows that mass can be converted into energy, with even a small amount of mass producing a large amount of energy.

Mass-Energy Equivalence

Albert Einstein's life

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet

01

02

03

Photoelectric effect interpretation, 1905

Biography - Einstein's youth 1879

Special theory of relativity, 1905

Lorem ipsum dolor sit

05

General theory of relativity, 1915

06

04

Hilbert, planck & einstein 1900-1921

Marrried Life 1903/1912

Married life

Albert Einstein married Mileva Maric in 1903, his former classmate, not without knowing that she was pregnant with an illegitimate child, Liserl, whom he sent for adoption. About fifteen years later, Albert fell in love with his cousin Elsa Löwenthal and divorced Mileva in 1914. They married on June 2, 1919 and gave birth to two daughters: Ilse (1897-1934) and Margot (1899-1986) .

Albert Einstein's life

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet

01

02

03

Photoelectric effect interpretation, 1905

Biography - Einstein's youth 1879

Special theory of relativity, 1905

Lorem ipsum dolor sit

05

General theory of relativity, 1915

06

04

Hilbert, planck & einstein 1900-1921

Marrried Life 1903/1912

Einstein's general theory of relativity, published in 1915, explains gravity as a curvature of space and time caused by mass and energy. According to this theory:

General theory of relativity

Massive Objects Warp Spacetime

Large objects, like planets and stars, bend the spacetime around them, creating a "curved" environment.

Gravity as Curved Pathways

Objects moving in this curved spacetime follow paths that appear as if they're pulled by gravity, but they're actually following the shortest path in the curved space.

This theory provided a new way to understand gravity, replacing the idea of gravitational "force" with the concept of spacetime curvature, and it has been confirmed by phenomena like the bending of light around massive objects and the expanding universe.

Albert Einstein's life

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet

01

02

03

Photoelectric effect interpretation, 1905

Biography - Einstein's youth 1879

Special theory of relativity, 1905

Lorem ipsum dolor sit

05

General theory of relativity, 1915

06

04

Hilbert, planck & einstein 1900-1921

Marrried Life 1903/1912

Albert Einstein, David Hilbert & Max Planck

Einstein, Hilbert, and Planck were influential scientists who contributed to the scientific revolution of the 20th century. Planck laid the groundwork for quantum physics, Einstein developed relativity, and Hilbert provided crucial mathematical support. Their exchanges, sometimes competitive but always productive, had a significant impact on modern physics.

Max Planck is considered the father of quantum theory, which he introduced in 1900 by suggesting that energy is emitted in discrete units, or "quanta." This revolutionary idea introduced the concept of energy quantization, essential to modern physics. Einstein was one of the first to take Planck's quantum theory seriously by publishing a paper on the photoelectric effect which confirmed Planck’s ideas and earned him the Nobel Prize in 1921.

Einstein developed his theory of general relativity and David Hilbert, a renowned mathematician, was working simultaneously on similar equations using mathematical principles of variation.

Einstein & Planck

Einstein & Hilbert