Week 1 General

Macromolecules

Quarter 2 week 1

Announcements

chemistry of life

How does food turn into a person?

Molecules from Food

protein

carbs

fats

A healthy diet includes protein, fats, and carbohydates. These three compounds are the main building blocks from food that make up your body.

MACROMOLECULES

The "large molecules" found in living things are divided up into 4 groups:

• CARBOHYDRATES
• LIPIDS
• PROTEINS
• NUCLEIC ACIDS

MACROMOLECULE sizes

monomers polymers

organization of carbs

mono-Di- poly-

"one"

"two"

"many"

Four main types of Macromolecules found in living organisms

Carbohydrates

• A carbohydrate is an organic compound such as sugar or starch.

• You can get carbohydrates by eating fruits, vegetables, and bread(grains).

Carbohydrates

monosacharrides

polysaccharides

A polysaccharide is a complex carbohydrate that forms when simple sugars bind together in a chain. Polysaccharides may contain just a few simple sugars or thousands of them!

A monosaccharide is a simple sugar such as fructose or glucose. Fructose is found in fruits, whereas glucose generally results from the digestion of other carbohydrates.

polysaccHarides

• Form when simple sugars bind together in a chain.
• May contain just a few simple sugars or thousands of them!

• Polysaccharides must be broken down into monosaccharides before they can be used for energy

lipids

oils, waxes, fats

• Long term energy storage.
• One gram of lipids supplies more than twice as much energy as a gram of carbohydrates or proteins!

• Provide insulation.
• Found in cell membranes.

Proteins

You are what you eat!

• Found in plats, beans, dairy or meat.
• Your body breaks down proteins into amino acids and then uses those amino acids to make new proteins!

Enzymes

• Help our bodies digest food.
• A special type of protein that speeds up chemical reactions by lowering the amount of energy needed for the reaction to start.

Nucleic acids

DNA and RNA

• Made of nucleotides.
• Storage of genetic information.
• DNA

• RNA

how to CleaR your browsing History

STEM Cases and Explore Learning activites run smoother if you clear your browsing history before starting on each assignment.

1.2 Identifying Nutrients Gizmo

Scientists use a variety of tests to determine the nutritional content of food. The Identifying Nutrients Gizmo introduces four tests that are used to detect monosaccharides (simple sugars), polysaccharides (starches), proteins, and lipids (fats).

Positive Results

Organisms take in matter, which ends up being incorporated into their cells. If the food you eat becomes part of your body and helps your cells function, what makes up a healthy diet?