Copia - NATURAL & MAN-MADE DISASTERS

NATURAL & MAN-MADE DISASTERS

Natural as well as man-made disasters have terrible consequences on a destination and its environment direct impact on tourism.

Disaster is a sudden calamitous event bringing great damage, loss, or destruction.

Disasters can be classified into two basic categories based on their cause

NATURAL

MAN-MADE

can be more localised than natural disasters and may interest a smaller area (city)

disaster caused by nature, and men have no control over them. Such disasters cause massive loss of life, property, and many other miseries.

Examples: transport accidents, cyber-crime, oil and other hazardous material spills, fires, riots, nuclear explosions, terrorist attacks, etc.

Examples: volcanic eruption, epidemics, flood, drought, tsunami, hurricane, tornado, earthquakes, landslides, avalanche, etc.

outbreak and spread of a disease/epidemic, forest fires

Natural disasters

Floods

Tsunami

Avalanche

Tornado

Hurricane

Earthquake

Landslide

Volcanic eruption

Drought

Climate change and global warming

What are they?

Two of the most pressing issues of the world today

GLOBAL WARMING is a gradual and increasingly irreversible rise in average world temperatures caused mostly by human activities

Causes

The principal causes are the widespread burning of fossil fuels including coal, oil and gas for electricity, heating, cooling and transportation, leading to the emission of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases ( greenhouse effect . ) These gases become trapped in the atmosphere, causing the planet to gradually warm.

Consequences?

What is the Greenhouse Effect?

The greenhouse effect is the natural warming of the earth that results when gases in the atmosphere trap heat from the sun that would otherwise escape into space.

What Causes the Greenhouse Effect?

Sunlight, with the natural greenhouse effect process, makes the earth habitable. While around 30 percent of the solar energy (the light and heat from the sun) that reaches our world is reflected back into space, the rest is either absorbed by the atmosphere or the earth’s surface. This process, which is constantly happening around the globe, warms the planet. This heat is then radiated back up in the form of invisible infrared radiation. While some of this infrared light continues on into space, the vast majority gets absorbed by atmospheric gases, known as greenhouse gases, causing further warming. Higher concentrations of greenhouse gases, and carbon dioxide (CO2) in particular (due to the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation), are causing extra heat to be trapped and average global temperatures to rise. The release of greenhouse gases associated with human activities and climate change is referred to as greenhouse gas emissions or climate pollution. And since the start of the Industrial Revolution and the advent of coal-powered steam engines, human activities have supersized the volume of greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere.

The consequences of the Greenhouse Effect

Today, concentrations of human-caused greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are higher than ever and the planet is heating up.

Driven by the burning of fossil fuels, global warming is altering the earth’s climate systems in many ways:

Intensifying precipitation extremes

Causing frequent and/or intense extreme weather events

making wet regions wetter and dry regions drier

Raising sea levels and increase in ocean temperatures

Altering ecosystems and natural habitats

What can we do to help/save our planet and become more sustainable?

organising educational projects and events

share news on social media

Raising people awareness

mention scientific research and evidence

talk about global solutions to the problem

L. Di Caprio's moving speeches on climate change at the United Nations headquarters in NYC.

Famous climate change activists

Reducing our greenhouse gas emissions will require significant effort at the international, national, and local levels.

Possible solutions

1) reduce fossil fuel production, consumption, and pollution to slow down climate change How? - increasing the use of clean, renewable energies and energy-efficient technologies - use public transports or alternative, eco-friendly means of transport - minimize damage to natural resources like rainforests reforest damaged areas - take carbon-cutting actions in our daily lives - save water and electricity: taking showers instead of baths, turning off the lights - reduce your waste use less plastic packaging, use a reusable bottle and cloth bags when shopping - compost food - recycle (enforce fines for littering) - conserve energy - increase the use of renewable energies, invest in clean energy projects

Where Do Greenhouse Gases Come From?

The burning of fossil fuels for electricity and transportation, as well as land use patterns and agriculture, and industrial processes drive nearly all human-caused greenhouse gas emissions.

• Electricity and heat production

• Transportation

• Buildings

• Agriculture and land use

• Other sources

• Industry

THANKS!