victorian age

the Victorian age

queen victoria

-She was born on 24 May 1819.-Only daughter of Price Edward and Princess Victoria. -In 1837 she ascended the throne and reigned for 64 years. -In 1840 she married Prince Albert (Price Consort); they were very close. _In 1850 she became Empress of India, because the East India Company directy ruled most of this country. -Died in 1901.

the two faces of this era

If on the one hand this era was characterised:-by progress (exhibition in the Crystal Palace, where more than 15,000 works from all over the world were displayed) -by reforms (Great Reform Act, Second Reform Act,Ballot Act Factory Act, the abolition of the Corn Laws)

On the other hand it was characterised :-by wars (two Opium Wars, the Crimean War, Indian Mutiny and Boer Wars) -by poverty and injustice (Workhouse inspired to improve)

The victorian compromise

They were divided -in public life (hard work, respectability and charity)- private life (immoral, depravity)

The role of women

Mrs Beeton's Book of Husehold Management by Isabella Beeton "the angels in the house" "fallen women"

It became possible to get a divorce. Suffragette movement (demanding the right to vote)

There were a majority of writers, but because writing was considered masculine, they used pseudonyms.

The aim of the novelist

Omniscient narrator

1 The Early(Dikens), social and humanitarian themes. 2 The Middle (Bronte sisters), linked by the persistence of romantic and gothic traditions. 3 The Late (Thomas Hardy, Oscar Wild), themes of European naturalism.

To reflect social change and make readers aware of social injustices

Erected a rigid barrier between right and wrong

THE VICTORIAN NOVEL

the most popular in literature and the main source of entertainment

Plot

Long and complicated, but in the end the events had to be explained.

Characters

Realistic; readers can identify with them

Setting

Urban, symbol of industrial civilisation

CHARLES DICKENS

-7 February 1812 -His education was short. -Worked in a blacking factory (making shoe polish) -Published Sketches by Boz (his pseudonym) -Married Catherine Hogarth - An anti-slavery lecture tour -Wrote for the theatre (1851). -9 June 1870 (buried at Westminster Abbey)

the gift of invention

He created entire characters and caricatures, exaggerated but immortal. On the side of the poor, the outcast and the working class. The most effective language (his careful choice of adjectives, the repetition of words and the contrast of images and ideas).

THE PICKWICK PAPERS The hilarious adventures of Samuel Pickwick and his friends at the Pickwick Club.

OLIVER TWIST The story of an orphaned boy, touching on the abandonment of children and workhouses. Like his other work LITTLE DORIT, DAVID COPPERFIELD, THE OLD CURIOSITY SHOP, NICHOLAS NICKERBY AND GREAT EXPECTATION a coming-of-age novel .

(follow the sentimental and moral development of their young protagonists as they brave the difficulties of discovering their identities and roles in the adult world)

BLEAK HOUSE denounced the administration of justice. HARD TIMES on education and the workship of the working class. CHRISTMAS CAROL and DOMBEY AND SON greed A TALE OF TWO CITIES Historical novel, (London and Paris) THE MYSTERY OF EDWIN DOOR Unable to finish

OLIVER TWIST

recalls how he is always "twisted" by circumstances or by the people he comes into contact with.

Plot

He is a orphon, son of a unknow father.He was sent in workhouse but the officials send him away . So he joined a group of pickpockets led by Fagin in London. Oliver looked after by Mr. Brownlow, but Fagin's gang capture he, and forced him to take part in a bulglary, with Sikes. Oliver lived in the house of Mrs Maylie and Rose, who turned out to be Oliver's aunt. It was also revealed that Monks was actually Oliver's half-brother, and that's why he wanted to kill him. Oliver was adopted by Mr. Brownlow and finally settled in peace in the countryside.

Three social levels: -The parochial world of the workhouse -The criminal word -The world of the middle class

Black HOUSE

Rosso Malpelo

In this novel there is a powerful description of :slum housing, property speculation, the neglect of contagious diseases and the educational needs of children.

It tells the story of a boy who works in a sand mine on the slopes of Mount Etna. His story depicts the life of the poor Sicilian in the countryside.

This problem is the result of conflict, climate change and economic downturns. THAT IS WHY IT IS SO IMPORTANT TO ACT NOW.

One common theme is HUNGER, which is also a common theme in the 2030 Agenda. GOAL 2, which aims to end hunger in the world.

HARD TIMES

‘SOWING’ : where he presents the fictional town ‘Coketown’ and shows the seeds planted by utilitarian educator : Thomas Gradgrind in his children Louisa and Tom. "REAPING’ : shows the fruits of these seeds, namely Louisa's unhappy marriage to Bounderby and Tom becoming dishonest (robbing the bank). ‘GARNERING’: shows how he changes .

Dickens wants to denounce the difference between rich and poor and criticise utilitarianism. Hard Times suggests that the 19th century has turned people into machines. Mr Gradgring believes that human nature can be measured, quantified and governed by rational rules. That is why he treats his children and students as little machines that have to follow many rules.

THE AIM OF HARD TIMES

COKETOWN

It is a short brick jungle that transforms this place into a magical, hellish land.

The idealistic constructions and the black risidue do not bother the population, for them they are symbols of productivity and industrialisation.

It was a city of red brick, but the chimneys of the city were painted black, much like the painted face of a savage. It was a city of machines and tell chimneys from which endless snakes of smoke trailed forever and ever.

There are the pistons of the machines that go up and down like elephants in a state of melancholy madness. The streets are identical, as are the houses and the lives of their inhabitants.

There is a black canal and a purple river of foul-smelling dye.

The only exception is the church, a brick building with a square tower.

Robert louise stevenson

-13 November 1850, Edinburgh-He took a degree in law -He travelling in Europe and married Fanny Vandegrift Osbourne -Treasure Island, A Child's Garden of Verses, The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde -In 1890 he bought a property in Upolu (Samoa island) and adopted the name "Tusitola" - The Beach of Falena and the Ebb Tide -3 December 1894

the strange case of dr jekyll and mr hyde

Dr Jekyll wants to get rid of his negative half.He prepares a potion that turns him into an evil man: Mr Hyde, who commits many crimes. (assisted by Mr Utterson and Mr Enfield) Dr Jekyll leaves through the front door of his house, while Mr Hyde leaves through the back door. Dr Jekyll leaves a letter and all his possessions with Mr Hyde

THEMES

-Man's dual personality (the conflict between the good and the evil side leads to his self-destruction). -The ambiguity of Victorian moral standards

URNAN DEPRAVITY

London is depicted as an urban environment that nurtures corruption and falsehood, a place dominated by sin.Night and fog are sybols of obscurity, dubious moral status and malice. London is the symbolic representation of the modern city, a place where the surface of progress and modernity hides a world full of social contrasts, violence, transgression and deception.

To complete the option, Dr Jekyll bought a large quantity of a particular salt and so late at night he combined the elements and drank the potion.

At first he felt sore, but then he felt reborn, younger and lighter. Then he felt more wicked, but at that moment he liked wine and enjoyed it.

Dr Jekyll then decided to venture into his house while the others were asleep, where he saw the image of Edward Hyde for the first time.

THANKS!

Do you know it? In 1880 there was a theatre production of his novel and the public found the leading actor's performance both thrilling and terrifying. Three weeks later, a prostitute was found murdered, the first of what became known as the Jake the Ripper murders. Newspapers linked Stevenson's respectable Dr Jekyll and murderous Mr Hyde with the unseen East End killer.