ALBERT TIMELINE

einstein TIMELINE

1919

1905

Photoelectric effectAND SPECIAL THEORY OF REALTIVITY

1879

Experimental Confirmation of General Relativity

Birth of Albert EINSTEIN

1900

1915

General Theory of Relativity

Graduation

Einstein TIMELINE

1921

1939

Einstein and the Atomic Bomb

Nobel Prize in Physics

1955

1933

Death of Albert Einstein

Emigration to the United States

General Theory of Relativity

• Theory: Einstein proposes that gravity is not a force but a result of the curvature of space-time caused by massive objects. This theory replaces Newton’s concept of gravity.
• Impact: General relativity fundamentally alters the understanding of gravity, predicting phenomena like black holes and the bending of light by gravity.

Special Theory of Relativity

1905, Miracle year

• Theory: Einstein’s theory shows that time and space are relative and depend on the observer’s frame of reference. The theory culminates in the famous equation E = mc^2 , showing the relationship between mass and energy.
• Impact: This theory revolutionizes physics, changing the understanding of space, time, and motion.

Collaboration with David Hilbert

• Context: Einstein and mathematician David Hilbert simultaneously work on the field equations of general relativity. Hilbert’s mathematical insights help refine Einstein’s theory.
• Impact: This collaboration is crucial for the final formulation of the theory’s complex mathematical structure.

Emigration to the United States

• Context: Einstein leaves Germany after the rise of the Nazi regime and settles in the U.S., where he becomes a professor at Princeton’s Institute for Advanced Study.
• Impact: In the U.S., Einstein becomes a prominent public figure, speaking out against fascism and advocating for peace.

Nobel prize

Event: Einstein is awarded the Nobel Prize for his explanation of the photoelectric effect, not for relativity, which was still controversial at the time. Impact: This recognition establishes Einstein’s place as a leading figure in theoretical physics.

Einstein and the Atomic Bomb

• Context: Although a pacifist, Einstein co-signs a letter to President Roosevelt urging the development of atomic research, fearing Nazi Germany’s potential progress in nuclear weapons.

• Impact: This letter leads to the establishment of the Manhattan Project, although Einstein himself did not directly participate in the bomb’s development.

Arthur Stanley Eddington and the Solar Eclipse Experiment

• Context: During a solar eclipse, Eddington observes the bending of starlight by the Sun’s gravity, confirming Einstein’s predictions from general relativity.
• Impact: This experimental confirmation catapults Einstein to global fame and solidifies the theory of general relativity.

Photoelectric effect

1905, Miracle year

WHAT IS LIGHT ?

• Theory: Proposed that light behaves both as a wave and as particles, introducing the idea of “quanta” of light (photons).

• Impact: This discovery laid the foundation for quantum mechanics, for which Einstein later received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921.