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are more complex, larger, and contain membrane-bound organelles, such as the nucleus. Eukaryotes can be single-celled or multicellular, including plants, animals, fungi, and protists.

Eukaryotic cell

Microvelli tiny, finger-like projections on the surface of cells that increase surface area to enhance absorption and secretion functions.

Plasmatic Membrane A selectively permeable barrier that controls the entry and exit of substances into and out of the cell.

Mitochondria The powerhouse of the cell, generating energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration.

Ribosomes Small structures that assemble proteins by translating mRNA into polypeptide chains.

Lysosomes Contain digestive enzymes that break down waste, damaged organelles, and foreign materials.

Nucleus The control center of the cell, housing DNA and regulating gene expression.

Endoplasmic reticulum A network of membranes where proteins (rough ER) and lipids (smooth ER) are synthesized and transported.

Golgi Apparatus Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport to their final destinations.

Cytoplasm The jelly-like substance that fills the cell, providing a medium for chemical reactions and organelle support.

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