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Transcript

Berritta Angela e Cangelosi Noemi5HA.S. 2024/25

Romanticism in Spain

ROMANTIC literature in Spain

01

Jose de espronceda

José de Espronceda is one of the most important poets of Romanticism in Spain. His life was stormy and rebellious, so reflects the themes of the Romantic movement. His main work is called “El Estudiante de Salamanca”, a narrative poem that is a perfect example of Romanticism with its tragic protagonist and its gothic atmosphere. The main themes of the story are love, death and fate, in fact like many Romantics he explores the connection between love and death with a tragic tone. Another theme is the theme of nature, which is seen as a refuge of sublime beauty from the corrupt society of the time.

becquer

Bécquer was born into a family with artistic inclinations. His poetry is characterized by its simplicity, emotional depth, and exploration of themes like love and melancholy. Loneliness and Melancholy: Many of Bécquer’s works analyze the Romantic fascination with introspection and the darker aspects of the human experience. Nature and the Supernatural: His prose works, particularly the “Leyendas,” analyze some elements of the supernatural and are set against the backdrop of natur.

ROMANTIC art in spain

02

goya

Goya is considered one of the precursors of Romanticism in Spain, in fact he is known for his ability to represent intense emotions in his works, typical of Romanticism. His works, especially the “black paintings”, deal with the relationship between man and nature and also themes such as madness and death, like the Romantics. One of Goya's most important works is "The Sleep of Reason Generates Monsters". The work shows a sleeping man surrounded by monstrous creatures that represent irrationality and the supernatural, themes of Romanticism. The protagonist represents the individual in conflict with himself, another theme of Romanticism. With this work Goya criticizes the idea of ​​the Enlightenment that reason can solve all human problems, instead Romanticism recognizes the limits of reason.

Jenaro Pérez Villaamil, born 1807 in Spain, was a prominent Romantic painter known for his landscapes and architectural scenes. One of the most important artist work was: “España artística y monumental” (Artistic and Monumental Spain): This is a collection and it published in three volumes. It features views and descriptions of notable Spanish monuments and is considered one of the most important works of its kind by a Spanish artist. His style is deeply rooted in Romanticism, characterized by an emphasis on emotion, dramatic contrasts, and a fascination with the past.

villaamil

03

politics and economics in Spain

political context

The Romantic period in Spain was influenced by the Spanish War of Independence. This conflict against the Napoleonic invasion marked the beginning of Romanticism in Spain because the struggle for independence inspired many romantic artists. During this war was promulgated the Constitution of 1812, known as "La Pepa", this was one of the earliest constitutions in Europe, promoting liberal ideas. After Napoleon's defeat, the Bourbon monarchy was restored. This period is characterized by an alternation of liberalism and conservatism, with frequent revolutionary movements.

The Romantic period in Spain was a period of transition from an agricultural society to urbanization and industrialization. In fact, during the early 19th century, Spain was still an agricultural society, but because of inefficient techniques and poor production began the urbanation and the development of the first industries, even if slower than other European countries because of the lack of natural resources and political instability of Spain. In addition, the construction of railways and roads contributed to economic progress by opening new trade opportunities.

economic context