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Italian Fascism

JOSÉ MARÍA ABELLÁN OJADOS

Created on October 23, 2024

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Transcript

Italian fascism

1919

1921

1922

Aug. '22

Aug. '22

The blackshirts
National fascist party
Marching on Rome
The Regime
The Regime (2)

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Italy was the frist European democracy to establish a totalitarial government. Altough the country had fought with the victorious, allied porwers,Italians were deeply dissappointed by the Treaty of Versailles, Moreover the war had left the country in crisis. High levels of unemployment increased social unrest and led to protests and strikes.

  • He intervened in the economy and reduced unemployment by nationalising mines and industries and pormoting public works
  • He began an intense propaganda campaign which was characterised by self-glorification and demanded todal obedience from Italian people. He became knwon as Il Duce ("the leader.")
  • He controlled education and used it to indoctrinate the younger population and promote the image of women as housewives and mothers.

National Fascist Party

In 1921, Mussolini founded the National Fascist Party. The party pitted unity against individualism and proposed a single-party system as a means to achieving stability. He quickly won the support of the middle class because they believed he could restore order.(He didn't lol)

March on Rome

When a general strike was called in August 1922, Mussolini replaced striking workers with party members. This caused the strike to fail and incresed the popularity of his party. In October he summoned fascists to participate in his March on Rome. Thousands of Blackshirts took part in the mass demonstration and threatened to take the government by force. This resulted in King Emmanuel III handing power over to Mussolini

  • He obtained full powers from parliament and made the National Fascist Part the offcial party. Other parties were banned
  • He imposed censorship, limited workers rights and used bureaucracy and the OVRA to contros and assassinate his political enemies.
  • He began Italy's expansion into Abyssinia and Ethiopia to increase the country's colonial possessions.

The fascist Blackshirts

In this context, Benito mussolini created his unofficial army of fascist Blackshirts. This paramilitary ultra-nationalist group attacked those they considered enemies of the state: strikers, socialists and communists.