Renaissance music
Phebe
Created on October 23, 2024
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Transcript
START
Classical Music
Renaissance
Summary
In French, the word renaissance means "rebirth" or "revival." During the Renaissance, artists and thinkers revived the best of ancient Greece and Rome. Renaissance architects designed buildings with arches and pillars to resemble the structures of ancient Rome. The writings of Pythagoras, Plato, and Aristotle became popular again. Artists painted subjects based on Greek and Roman themes.Meanwhile, musicians improved on medieval styles. They looked to the philosophers of Greece and Rome for inspiration and also invented new instruments and techniques of their own.
Index
The Reinassance History
Renaissance Music Introduction
Music Theory
Music Traditions
Composers
Instruments
Sacred Music
Secular Music
Interactive question
keywords
Closure
+ History
+ Literature
+ Artists
The Renaissance
Historical Context
- Rebirth and Revitilaztion - Northern vs Southern Renaissance- New thinking in art, science, education, and music-Notable figures: Henry VIII, Michaelangelo, Martin Luther, Monteverdi, Medici Family, Shakespeare
Renaissance Music
Inspiration
Renaissance artists believed in humanism, as well as wanted to emulate the Greeks, who's music they have never heard.
Focus
Renaissance musicians were not interested in the role of music in maintaining political stability; they were more interested in moving people in the same way that Greek musicians had, they sought to appeal to people on an emotional level.
Theory
The division of the octave into 12 equal parts, the importance of the triad Opens in modal popup windowas opposed to the interval, and the major and minor scales.
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Theory
Imitative Counter Point
a type of polyphonic composition in which instruments and voices enter one at a time, each playing or singing a similar musical idea upon its entrance
Canons
a piece in polyphonic style in which a complete subject is imitated by one or more voices at fixed intervals of pitch and time
Canonic motet
Canon using sacred language
Melodic Contour
the distinct shape of a melodic line as defined by the intervals between each note and the notes that precede and follow it
Word Painting
music that illustrates the literal or figurative meaning of the words
Patronage
a system of sponsoring and encouraging organizations or individuals to pursue activities that supported the social, religious, artistic, or political ambitions of the patron
Renaissance Composers
Giovanni Gabrieli
1557-1612
- From Italy- polychoral style- "Surround Soung"- music director at St. Mark's Cathedra
Tomás Luis de Victoria
1548-1611
- From Spain-joined a monastery and served as its music director- serve the Empress Maria-devoted himself to sacred music-complicated polyphony- word painting
Michael Praetorius
1571-1621
- From Germany-Protestant composer- court music director- Influenced by Gabrieli-chorale concerto -wrote about music- Wrote Secular and Sacred
Renaissance Composers
Martin Luther
1483-1546
- From Germany- started Protestant Reformation-composer and poet- Lutheran chorale
Claude Goudimel
1514/20-1572
- From France- Protestant- murdered for beliefs- Chansons, and Psalters, masses and motets
Church of England
- From England- Anglican chant-anthem- long and short services
Harpsichord
Instruments
Strings
Brass
Woodwinds
Sacred Songs
Due to the church branching out, and new demonitions (branches) of the christian church developing sacred music adapted to include more human themes, and include instruments. Women and the "congregation"/ audience were allowed to take a more active role inside the church. Music was still used as political and religious propoganda.
Secular Songs
Secular music grew in popularity and social standing during the reinassance period. Secular music began to have common forms, and elite forms. Traditional music leaned towards the more common form. Classical secular music is the more structured form of music.
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Key Words
- canon : a piece in polyphonic style in which a complete subject is imitated by one or more voices at fixed intervals of pitch and time
- humanism: the intellectual movement that characterized the Renaissance, emphasizing human capabilities and the revival of classical literature
- imitative counterpoint : a type of polyphonic composition in which instruments and voices enter one at a time,each playing or singing a similar musical idea upon its entrance
- madrigal : an important secular form of music consisting of three to six voices, often in Italian
- melodic contour : the distinct shape of a melodic line as defined by the intervals between each note and the notes that precede and follow it
- patronage : a system of sponsoring and encouraging organizations or individuals to pursue activities that supported the social, religious, artistic, or political ambitions of the patron
- Renaissance (REH-nuh-sahns) : period of great European cultural achievement that lasted from the late fourteenth to the early seventeenth century; the term renaissance, which means “rebirth,” refers to a renewed interest in classical civilizations
- triad : a three-note chord
- word painting : music that illustrates the literal or figurative meaning of the words
Join us for Boroque music!
Exploring History
- Invention of the Printing Press: Once the printing press was invented, information could be spread quickly - Henry the VIII: Created the holy church of england, fought against catholicism-Tudor Castle-More about Henry - Martin Luther: After leaving the Catholic church he created a more personal religion
Es ist Rose
Dances from Terpsichore
When you listen to the excerpt, notice that the highest voice begins first, singing a simple six-note melody. Two measures later, the next voice enters, singing the same melody but starting five steps lower. The remaining two voices continue this pattern.
Psalter: Psalm 23
Songs of Guidance
Often Sacred music included themes of guidance, security, and plans in how to live a Christian Life style.
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Enter: The Violin
Most impactful Classical Instrument
In Cremona, Italy, the mid-sixteenth century, an instrument maker named Andrea Amati introduced a new sound to the world. Amati was a luthier—a builder of different types of stringed instruments. The Medici family asked Amati to create an instrument with a sweeter, smoother sonority than other stringed instruments of the time. His creativity and engineering skill led him to design and develop a new instrument—the violin.
- Sweeter Sound
- Leads orchestras to this day
- Solo instrument
- Violas, cellos, and Bass derived after
Love Songs
Love songs were a common theme during the Renaissance period. This love song was a poem by Christine de Pisan (or Pizan) who was a 14th-century French writer who was wed at 15 and widowed at 25, and dedicated her output of love-lyrics to the memory of her late husband to whom she was utterly devoted.
In this form of composition, multiple voices or instruments start various complementary musical themes at different times so that they overlap with each another.
Death Songs
Requiems, or funeral masses were supposed to represent death and acceptance.
Jubilate Deo
Sacred Music
As the church lost it's power in society, the church used music to try to attract people. During this time instruments were introduced into sacred music.
Medieval Time
Word painting was first used in Medieval madrigals. This paractice continued on into the Renaissance time
Anglican Chant
Anglican Anthem
Common Sacred Songs
During Catholic services/masses there was a typical order of songs that were included:Kyrie: Kyrie eleison (Lord have mercy) Gloria: Gloria in excelsis Deo (Glory to God in the highest) Credo: Credo in unum Deum (I believe in one God) Santus: Holy, Holy, Holy. Agnus Dei (Lamb of God)
Satire and Comedy
Renaissance composers used satire and medieval madrigals to reflecton Greece and the government.
The crumhorn is a double reed instrument of the woodwind family, most commonly used during the Renaissance period. In modern times, particularly since the 1960s, there has been a revival of interest in early music, and crumhorns are being played again.
Greek Music Influence
Renaissance artists used Greek mythology in their music.
Laments
Dramatizing tragic events was a hallmark of the renaissance time. This piece is thought to be Anne Boleyn's "lament" from before she was executed by her husband, King Henry VIII.
Harpsichord was the precursor to the piano. There were one to two keyboards, and no floor pedals to sustain notes unlike the modern piano. The haprsichord had a tinnier sound and was very hard to keep in tune. Often the inside of the lid and the body of the instrument were artistically decorated and painted.
Professionals Musician:
IUp until this time in history professional musicians did not exist.
O vos Omnes
Explore Artists
Michaelangelo (1475-1564)Sistine Chapel:Bio:Leonardo de Vinci (1452-1590)Invention Gallery:Bio:Donatello (1386-1486)Bio:
Explore Literature
Niccolo Machiavelli:Wrote the Prince"End justifies the means"William Shakespeare:Most influential Playwright
Lutheran Hymn
Cornetto and sackbuts are carry overs from the medieval era. But the cornetto became a more central figure and led to the creation of the trumpet, and euphonium family later.
Frottolas
Italian Frottolas were Italian "lie" madrigals. Translating as ‘a lie’ or ‘a childish deceit’, frottolas are often simple, with repetitive melodies and homophonic textures.
Pavane and Galliard
The pavanne is a more solemn stately dance in a duple meter (in twos). Its participants dance and move around with prearranged stopping and starting places with the music. Pavannes are more formal and used in such settings. The galliard is in triple meter (in threes) and provides an alternative to the rhythms of the pavanne.
Sacred Love
Themes of "God's love" were not popular in this time. Love was more focused on honoring God.