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Women in PlaceThe politics of gender segregation in iran

Associate Professor of International StudiesSimon Fraser Universitynazanin_shahrokni@sfu.ca

Nazanin Shahrokni

Re-Placing Women, Remaking the State: Gender, Islam and the Politics of Place Making

Soccer Goals and Political Points: The Gender Politics of Stadium Access

Happy and Healthy in the Mothers' Paradise: Women Only Parks and the Expansion of the State

Boundaries in Motion: Sisters, Citizens and Consumers Get on the Bus

The Politics of Gender Segregation in Iran

Provider

Protector

Prohibitor

Different Faces of the State

2000s

1980s

CASE STUDIES

GENDER SEGREGATION acrossSPACE & TIME

Wuthering Heights

Women-Only Parks across Tehran

Providing Women Only Parks

Coordinating Outdoor Exercise

Prohibiting Outdoor Exercise

Provision

Coordination

Prohibition

PARKCHAPTER

BUS CHAPTER

In Search of a Blueprint

"It’s not like there was a manual about Islamization of the bus space. We did what we thought was right, what we were told was right. Did we make mistakes along the way? Yes, we did. It was all an experiment. We were creating the manual as we went."- Valiollah Chahpoor, Former director of the Bus Company of Tehran, 2009

Stretching into the everyday

Women in & Out of Place

The exigencies of domestic and international political, economic, & bureaucratic circumstances on occasions require the state not to rigidly police gender boundaries...

The terms inclusion and exclusion do not readily convey the complexity and multiplicity of experiences, gratifications, and predicaments of being in and out of place...

Flexible Sexism

Differential Exclusion/Inclusion

Segeregation

marginalized communities may voluntarily separate to create spaces for political organization, cultural preservation, and solidarity away from dominant influences. Examples include women’s separatist movements, Black nationalism, and queer communes that empower members and challenge social order autonomously.

is imposed by the state or dominant forces to control marginalized communities. Examples include apartheid in South Africa, Jim Crow laws in the U.S., and Israel's segregation policies against Palestinians. Segregation reinforces power hierarchies by limiting the rights and opportunities of these groups.

As a Tool of Resistance

As a Tool of Governance