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Linette Martinez

Eportfolio

English IV Ernesto Flores Morales

Present Percfect

The present perfect is a verb tense that shows actions that happened at some time in the past but are important now. It is used to: -Talk about experiences, “I have traveled to Spain.” -Describe actions that started in the past and are still true “I have lived here for five years.” -Mention recent actions that are relevant now “She has finished her homework.”

Past simple

The past simple tense is used to describe actions that were completed in the past. It is often used with a specific time reference. Structure: Regular verbs: base form + -ed Example: walk → walked Irregular verbs: change to the specific past form Example: go → went -I visited my grandparents last weekend. -She watched a movie yesterday. -They went to the park last summer.

Present perfect continuous

The present perfect continuous is a verb tense that shows actions that started in the past and have continued up to now, often with a focus on the duration.It is used to: -Emphasize how long something has been happening, “I have been studying for three hours.” -Describe actions that are still in progress “They have been playing football all afternoon.” -Talk about recent actions that have an effect on the present, “She looks tired because she has been working a lot.”

Modal verbs of deduction

Modal verbs express degrees of certainty or possibility regarding a situation. Must Used when you are certain about something based on evidence. Example: She must be at home; her car is in the driveway. Might / May Used when something is possible but not certain. Example: He might be late; there could be traffic. Can't / Couldn't Used to indicate that something is impossible or highly unlikely. Example: She can't be at the party; I just saw her at the store.

Genially

Comparative and superlative

Comparatives are used to compare two things or people and superlatives are used to show the highest degree among three or more things or people. Comparatives: My house is bigger than yours. She is happier today than yesterday. This book is more interesting than that one. Superlatives: She is the tallest in her class. This is the happiest day of my life. He is the most interesting person I know.

Modal Verbs possibilities

Might Indicates a low level of possibility. Example: It might rain later. May Similar to "might," but can suggest a slightly higher level of possibility. Example: She may come to the party. Could Suggests a possibility that is more hypothetical or uncertain. Example: We could go to the beach if it’s sunny. Can Indicates general possibility or ability. Example: You can see the stars clearly on a clear night.

Zero conditional

DATa

The zero conditional is used to express general truths, facts, or situations that are always true when certain conditions are met.Structure: If + present simple, present simple -If you heat water to 100 degrees Celsius, it boils. -If it rains, the ground gets wet. -If you mix red and blue, you get purple.

First conditional

The first conditional is used to talk about real and possible situations in the future. It describes an event that may happen if a certain condition is met. Structure: If + present simple, will + base form of the verb -If it rains tomorrow, I will stay home. -If she studies hard, she will pass the exam. -If they invite me, I will go to the party.

Quantifiers

Quantifiers are words or phrases used to indicate the quantity of a noun. They help specify how much or how many of something there is. some examples:-Some Used in positive sentences and questions when offering or requesting. -Any Used in negative sentences and questions.

Second conditional

The second conditional is used to talk about hypothetical or unreal situations in the present or future. It expresses situations that are unlikely or impossible. Structure: If + past simple, would + base form of the verb -If I had a million dollars, I would travel the world. -If she were taller, she would play basketball. -If they studied harder, they would get better grades.

Vocabulary

Accept - "I accept your invitation to the party." Admire - "I admire her dedication to her work." Allow - "They allow pets in this park." Borrow - "Can I borrow your book for the weekend?" Expect - "I expect the meeting to end by 5 PM." Guess - "I guess he’s around 30 years old." Hope - "I hope you have a great trip!" Leave - "She had to leave early because of an appointment." Remember - "I remember his name now." Remind - "Can you remind me about the meeting tomorrow?" Seem - "He seems happy today." Show - "Can you show me the way?" Stay - "I decided to stay home." Suggest - "I suggest you try the new restaurant." Travel - "I love to travel during the holidays." Wait - "Wait for me at the entrance." Wish - "I wish you all the best."

Favourite - "Pizza is my favourite food." Healthy - "She follows a healthy diet." Heavy - "This bag is too heavy to carry." Interested - "I’m interested in learning languages." Figure out - "I can’t figure out this math problem." Give up - "Don’t give up on your dreams!" Hang out - "Let’s hang out this weekend." Hold on - "Hold on, I’ll be right back." Look for - "I’m looking for my keys." Look like - "You look like your mother."

Linette Martinez

SECOND PARTIAL

English IV Ernesto Flores Morales

Modal Verbs of ability

Describe a pearson's capacity to do something. Present: can / can't (for both general and specific ability) Past: could / couldn't (for general ability) was able to / couldn't (for specific ability) could + have + past participle (an ability someone had in the past, but didn't use) Future: will / won't be able to (general ability) can / can't (specific ability)

modal verbs: obligation & necessity,

Obligation We use have to and must to express obligation. must Must expresses a strong obligation or necessity. It often shows us that the obligation comes from the speaker.

Modals of Necessity “must,” “have to” and “have got to” show that something is not optional; it is necessary. Have got to is most common in informal speech. Have to is used modal of obligation

Passive Voice

used to show interest in the person or object that experiences an action rather than the person or object that performs the action. Active Voice -----------------Passive Voice I ate the strawberry pie ---- The strawberry pie was eaten by me I bought a Honda car ---- A Honda car was bought by me The sun rises from the east ---- East is where the sun rises from Reema can do skydiving ----- Skydiving can be done by Reema

Linette Martinez

FINAL PARTIAL

English IV Ernesto Flores Morales

Verb patterns

Verb patterns refer to those verbs that need to be followed by another verb.Depending on the first verb, the second verb will be used in the form of a gerund (-ing) or an infinitive.

Reported questions

A reported question is when we tell someone what another person asked. To do this, we can use direct speech or indirect speech.

My reflection

n this class, I had the chance to deepen my understanding of various verb tenses, like the past simple, present perfect, and even some future forms. The structure of the lessons, combined with group discussions and interactive activities, made learning engaging and easy to remember. These dynamic activities, especially the games, helped me absorb information in a fun way and encouraged active participation and teamwork. The quizzes were helpful for reviewing and reinforcing what I was learning, and I feel proud of seeing how much my confidence in speaking English has grown.However, I realize that there are still areas I need to improve, particularly expanding my vocabulary. Sometimes I feel limited by the words I know, which makes it harder to express ideas clearly. To work on this, I plan to spend more time reading a variety of materials, like books, articles, and stories, and to make an effort to use new words in daily conversations. This way, I hope to communicate more precisely and fluently. Looking ahead to the next term, I’d love to see more speaking-focused activities, like role-plays or group presentations, as they help me practice real-life communication skills. While I understand the importance of assessments, I feel that too many tests can sometimes create pressure that affects my learning experience. Integrating more creative projects—whether through storytelling, presentations, or group assignments—would provide a fun way to apply what I’ve learned in a meaningful context. These projects not only make the lessons more enjoyable but also reinforce skills and knowledge in a practical, memorable way.

Genially

Self-evaluation

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