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Modular design is an approach that divides a system into smaller, independent, and interchangeable components or modules, each with a specific function, to enable easier development, maintenance, and scalability.

Define Modular Design

The measure of how focused the responsibilities of a single module are.

What is Cohesion?

The modules don't have many interconnections.

What does it mean for a moudle to have low coupling?

3. Scalability: With modular design, the system can grow or change more easily. New features or components can be added as separate modules, which allows the system to scale without needing a complete overhaul. This flexibility supports both system growth and adaptability.

1. Reusability: Modules are designed to be independent, so they can be reused across different parts of a project or even in other projects. This reduces duplication of effort and makes development more efficient.
2. Maintainability: Modular design makes it easier to isolate and fix issues, test individual components, and update or enhance specific parts of a system without affecting the whole. This leads to simpler maintenance and improved software quality.

What are the three main reasons that modular design is important?

You will need to forcibly create concrete boundaries by creating packages, interfaces etc.

How will you know if your design is modular?

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Layering is a special case of modular design. Here modules are organized into layers. Modules in an upper layer are allowed to use the modules in the lower layer below it.

What do you understand by layered design?

• Web Applications: Typically follow a layered architecture with a presentation layer (UI), business logic layer, and data access layer, making it easier to manage user interactions, application logic, and database operations separately.
• Operating Systems: Often structured in layers, such as hardware abstraction, kernel, and user interface layers, which help manage interactions between hardware, core system functions, and user-facing applications.

Give two examples of layered design in real-life complex software

• Scalability: Each layer can be scaled independently, allowing for better performance
• Reusability: Components can be reused across layers
• Ease of Maintence: Changes in one layer don't usally impacts others
• Seperation: Each layer handles a specific function

What are a few outstanding benefits of using layered design?