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Seizure Producible
Nakecia P
Created on October 21, 2024
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Transcript
Seizure Producible
Discuss the pathophysiology of seizures while listing medical conditions that can cause them.
iv. There are several common causes of seizures, for example: 1. A high fever 2. Infection 3. Poisoning 4. Hyper or Hypoglycemia 5. A traumatic brain injury 6. Shock 7. Stroke 8. Drug or Alcohol Withdrawals 9. Heart Dysrhythmias 10. Hypertension 11. Eclampsia (Pregnancy Complication) 12. Hypoxia 13. Blood Electrolyte imbalance 14. Hyperthermia 15. Idiopathic (Unknown cause)
i. Excitation of a group of suspectable neurons in the cerebral cortex of the brain. ii. The neuros begin discharging electrical impulses which recruit surrounding large groups of neurons. (This is known as recruitment) iii. Once a critical mass of neurons is involved, the patient begins showing obvious signs and symptoms.
For Generalized seizures, they are broken up even further based off it is a convulsive or non-convulsive seizure. Generalized Seizures are seizures that involve the entire brain and there are 6 different types: a. Tonic-Clonic (Grand Mal) (Generalized Convulsive Seizure) b. Absence (Generalized Non-Convulsive Seizure) c. Myoclonic (Generalized Non-Convulsive Seizure) d. Tonic (Generalized Non-Convulsive Seizure) e. Atonic (Generalized Non-Convulsive Seizure) f. Febrile (A Tonic-Clonic due to a high fever that is most common in children) (Generalized Non-Convulsive Seizure)
There are several types of seizures that occur depending on the location of the brain and they are broke up into two main types: A generalized seizure and a partial seizure.
You are dispatched to a 36 year old male who is having a seizure. When the you arrive on scene, you find the patient sitting up against a wall. He is disoriented and is agitated. What initial management is indicated for this patient?
Partial Seizures, also called a Focal seizure involves only one part of the brain in one hemisphere v. With these seizures, the patient can be awake and unaware or have full awareness. vi. There are several forms of partial seizures as well. These seizures are when the patient is able to retain their awareness: 1. Simple partial 2. Simple Partial motor 3. Simple partial Sensory 4. Simple Partial Autonomic 5. Simple Partial Psychic vii. When a patient is having a focal onset unaware seizure, it is called a Complex Partial.
The initial management would be to secure the airway and make sure its patent. After securing the airway and using the ABC method, we can further assess the patient to rule out any additional life threatening conditions or injuries that the patient may have acquired from their seizure.
During the scene size up, we would get an idea based off the information given to us from dispatch, this will tell us the location of the patient and we may even get an idea on if this is a common occurrence or not, although this would depend on if the bystanders know the patient or not. Even if they do not, they may have an idea on how long the seizure has been going on for / went on for so EMS can determine the type of seizure / pass along the pertinent info to the hospital if the patient decides that they would like to go. During the primary assessment of the patient we would use our ABCs to secure the airway, breathing and circulation. Afterwards, we can see if there are any life-threatening injuries that the patient sustained during their seizure. Once that is completed, we can begin our secondary assessment by obtaining vitals and history.