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Leadership
Carondalette Wilson
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Leadership
Carondalette WilsonDepartment of Psychology, Southeastern University PSYC 2033: Industrial & Organizational Psychology Professor Cladovan October 8, 2024
WhaT is leadership
Leadership is the process by which an individual influences a group of people to achieve a common goal. Some key elements are influence, motivation, and goal achievement.
Five sources of power
Referent Power
Coercive Power
Legitimate Power
Expert Power
Reward Power
Power from expertise or knowledge.
Power from the ability to punish.
Power through the ability to provide rewards.
Power from a formal position or role.
Power from being admired or respected.
sources of power example
Referent Power
Coercive Power
Legitimate Power
Expert Power
Reward Power
CEO of a corporation. Example Leader: Tim Cook who is the CEO of Apple, has legitimate authority due to his position.
Thought leaders and specialists. Example Leader: Elon Musk, CEO of SpaceX and Tesla, whose expertise drives innovation.
Military officers Example Leader: General Patton, known for discipline and authority in wartime.
Managers controlling bonuses or promotions. Example Leader: Sheryl Sandberg, COO of Facebook, rewards employees for performance.
Charismatic leaders. Example Leader: Oprah Winfrey, admired for her influence and personal brand.
Theories Of Leadership
04
01
Trait Approach
Transformational Leadership
Focuses on leaders' inherent traits such as intelligence, confidence, charisma.
Focuses on inspiring followers to transcend their self-interests for the good of the organization.
05
02
Behavioral Approach
Transactional Leadership
Focuses on the behaviors of leaders, task-oriented vs. people-oriented.
Focuses on exchanges or transactions between leaders and followers.
03
Contingency Theories
Leadership is contingent on the situation
Trait theory
Leaders are born with certain traits that make them effective.
Examples of traits: decisivenessassertiveness integrity.
Behavioral theory
Focuses on what leaders “do”, rather than what they are.
Leadership styles: autocratic, democratic, laissez-faire.
Situational Leadership
Leadership style varies depending on the situation and the needs of the team.
Leaders must adapt their style based on follower readiness.
Transformational Leadership
Focuses on creating a vision and inspiring followers to achieve more than they thought possible.
Emphasizes vision, inspiration, and change.
Transactional Leadership
Leaders provide rewards and punishments based on follower performance.
Works well for stable environments but lacks focus on long-term change.
Theory of Leadership That Sticks Out to Me
Transformational Leadership stands out because it focuses on: Inspiring and motivating employees. Encouraging innovation and personal growth. Promoting a sense of purpose and engagement within the organization. Example Leader: Nelson Mandela is a leader who used transformational leadership to inspire change.
Why Transformational Leadership Sticks Out
Long term vision
Inspiration
Engagement
This leadership style creates stronger emotional bonds between leaders and their followers.
Transformational leaders focus on making a lasting impact on both the organization and its people.
It fosters creativity and innovation, which is essential in today’s fast changing environment.
Key takeaway
Transformational leadership stands out for its ability to inspire and create long-term change.
Various leadership theories and approaches help us understand how leaders operate in different contexts.
Power in organizations comes from various sources, and leaders use different forms of power to exert influence.
Leadership is about influencing others to achieve a common goal.
Self-awareness
Knowing your strengths, weaknesses, and emotions.
Self Regulation
Ability to control emotions and impulses.
Emotional Intelligence
Motivation
Being driven to achieve beyond external rewards.
The ability to recognize, understand, and manage our own emotions and the emotions of others.
Empathy
Understanding others' emotions.
Social Skills
Building rapport and managing relationships effectively.
Ethical Leadership
Leadership that is directed by respect for ethical beliefs and values, and for the dignity and rights of others.
Concern for the well-being of employees.
Integrity and transparency.
Fairness and justice.
How Leaders Shape Culture
Communication: Leaders promote culture through their communication styles and messages.
Rewards and recognition: Leaders influence culture through what they reward and punish.
Modeling behavior: Leaders set the tone for acceptable behavior.
Organizational Culture: The shared values, beliefs, and norms within an organization.
References