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Transcript

I s l a m i c T r a v e l e r s

Merchant

Soldier

Sufi

I s l a m i c T r a v e l e r s

Merchant

Return to Title

Next

I have made my way to a new city called Baghdad. Our ways and religion are still new here. One day as I was setting up my wares, the call to prayer was heard throughout the city. I aligned myself toward the southwest so I may direct my prayers to the Holy city of Mecca. After I finished, a young man wearing local clothes approached me. Excuse me," the man began, "What was that, that you were just doing right now?" Though just a merchant, I too believe in the word of Allah. I explained to the young man, "Five times a day we pray. It is part of our Five Pillars." "Five pillars?" I explained that to practice Islam is to practice the Five Pillars: Belief, Prayer, Charity, Fasting, and Pilgrimage. The young seemed intrigued. "Next time, perhaps I will pray with you and you tell me more?" I shook hands with him with a smile. “It would be my pleasure.”

Baghdad-Merchant

I s l a m i c T r a v e l e r s

Merchant

Return to Title

Return

I have made my way to a new city called Baghdad. Our ways and religion are still new here. One day as I was setting up my wares, the call to prayer was heard throughout the city. I aligned myself toward the southwest so I may direct my prayers to the Holy city of Mecca. After I finished, a young man wearing local clothes approached me. Excuse me," the man began, "What was that, that you were just doing right now?" Though just a merchant, I too believe in the word of Allah. I explained to the young man, "Five times a day we pray. It is part of our Five Pillars." "Five pillars?" I explained that to practice Islam is to practice the Five Pillars: Belief, Prayer, Charity, Fasting, and Pilgrimage. The young seemed intrigued. "Next time, perhaps I will pray with you and you tell me more?" I shook hands with him with a smile. “It would be my pleasure.”

Baghdad-Merchant

Next

I have traveled along the sea and through the desert to a trading post called Timbuktu. It is a very thriving and bustling place. I see merchants from all over the world. These merchants are not like me, they do not carry their wares from one place to another. Instead, they meet and talk and talk, and make arrangements. I am different and hope the locals will notice. I travel with my wares. This is a new type of trade, a direct trade, and I hope I will be successful here.

Timbuktu-Merchant

I s l a m i c T r a v e l e r s

Merchant

Return to Title

Return

I have made my way to a new city called Baghdad. Our ways and religion are still new here. One day as I was setting up my wares, the call to prayer was heard throughout the city. I aligned myself toward the southwest so I may direct my prayers to the Holy city of Mecca. After I finished, a young man wearing local clothes approached me. Excuse me," the man began, "What was that, that you were just doing right now?" Though just a merchant, I too believe in the word of Allah. I explained to the young man, "Five times a day we pray. It is part of our Five Pillars." "Five pillars?" I explained that to practice Islam is to practice the Five Pillars: Belief, Prayer, Charity, Fasting, and Pilgrimage. The young seemed intrigued. "Next time, perhaps I will pray with you and you tell me more?" I shook hands with him with a smile. “It would be my pleasure.”

Baghdad-Merchant

Return

I have traveled along the sea and through the desert to a trading post called Timbuktu. It is a very thriving and bustling place. I see merchants from all over the world. These merchants are not like me, they do not carry their wares from one place to another. Instead, they meet and talk and talk, and make arrangements. I am different and hope the locals will notice. I travel with my wares. This is a new type of trade, a direct trade, and I hope I will be successful here.

Timbuktu-Merchant

Return

A most wonderful thing has happened! In my work here in al-Andalus. I have met my bride, the love of my life, Isabel. She is a local maiden whose father owns a small sheep farm on the outskirts of town. Her family is overjoyed at the prospect of our union. One thing did stand in our way: our faiths. Isabel and her family have been raised in the Catholic faith, and not Islam. Happily, Isabel and her entire family are willing to convert to Islam. I am a blessed man indeed. I have a thriving business, a lovely new wife, and a new family to share my faith.

Cordoba-Merchant

I s l a m i c T r a v e l e r s

Soldier

Return to Title

Next

Code of Honor: I go to war for the great Caliphate, the Islamic Empire, to bring foreign lands under Islam. I go with the Guidance of Muhammad. He has commanded us: “Stop, O people, that I may give you ten rules for your guidance in the battlefield. Do not commit treachery or deviate from the right path. You must not mutilate dead bodies. Neither kill a child, nor a woman, nor an aged man. Bring no harm to the trees, nor burn them with fire, especially those which are fruitful. Slay not any of the enemy's flock, save for your food. You are likely to pass by people who have devoted their lives to monastic services; leave them alone.”

Mecca-Soldier

Soldier

I s l a m i c T r a v e l e r s

Return to Title

Return

Mecca-Soldier

Code of Honor: I go to war for the great Caliphate, the Islamic Empire, to bring foreign lands under Islam. I go with the Guidance of Muhammad. He has commanded us: “Stop, O people, that I may give you ten rules for your guidance in the battlefield. Do not commit treachery or deviate from the right path. You must not mutilate dead bodies. Neither kill a child, nor a woman, nor an aged man. Bring no harm to the trees, nor burn them with fire, especially those which are fruitful. Slay not any of the enemy's flock, save for your food. You are likely to pass by people who have devoted their lives to monastic services; leave them alone.”

Next

Over the course of our march, we have expanded into the new city of Baghdad. There are many different people living here. Though Baghdad has not been established long, it is already a bustling place. Some depressed and hungry men have been noticing our glorious armor, our quarters and our food with envy. One asks me, “How do you get these things?” “I fight for the glory of our Empire,” I tell him with pride. “This pay well?” He gestures at my rations. “It does.” This man goes away in thought, but I see him again the next day speaking to our commander. With him are four more men. I can’t overhear, but whatever the commander has said to them has changed their faces from gloom to happiness. They leave in a great hurry, and I ask my commander about the exchange. “They wish to fight with our troops.” The commander answers my question. “What did you tell them?” The commander looks serious. “If they accept Islam and the ways of Muhammad, we will welcome them. They seemed very eager.” He pauses, “But we must watch our new brothers. Muhammad will not tolerate false worshipers.” I nod in earnest. It will be good to have new men join the army, and it will be good to have more followers of Islam. Baghdad might turn out to be a great stop in our journey after all.

Baghdad-Soldier

Soldier

I s l a m i c T r a v e l e r s

Return to Title

Return

Mecca-Soldier

Code of Honor: I go to war for the great Caliphate, the Islamic Empire, to bring foreign lands under Islam. I go with the Guidance of Muhammad. He has commanded us: “Stop, O people, that I may give you ten rules for your guidance in the battlefield. Do not commit treachery or deviate from the right path. You must not mutilate dead bodies. Neither kill a child, nor a woman, nor an aged man. Bring no harm to the trees, nor burn them with fire, especially those which are fruitful. Slay not any of the enemy's flock, save for your food. You are likely to pass by people who have devoted their lives to monastic services; leave them alone.”

Return

Over the course of our march, we have expanded into the new city of Baghdad. There are many different people living here. Though Baghdad has not been established long, it is already a bustling place. Some depressed and hungry men have been noticing our glorious armor, our quarters and our food with envy. One asks me, “How do you get these things?” “I fight for the glory of our Empire,” I tell him with pride. “This pay well?” He gestures at my rations. “It does.” This man goes away in thought, but I see him again the next day speaking to our commander. With him are four more men. I can’t overhear, but whatever the commander has said to them has changed their faces from gloom to happiness. They leave in a great hurry, and I ask my commander about the exchange. “They wish to fight with our troops.” The commander answers my question. “What did you tell them?” The commander looks serious. “If they accept Islam and the ways of Muhammad, we will welcome them. They seemed very eager.” He pauses, “But we must watch our new brothers. Muhammad will not tolerate false worshipers.” I nod in earnest. It will be good to have new men join the army, and it will be good to have more followers of Islam. Baghdad might turn out to be a great stop in our journey after all.

Baghdad-Soldier

Return

The Great Sultan Mehmed II has declared that we march to capture Constantinople. We all know how difficult that might be. Constantinople has stood the strength of time and thrown off past sieges with ease. But we are 80 thousand strong! Sources say Constantinople has a mere 7,000 men to protect itself. Now is the time to strike! For three months we walked toward Constantinople. When we finally see the walls of Constantinople, some of us are not as impressed. The city has the feel of being nearly abandoned. The old forts that must have protected it have all been torn down and turned into fields. The people accept our presence without any resistance. Their leader, a man named Constantine XI must not be a fool. He has sent gifts to the Sultan, hoping to be spared. The gifts were returned, the men were executed. There will be no stopping us from entering Constantinople. A few weeks later… Though we control the areas surrounding Constantinople, defeating the walled city has proven more difficult than we thought. The walls keep us out and their archers pick us off one after the other. However, Sultan Mehmed has a secret weapon. A stranger named Orban has granted us a way to break through Constainople’s walls. He will build the world's largest cannons. One cannon is 60 feet long and can hurl a solid metal ball that weighs 600 pounds over 27 feet. These massive cannons take time, but we will be patient! Days later… The cannons are ready and are firing at the walls of Constantinople. Our great leader Sultan Mehmed II has joined us on the battlefield and we are ready to strike the final blow. Three weeks later… Finally, the great city of Constantinople has fallen and shall be known as Istanbul. Any people left in the city will be given a choice, death or conversion to Islam. This great battle is over and the people of Islam are victorious.

Soldier-Constantinople

I s l a m i c T r a v e l e r s

Sufi

Return to Title

Next

Islam and the teachings of Muhammad are wise and give us many things to think upon for the brain, but my fellow comrades wish to delve deeper into the spirit of Islam. As a Sufi, I practice Islamic mysticism. We spread the teachings of Islam, but try to perfect our worship and traditions. Muhammad is a perfect guide and we strive to live our lives by his example. We form schools to read the Qur’an to search for the ultimate truth of Islam.

Mecca-Sufi

I s l a m i c T r a v e l e r s

Sufi

Return to Title

Return

Islam and the teachings of Muhammad are wise and give us many things to think upon for the brain, but my fellow comrades wish to delve deeper into the spirit of Islam. As a Sufi, I practice Islamic mysticism. We spread the teachings of Islam, but try to perfect our worship and traditions. Muhammad is a perfect guide and we strive to live our lives by his example. We form schools to read the Qur’an to search for the ultimate truth of Islam.

Mecca-Sufi

Next

We have created many lodges here in Baghdad. We have schools, hospitals, and libraries. Many people in the city come to us and we share the teachings of Muhammad and Islam. There is much disparity between the rich and poor in Baghdad and we seek to fix that. As the people learn about Islam, we also spread the idea of ‘civic associations’ with the aim of raising the living standards of their communities and towns. This has been very successful. Why, just the other day an incident occurred: A Turkish soldier tried to assault one of our female worshipers. The people gathered around and showed their fury and the soldier, who was taken away without any punishment. The next day a large group went to the Caliph and told him about the situation and merchants and local notables went to resolve the situation. No one has seen the soldier since. We must protect our brothers and sisters of the faith.

Baghdad-Sufi

Sufi

I s l a m i c T r a v e l e r s

Return to Title

Return

Islam and the teachings of Muhammad are wise and give us many things to think upon for the brain, but my fellow comrades wish to delve deeper into the spirit of Islam. As a Sufi, I practice Islamic mysticism. We spread the teachings of Islam, but try to perfect our worship and traditions. Muhammad is a perfect guide and we strive to live our lives by his example. We form schools to read the Qur’an to search for the ultimate truth of Islam.

Mecca-Sufi

Return

We have created many lodges here in Baghdad. We have schools, hospitals, and libraries. Many people in the city come to us and we share the teachings of Muhammad and Islam. There is much disparity between the rich and poor in Baghdad and we seek to fix that. As the people learn about Islam, we also spread the idea of ‘civic associations’ with the aim of raising the living standards of their communities and towns. This has been very successful. Why, just the other day an incident occurred: A Turkish soldier tried to assault one of our female worshipers. The people gathered around and showed their fury and the soldier, who was taken away without any punishment. The next day a large group went to the Caliph and told him about the situation and merchants and local notables went to resolve the situation. No one has seen the soldier since. We must protect our brothers and sisters of the faith.

Baghdad-Sufi

Return

I am proud of the Cheraman Juma Masjid Mosque at Kodungallur, but am more proud of the khanqahs, or lodges we have built here in India. Our large khanqahs are like community centers. We offer hospitals and shelter to the people here. As the Indian people join us, we educate them on the glory of Islam. Many come to us Hindu and suffer greatly from the caste system. An entire group is considered “untouchable” and we welcome them with open arms. You can see our new converts, for their heads are shaved with a bowl as they practice their new Islam rituals.

Agra-Sufi

I s l a m i c T r a v e l e r s

Merchant

Soldier

Sufi

People ask me, "what does it mean to be a Sufi?" I tell them, "a Sufi is one who has dedicated their life to the study and experience of Islam." I am on a journey to purify my soul, to leave behind worldly things, and to focus on Allah.My journey shall begin in the holy city of Mecca, and I will travel to distant lands to the east, far beyond Arabia, to teach others of Islam.

Sufi

Timbuktu is a city in Mali, West Africa that was once a center of Islamic culture and a major trading post. It is located on the southern edge of the Sahara, about 8 miles north of the Niger River. Founded in the 1100s by Tuareg nomads, Timbuktu became a major trading post and center of Islamic culture between the 13th and 16th centuries. The city was a center of Islamic scholarship, with a university and many Koranic schools. It was also a major trading center for gold, salt, slaves, and ivory. Timbuktu is home to several ancient mosques, including Djingareyber, Sankore, and Sidi Yahia. These mosques were built as centers of learning and worship.

Merchant

Timbuktu

Sufi

Mecca was located about 50 miles inland from the Red Sea. The town became a crossroads of trade. Large caravans from southwestern Arabia passed through Mecca on their way to Syria and Mesopotamia. Some cravans traveled as far away as China. Mecca was also an important religious site. In the center of the city was the Kaaba. This was a low, block-like building surrounded by statues of Arabian gods and goddesses. Prior to Muhammad, the people of Arabia worshipped many gods at the Kaaba. After Muhammad was chased out of Mecca by the religious authorities, he would return with an army and conquer the city, destroying the statues of Arabian gods and goddesses. Mecca would then become the holy city of Islam.

Mecca

Sufi

Mecca was located about 50 miles inland from the Red Sea. The town became a crossroads of trade. Large caravans from southwestern Arabia passed through Mecca on their way to Syria and Mesopotamia. Some cravans traveled as far away as China. Mecca was also an important religious site. In the center of the city was the Kaaba. This was a low, block-like building surrounded by statues of Arabian gods and goddesses. Prior to Muhammad, the people of Arabia worshipped many gods at the Kaaba. After Muhammad was chased out of Mecca by the religious authorities, he would return with an army and conquer the city, destroying the statues of Arabian gods and goddesses. Mecca would then become the holy city of Islam.

Mecca

The life of a soldier is a difficult one, but it is a life of honor and discipline. I have dedicated my life to the service of the caliphate and to the conquest of foreign lands in order to spread Islam. While war is a messy and ugly affair, I must remember the code of battle that Muhammad provided us.We are now tasked with the challenge of lifetime. We are to journey to Constantinople and lay siege to the mighty city, though many are doubting the possibility of this task. I am now in Mecca, and will so begin the long journey ahead of me.

Soldier

Merchant

Muslims warriors entered Spain from North Africa in the early 700s and began conquering the region. They brought their religion, customs, and traditions. Spanish Muslims made the city of Cordoba, also called al-Andalus, a center of Islam. Muslims in Spain were generally tolerant, or accepting, of other cultures. In some schools, Muslims, Jews, and Christians studied medicine and philosophy together. Muslim cities, such as Cordoba generally had narrow streets separateing closely packed buildings. The main buildings were mosques and palaces. Mosques are Muslim houses of worship. Another important feature of every Muslim city was the bazaar, or marketplace. Bazaars were full of shops and stalls were goods were sold.

Cordoba

Baghdad was located at the crossroads of trade routes that linked Africa, Europe, and Asia. By the mid-800s, the city had become a center of trade, learning, and culture and became the capital of the Abbasid empire. Abbasid caliphs rebuilt roads to connect major Persian cities in the eastern part of the empire. These roads improved trade. Early Abbasid caliphs chose to use some of the wealth they obtained through trade to make Baghdad a center of learning. They sent Muslim scholars to Greece, Rome, Persia, and India to bring back writings about medicine, science, and beliefs about the way people should live. To promote learning, the early caliphs established an academy of scholars who would translate these texts into Arabic.

Baghdad

Merchant

Soldier

Sufi

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Agra

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Baghdad

Merchant

Baghdad was located at the crossroads of trade routes that linked Africa, Europe, and Asia. By the mid-800s, the city had become a center of trade, learning, and culture and became the capital of the Abbasid empire. Abbasid caliphs rebuilt roads to connect major Persian cities in the eastern part of the empire. These roads improved trade. Early Abbasid caliphs chose to use some of the wealth they obtained through trade to make Baghdad a center of learning. They sent Muslim scholars to Greece, Rome, Persia, and India to bring back writings about medicine, science, and beliefs about the way people should live. To promote learning, the early caliphs established an academy of scholars who would translate these texts into Arabic. Baghdad was an important center for the golden age of Islam.

Sufi

Mecca was located about 50 miles inland from the Red Sea. The town became a crossroads of trade. Large caravans from southwestern Arabia passed through Mecca on their way to Syria and Mesopotamia. Some cravans traveled as far away as China. Mecca was also an important religious site. In the center of the city was the Kaaba. This was a low, block-like building surrounded by statues of Arabian gods and goddesses. Prior to Muhammad, the people of Arabia worshipped many gods at the Kaaba. After Muhammad was chased out of Mecca by the religious authorities, he would return with an army and conquer the city, destroying the statues of Arabian gods and goddesses. Mecca would then become the holy city of Islam.

Mecca

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Merchant

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Timbuktu is a city in Mali, West Africa that was once a center of Islamic culture and a major trading post. It is located on the southern edge of the Sahara, about 8 miles north of the Niger River. Founded in the 1100s by Tuareg nomads, Timbuktu became a major trading post and center of Islamic culture between the 13th and 16th centuries. The city was a center of Islamic scholarship, with a university and many Koranic schools. It was also a major trading center for gold, salt, slaves, and ivory. Timbuktu is home to several ancient mosques, including Djingareyber, Sankore, and Sidi Yahia. These mosques were built as centers of learning and worship.

Merchant

Timbuktu

Like Muhammad before me, I too am a merchant. I spend my life acquiring and selling various goods, traveling to new and exciting places where opportunities for profit await. The journey before me shall be a long one, and will lead me to new lands that I have not visited before. I now set my sights upon the magificent city of Baghdad. Such stories I have heard of its wonders, and of the wealth to be gained through trade. Perhaps after this journey, I will finally be able to settle down and begin a family of my own.

Merchant

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  • Labore et dolore magna aliqua.

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Cordoba

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In 1504, Sultan Sikandar Lodī, a Muslim ruler of the Delhi Sultanate, founded the city of Agra. Agra was the capital of the Mughal Empire during the reigns of emperors Akbar, Jahāngīr, and Shāh Jahān. Agra was bejewelled with beautiful palaces and gardens by Jahangir, while the glorious city adorned its real glory during the reign of Shahjahan, who gifted the city with the world-famous Taj Mahal. Not only the Mughals, but there were also a lot of other rulers who contributed significantly towards the history of Agra.

Agra

Sufi

People ask me, "what does it mean to be a Sufi?" I tell them, "a Sufi is one who has dedicated their life to the study and experience of Islam." I am on a journey to purify my soul, to leave behind worldly things, and to focus on Allah.My journey shall begin in the holy city of Mecca, and I will travel to distant lands to the east, far beyond Arabia, to teach others of Islam.

Sufi

People ask me, "what does it mean to be a Sufi?" I tell them, "a Sufi is one who has dedicated their life to the study and experience of Islam." I am on a journey to purify my soul, to leave behind worldly things, and to focus on Allah.My journey shall begin in the holy city of Mecca, and I will travel to distant lands to the east, far beyond Arabia, to teach others of Islam.

Sufi

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Timbuktu

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Baghdad was located at the crossroads of trade routes that linked Africa, Europe, and Asia. By the mid-800s, the city had become a center of trade, learning, and culture and became the capital of the Abbasid empire. Abbasid caliphs rebuilt roads to connect major Persian cities in the eastern part of the empire. These roads improved trade. Early Abbasid caliphs chose to use some of the wealth they obtained through trade to make Baghdad a center of learning. They sent Muslim scholars to Greece, Rome, Persia, and India to bring back writings about medicine, science, and beliefs about the way people should live. To promote learning, the early caliphs established an academy of scholars who would translate these texts into Arabic. Baghdad was an important center for the golden age of Islam.

Baghdad

Merchant

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Mecca

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Soldier

Sufi

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Soldier

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The life of a soldier is a difficult one, but it is a life of honor and discipline. I have dedicated my life to the service of the caliphate and to the conquest of foreign lands in order to spread Islam. While war is a messy and ugly affair, I must remember the code of battle that Muhammad provided us.We are now tasked with the challenge of lifetime. We are to journey to Constantinople and lay siege to the mighty city, though many are doubting the possibility of this task. I am now in Mecca, and will so begin the long journey ahead of me.

Soldier

Like Muhammad before me, I too am a merchant. I spend my life acquiring and selling various goods, traveling to new and exciting places where opportunities for profit await. The journey before me shall be a long one, and will lead me to new lands that I have not visited before. I now set my sights upon the magificent city of Baghdad. Such stories I have heard of its wonders, and of the wealth to be gained through trade. Perhaps after this journey, I will finally be able to settle down and begin a family of my own.

Merchant

People ask me, "what does it mean to be a Sufi?" I tell them, "a Sufi is one who has dedicated their life to the study and experience of Islam." I am on a journey to purify my soul, to leave behind worldly things, and to focus on Allah.My journey shall begin in the holy city of Mecca, and I will travel to distant lands to the east, far beyond Arabia, to teach others of Islam.

Sufi

Like Muhammad before me, I too am a merchant. I spend my life acquiring and selling various goods, traveling to new and exciting places where opportunities for profit await. The journey before me shall be a long one, and will lead me to new lands that I have not visited before. I now set my sights upon the magificent city of Baghdad. Such stories I have heard of its wonders, and of the wealth to be gained through trade. Perhaps after this journey, I will finally be able to settle down and begin a family of my own.

Merchant

Baghdad

Merchant

Baghdad was located at the crossroads of trade routes that linked Africa, Europe, and Asia. By the mid-800s, the city had become a center of trade, learning, and culture and became the capital of the Abbasid empire. Abbasid caliphs rebuilt roads to connect major Persian cities in the eastern part of the empire. These roads improved trade. Early Abbasid caliphs chose to use some of the wealth they obtained through trade to make Baghdad a center of learning. They sent Muslim scholars to Greece, Rome, Persia, and India to bring back writings about medicine, science, and beliefs about the way people should live. To promote learning, the early caliphs established an academy of scholars who would translate these texts into Arabic. Baghdad was an important center for the golden age of Islam.

Baghdad

Soldier

Baghdad was located at the crossroads of trade routes that linked Africa, Europe, and Asia. By the mid-800s, the city had become a center of trade, learning, and culture and became the capital of the Abbasid empire. Abbasid caliphs rebuilt roads to connect major Persian cities in the eastern part of the empire. These roads improved trade. Early Abbasid caliphs chose to use some of the wealth they obtained through trade to make Baghdad a center of learning. They sent Muslim scholars to Greece, Rome, Persia, and India to bring back writings about medicine, science, and beliefs about the way people should live. To promote learning, the early caliphs established an academy of scholars who would translate these texts into Arabic. Baghdad was an important center for the golden age of Islam.

Sufi

Baghdad

Baghdad was located at the crossroads of trade routes that linked Africa, Europe, and Asia. By the mid-800s, the city had become a center of trade, learning, and culture and became the capital of the Abbasid empire. Abbasid caliphs rebuilt roads to connect major Persian cities in the eastern part of the empire. These roads improved trade. Early Abbasid caliphs chose to use some of the wealth they obtained through trade to make Baghdad a center of learning. They sent Muslim scholars to Greece, Rome, Persia, and India to bring back writings about medicine, science, and beliefs about the way people should live. To promote learning, the early caliphs established an academy of scholars who would translate these texts into Arabic. Baghdad was an important center for the golden age of Islam.

Soldier

Baghdad

Baghdad was located at the crossroads of trade routes that linked Africa, Europe, and Asia. By the mid-800s, the city had become a center of trade, learning, and culture and became the capital of the Abbasid empire. Abbasid caliphs rebuilt roads to connect major Persian cities in the eastern part of the empire. These roads improved trade. Early Abbasid caliphs chose to use some of the wealth they obtained through trade to make Baghdad a center of learning. They sent Muslim scholars to Greece, Rome, Persia, and India to bring back writings about medicine, science, and beliefs about the way people should live. To promote learning, the early caliphs established an academy of scholars who would translate these texts into Arabic. Baghdad was an important center for the golden age of Islam.

Soldier

Mecca was located about 50 miles inland from the Red Sea. The town became a crossroads of trade. Large caravans from southwestern Arabia passed through Mecca on their way to Syria and Mesopotamia. Some cravans traveled as far away as China. Mecca was also an important religious site. In the center of the city was the Kaaba. This was a low, block-like building surrounded by statues of Arabian gods and goddesses. Prior to Muhammad, the people of Arabia worshipped many gods at the Kaaba. After Muhammad was chased out of Mecca by the religious authorities, he would return with an army and conquer the city, destroying the statues of Arabian gods and goddesses. Mecca would then become the holy city of Islam.

Mecca

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Sufi

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The life of a soldier is a difficult one, but it is a life of honor and discipline. I have dedicated my life to the service of the caliphate and to the conquest of foreign lands in order to spread Islam. While war is a messy and ugly affair, I must remember the code of battle that Muhammad provided us.We are now tasked with the challenge of lifetime. We are to journey to Constantinople and lay siege to the mighty city, though many are doubting the possibility of this task. I am now in Mecca, and will so begin the long journey ahead of me.

Soldier

Soldier

Mecca was located about 50 miles inland from the Red Sea. The town became a crossroads of trade. Large caravans from southwestern Arabia passed through Mecca on their way to Syria and Mesopotamia. Some cravans traveled as far away as China. Mecca was also an important religious site. In the center of the city was the Kaaba. This was a low, block-like building surrounded by statues of Arabian gods and goddesses. Prior to Muhammad, the people of Arabia worshipped many gods at the Kaaba. After Muhammad was chased out of Mecca by the religious authorities, he would return with an army and conquer the city, destroying the statues of Arabian gods and goddesses. Mecca would then become the holy city of Islam.

Mecca

Mecca was located about 50 miles inland from the Red Sea. The town became a crossroads of trade. Large caravans from southwestern Arabia passed through Mecca on their way to Syria and Mesopotamia. Some cravans traveled as far away as China. Mecca was also an important religious site. In the center of the city was the Kaaba. This was a low, block-like building surrounded by statues of Arabian gods and goddesses. Prior to Muhammad, the people of Arabia worshipped many gods at the Kaaba. After Muhammad was chased out of Mecca by the religious authorities, he would return with an army and conquer the city, destroying the statues of Arabian gods and goddesses. Mecca would then become the holy city of Islam.

Mecca

Soldier

Sufi

Baghdad

Baghdad was located at the crossroads of trade routes that linked Africa, Europe, and Asia. By the mid-800s, the city had become a center of trade, learning, and culture and became the capital of the Abbasid empire. Abbasid caliphs rebuilt roads to connect major Persian cities in the eastern part of the empire. These roads improved trade. Early Abbasid caliphs chose to use some of the wealth they obtained through trade to make Baghdad a center of learning. They sent Muslim scholars to Greece, Rome, Persia, and India to bring back writings about medicine, science, and beliefs about the way people should live. To promote learning, the early caliphs established an academy of scholars who would translate these texts into Arabic. Baghdad was an important center for the golden age of Islam.

Like Muhammad before me, I too am a merchant. I spend my life acquiring and selling various goods, traveling to new and exciting places where opportunities for profit await. The journey before me shall be a long one, and will lead me to new lands that I have not visited before. I now set my sights upon the magificent city of Baghdad. Such stories I have heard of its wonders, and of the wealth to be gained through trade. Perhaps after this journey, I will finally be able to settle down and begin a family of my own.

Merchant

Constantinople was a magnificent city that dates back to the Roman empire. Once the Roman Empire converted to Christianity, this city would become a major stronghold of the Eastern Christian world. The city was a hallmark of trade, culture, and learning. Furthermore, the city was the most well-fortified city in the world at this time. With only one access point on land, and a series of two massive wall that surrounded the city, it was seen as impossible to penetrate. The Muslim leader of the Ottoman Turks, Mehmet II, would attempt to conquer this legendary city. He had massive 27-foot cannons built by an Hungarian engineer to blast the stone walls of the city. The siege lasted for 53 days, and almost failed, except when one of the cannons broke through the walls. The Ottomans then overran and took over the city.

Constantinople / Istanbul

Soldier

The life of a soldier is a difficult one, but it is a life of honor and discipline. I have dedicated my life to the service of the caliphate and to the conquest of foreign lands in order to spread Islam. While war is a messy and ugly affair, I must remember the code of battle that Muhammad provided us.We are now tasked with the challenge of lifetime. We are to journey to Constantinople and lay siege to the mighty city, though many are doubting the possibility of this task. I am now in Mecca, and will so begin the long journey ahead of me.

Soldier

Constantinople was a magnificent city that dates back to the Roman empire. Once the Roman Empire converted to Christianity, this city would become a major stronghold of the Eastern Christian world. The city was a hallmark of trade, culture, and learning. Furthermore, the city was the most well-fortified city in the world at this time. With only one access point on land, and a series of two massive wall that surrounded the city, it was seen as impossible to penetrate. The Muslim leader of the Ottoman Turks, Mehmet II, would attempt to conquer this legendary city. He had massive 27-foot cannons built by an Hungarian engineer to blast the stone walls of the city. The siege lasted for 53 days, and almost failed, except when one of the cannons broke through the walls. The Ottomans then overran and took over the city.

Constantinople / Istanbul

Soldier

Conquering the city of Constantinople would have been seen a monumental achievement for Mehmet and his soldiers. As these men were Muslims, they would have brought Islam to the city. Many of the churches of the city, including the magnificent Hagia Sophia, were converted to mosques.