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Factors Influencing Irrigation Management

Melissa Kreider

Created on October 17, 2024

Flipcards for factors with a direct influence on water-holding capacity and irrigation demands.

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Transcript

Exposure

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The plant’s exposures greatly influences water demand. Sun, heat and wind increase water demand. Shade decreases water demand. Water use for a lawn on a windy, southwest-facing slope could be double the water use of a lawn in full sun but sheltered from wind and extreme heat.

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NONPOTABLE WATER

Soil OrganicMatter Content

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Since organic matter holds over ten times more water than sand, a sandy soil with good organic content (around 4 to 5%) will hold more water than indicated in the table above. Over time, clayey soils with good organic content may have an improved soil structure, supporting a deeper rooting depth.

Water not processed to drinking-water standards.

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WASTEWATER

Previous IrrigationPattern

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Plants adjust rooting depth (to the extent that soil oxygen levels allow) to where soil water is available. Frequent irrigation eliminates the need for plants to develop a deep root system. A shallow root system makes the plant less resilient to hot, dry weather.

Any water that has been adversely affected in quality by human activities.

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RECLAIMED WATER

Stage ofGrowth

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The stage of growth also influences ET. Water needs increase as a plant grows in size during the season and peaks during flowering and fruit development. Compared to the root system of a mature plant, newly planted or seeded crops don’t have the root systems to explore a large volume of soil for water. Recently planted and seeded crops will require frequent, light irrigations. In our dry climate, even “xeric” plants generally need regular irrigation to help new plantings establish. Confusion about plant water requirements can arise from changing needs as plants move through their life cycles. For example, newly planted trees are extremely intolerant of water stress. Established trees in good health are rather tolerant of short-term water stress. Older trees in decline are intolerant of water stress. General statements about the ability of trees to tolerate dry situations need to take into account life-cycle stages.

Former wastewater (sewage) that has been treated to remove impurities

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RECLAIMED WATER

Water Demand of a Plant

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Plants vary greatly in the demand for water to 1) support growth, and 2) survive dry spells. (Note that the two are not necessarily related.)

Former wastewater (sewage) that has been treated to remove impurities

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RECLAIMED WATER

Ability to ExtractWater

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Plants vary in their ability to extract water from the soil. For most plants, the available water is about 50% of the soil’s total water supply before reaching the permanent wilting point. Onions are an example of a crop that can only extract about 40%.

Former wastewater (sewage) that has been treated to remove impurities

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