From Rome to Merano

From Rome to Meran

Antonella Tiburzi

Jewish identity always with me...

Name: Antonella TiburziNative city: RomeAge: 54Profession: Historian, teacher and guideFamily: Jewish mother and secular fatherFavourite Jewish history moment: Jewish resistance during Holocaust and Israel State Favourite Jewish celebrations: Rosh haShanà and Pesach.Lived in: Rome, Jerusalem Currently: MeranHobbies: watching movies, visiting art museums, and travelling.

I am

I am the historical legacy of my family and I embraced it

My mother Anita 9 years old

Rome, July 1944. One month after the Liberation from Nazis occupation

My granmother Giuseppina

My granfather Giulio

My aunt Miriam

My uncle Alvaro

The traces of the destruction still today

The Jewish community in Rome. After a destruction, the struggle for a construction

161 AD. The first Jews arrived were sent by Judas Maccabeus.63-31 AD The arrival of prisoners from Pompey’s campaign in Judea.70 AD. With Vespasian and Titus which destroyed the center of religious life, the Temple of Jerusalem. The Romans brought Jewish slaves from the Judaea Capta, and the treasures of the destroyed Temple. 71 AD. The Roman built the Arch of Titus.

From 1482 Jews arrived to Italy from Spain

1555 - 1861 The second oldest ghetto in the world

Portico d'Ottavia between 27 and 23 BC

• On the morning of October 16, 1943, the Nazis aided by the Italian fascists broke into the houses of the Jewish quarter and other neighborhoods
• They arrested 1024 people and took them to the Military College.
• On October 18, they have been deported to Auschwitz. Only 16 people survived.
• Both the papal authorities and society remained silent.

16 October 1943The nazi-fascist deportation

KNOW MORE

The trace of the rebirth

New Synagoge 1905

The quarter now

The history of the Jewish community of Rome is not just a tale of survival, but a exstraordinary journey of resilience and rebirth and renewal.

Italian famous Jewish persons

Rita Levi Montalcini Nobel Prize for Medicine and Physiology in 1986.

Umberto Terracini (1895-1983) signed the Constitution of the Republic of Italy

Primo Levi (1919-1987)partisan, writer, Holocaust survivor

Vittorio Gasman(1922- 2000)the most important actor for theatre, cinema and television.

Giacomo Segre (1839-1894) liberated Rome which became the capital of Italy in 1861

24 July 1974My 4th birthday

Yad Vashem2004-ongoing

My memories

"Primo Levi Elementary School"1976-1981

Human Rights Symposium2021

Me and Ibn Katznelson in Ravensbück, 2023

Me, Ida Marcaria and Shlomo Venezia, 2001

Me and Jacov Buchan, 2024

Me and Piero Terracina 2003

The survivorsMy mentors

Holocaust is a "place" in common

Jewish uniqueness in Italy

• 21 communities
• 30.000 members mostly in Rome and Milan

Very diverse origins

The religion

Judea, Sefarad, Ashkenazi, Libyan

• Romaniotes (Greece)
• Chabad-Lubavitch (Venice)
• Sefarad (Rome, Florence and Naples)
• Secular

Jewish Institutions in Italy

Jewish Documentation Contemporary Center

Study Center for the Education of the Shoah

Jewish Museum Rome

The National Museum of Italian Judaism and the Shoah

Magazine

Bookshop

Restaurant

Antisemitism

Trample the Jew!

Jews, we search you in all the houses for slaughtering you and your children

We enter in the attics of Amsterdam because we must find that liar of Anne Frank

• In 2004 I had been living in Jerusalem for almost 2 years
• I had to go back to Rome but in Yad Vashem I met Pietro (from Meran).
• In January 2005 I visited Meran for the first time
• In November ...I moved to Meran

From Rome to Meran going through Israel

Jewish history guide in Rome1999-ongoing

Seminar in Masada desert

International school for Holocaust Studies in Yad Vashem

Sanatorium Königswarter

Daniel BiedermannThe only bank in Tyrol

Hotel Bellaria. The first Kosher restaurant

Merano

They came from:

• Austro-Hungarian Empire: Galicia (Ukraine), Hungary, Poland, Tchech Republic.
• Turkey: Smirne

• Other Italian cities:Milan, Faenza, Rome, Mantua, Verona

Origins and uniqueness of the Jewish Community

The construction of cure-tourism

• Since 1894, Jewish families contributed fundamentally to the development of tourism and visibility of South Tyrol and Meran in Europe.
• 1900. The synagogue was built in April 25.
• 1907. The Jewish families constructed the funicula, the steepest funicular in all of Europe.
• Today. The Jewish community of Meran comprises about 50 members. Religious services, conferences and Hebrew courses are held regularly.

The funicular of Virgolo

Jewish v.i.p. in Meran

• 1920. Frank Kafka spent 3 months in Meran.
• 1908 Stefan Zweig spent about 4 months in Castel Labers (Meran).
• 1912 Anna Freud
• 1882 Arthur Schniztler

Meranin the Holocaust1943-1945

• September 16, 1943, 43 Jews in Meran and Bolzano were arrested and deported to Reichenau (Innsbrück) and then Auschwitz.
• It was the "test" for the Jewish deportation from Italy.
• Only 1 survivors.
• During the Nazi period from September 1943 to April 1945, the Synagogue was used as a warehouse by German soldiers.

Family Carpi 1941

Meran and Bolzano

The Memory of Holocaust in Meran

• 2012. Placing of 43 stumbling blocks.
• It was the first time this topic was addressed after the WWII.
• A big contribute for the Memory and the "coming to terms" with the history.

The artist Gunther Demnig with the students of Meran

As Guide of the Stumbling blocks

My commitments for the Shoah Education and knowledge of Jewish culture

As Guide in Birkenau with teachers of Minister of Education

Reading Memories in Ravensbrück with teachers of Minister of Education

My engagement in the newspapers

Protest against a group of Nazis in Germany

My activism for the Day of Remembrance#NeverAgainIsNow

Austrian Radio in Ebensee

To disseminate Jewish history Success Stories

Exhibition: "Jewish Women in history"2020

Visit to the German Parlament2023

www.edushoah.eu

Jewish History Learning Center: Teaching, Learning, Inspiring

Workshop with students

• Educational days
• Theater
• Cinema
• Trips
• Humanity projects

Theather"Whistle. My mother was Mengele's Secretary", 2024

Thanks

atiburzi5@gmail.com