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Chapter 16

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Australia

Disease Disasester/

Fur

How areHybrid Societies

The Plantation Zone/Silver

The carribean

mesoamerica & the Andes

UsefulEcological, Social, and Economic Factors

New Empires

new zeland

Hawaii

Hawaii

• People who lived in Hawaii had a certain diet due to the enviorment. They livedm off mainly yams,taro and fish. British sailors showed up in 1778 and the hawaiian king killed all but one of their ships. He offered the british to tech them the arts of using firearms.
• Whalers, tarders and sailors brought infectious diseases back to hawaii. It lowered birth rates and decreased the population 75-40,000 people.This made the culture wonder if there old traditions were better.
• Indigunious hawians brought cattle and sugarcane. Hawaii became a hybrid culture. In the 1760's global web ensured pascific work from austrila and hawaii.

New Empires

• Arrival of the Europeans had great political consequences that varied from different places. Soon after the Spanish empires had replaced the andes and people of mesoamerica. In result large scale conquest took place in Mexico and peru.
• In Mexico Spanish rebuilt an empire on Aztec foundations. As a result of this, the Spanish governed together with indigenous elites, revenues and other perks of power . The spaniards supplies global knowledge.
• Peru and central mexico had no tradition of self defense or authority.for centuries they kept a good job of staying independent under spanish rule.The Pueblo rose up against spanish authority and continued to kill or expel the spaniards for the next 12 years.

new zeland

• The Maori were Polynesians who settled in New Zealand. They had no contact with people outside of New Zealand, which allowed them to develop a unique culture. The Maori were skilled farmers, fishers, and foragers, living in harmony with their beautiful land.
• In 1642, a Dutch sea captain sailed for New Zealand but was chased away by the Maori on the same day. Later, in 1769, French settlers arrived, eager to explore and find resources. However, with the arrival of French settlers, diseases spread, and the population began to decline, which was a difficult time for the Maori community.
• The Maori not only embraced farming but also adapted to using firearms. Martial prowess was an important aspect of life for male Maori. During this period, it became almost necessary to have guns to defend oneself against enemies who might already be equipped with them.

mesoamerica & the Andes

• Known as the major indigenous population in the caribbean. history shows that they lost more population than anywhere in the caribbean. This was due to epidemics, village life and political order IN mesoamerica there was approximately 15 -20 million people in 1492.
• Disaster occurred when spanish adventurer Hernan Cortes and his spaniards defeated the enemies of the aztecs. After this epidemics occurred repededly.The Andes also had an epidemic in 1524 during the arrival of the Spaniards and led to a civil war in the Inka. The indigenous culture began to plummet soon after. The mapuche

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Hybrid Societies

• By 1800 25 million people spoke a indigenous language. The majority spoke european and one tenth spoke african. The creole language developed from european and african language.
• The same development happened in christianity too. European efforts stressed christianity on homelands.Christization served as justification for empires in americas.
• Members of the catholic church built missions , these missions proved divisive in indigenous communities . Vodun was a religion that focused on female deities. It was first spoken by people of west africa and took root in the Caribbean,Brazil and louisiana. often from catholicism cah locale 1

Australia

• Australia and islands of remote oceania were the most isolated people between 15000-1750. 50,0000 years ago people came to Australia trying to adapt to the intense environment. By 1750 there was about 12 million in population
• Oceania started to see a population just about 6,000 years ago. All together the pacific islands and australia came together in 1750
• the populations was 4 million,Most populated archipelagoes were in hawaii and new caledonia. each had about 400,000 people .

fur

• Fur was the main thing outsiders wanted from siberia. The demand for these furs was high and valuable. This led to outsiders trying to take control over siberia.
• Cossacks were mainly peasants of their descent. As well as an enemy of the Russians but also was used for protecting Russian frontiers. They were military specialists.
• Yermak was a successful river pirate but in 1580 he became equivalent to a conquistador. He was in Siberia looking for fur. Unlike the other Europeans looking for silver.

Ecological, Social, and Economic Factors

• malaria is a warm weather disease that gets carried by mosquitoes. This was introduced in Africa but soon spread to more of the americas. The reason Afrca was so high on malaria cases was the fact of the low elevations in Africa which attracts mosquitoes.
• Europeans carried diseases that spread through indigenous communities. This caused a spread of warfare, loss of land and population declinement. Not only , but Europeans went as far as enslaving these indigenous tribes.
• Spanish control continued the Inka practice of the mida.This forced labor on Andean people and continued the labor of silver mines.When the enslaved rate started to fall suropens tried to help the population but it failed.

The carribean

People who live in the Caribbean had it the worst because of the infectious diseases that wiped out 99% of four generations. The Taino were the people who lived on the coastlands of the Caribbean. Spanish violence and enslavement added to the reasons for the fall of the Taino people.

Some Spaniards even tried to find gold and seize farmland. Others even went as far as trying to convert the culture to Christianity. The Spanish made efforts in Hispaniola.

Immigrants from Europe and slaves from Africa also came to dominate Hispaniola. Not only the culture but also the language, food, and the way they dress. They came from far away to adopt the culture.

Caribbean History: Everything You Need to Know about the Taínos | BELatina

The Plantation Zone/Silver

• The Plantation zone was a destination of great majority for enslaved africans. English settlement began in 1607 and their money making profited off crop and tobacco. As well as the rice growing regions that shared their etchniques.
• In the Caribbean and Northeastern Brazil where sugar became the most rewarding crop. Sugarcane became special because it required a whole process to make.From 1650-1800 sugar crops were the most valuable possession in the americas
• .Cortes and Pizarro used all the tools and resources to be able to find gold and silver.

Wad of coco ???

healed their pain, thirst and calmed minds

Another Disease Disaster

• Malaria spread quick in the pacific islands. Australia was responsible for few infectious diseases. European mariners started to sail for the pacific islands
• This meant more and more diseases were being carried throughout the americas and the pacific. Marqueesas lost a big percent of population due to diseases, about 96% population. As epidemics hit time after time it eventually hit killing a quarter of the island's people
• .From birth rates to not having medicine,it was almost guaranteed the population would decline. Infection that were brought by americas had made women infertile. This also shortened birth rates