Medieval Mu

MedievalMusic

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During this unit you will learn the following:-Types of Classical music during the Medieval Period- Classical music theory established during the Medieval Period-Medieval Instruments-Medieval Songs-Medieval Composers

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Medieval History

Harmony

Motets

Secular Music

Composers

Tritones

Sacred Music

Instruments

Madrigals

Asynch Activity

Key Words

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Troubadours

Jongleurs

Index

ArtFantastic Beasts MuseumGiotto

EventsThe Black Plague King ArthurIsle of Man

ToursFramlingham Medieval TownPortchester Castle

Medieval History476 Ad-1400 AD

476 AD-1400AD

- Often referred to as the Dark Ages-Started after the fall of Rome- Period of Economic upheaval and survival- Kings, Queens, Religion, War, and Plague

Gregorian

Notre Dame

Plainchant

Chant

Sacred Music

As Catholicism spread throughout Europe a new form of worship music grew, Sacred Music.Sacred music had several different qualifying factors. Click around to learn more!

MedievalMusicTheory

Monophony

Single (Unison) melody line with no harmonies

Polyphony

Multiple lines of music at the same time

Neumes

Notation system with marks to show the shape of the melody

Organum

main singer sang a traditional plainchant melody while two or three other singers sang complementary melodies

Ars NovaArs Antiqua

Two styles of making music from Notre Dame

Tritones

Tritones are two notes that have exactly three "whole" steps between themThis space/interval was considered the "devil's" space and was not allowed in church musicComposers would break other rules if necessary to avoid writing tritones.

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HildegardvonBingen

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Hildegard von Bingen was born in 1098. The youngest of ten children, she was eight years old when her parents offered her to a convent as a gift to God. She lived in a convent for the rest of her life.Von Bingen’s compositions had a single line of melody with no harmony, a form called monophony. Many of her pieces celebrated the virtues of the Virgin Mary and are still performed today.

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Guillaume de Machaut

a famous composer and poet, de Machaut set many of his own poems to music. He was something of a superstar in his time and even had teenage fans who sent him their poems.Although most of de Machaut’s output was secular, his most famous work is the sacred Messe de Nostre Dame (Mass of Our Lady). In addition to being a masterpiece of fourteenth-century music theory, it is the first four-part setting of the Ordinary of the Mass.

Asynch Activity

Composer

Using flat.io or Chrome Music Lab, create a medieval MONOPHONIC Chant.

Creative

Listen to this medieval mass. Create a piece of art that you believe illustrates the music. Art can be:picture, drawing, poem etc.

Study

Find the Words to complete the puzzle using the slides and videos throughout this presentation.

Summer is Icumen In

Secular music is any music that is not religious. Most music during the Medieval ages was religious, however, as the middle ages pushed towards the Reinassance secular music began to boom again

a composition with original melodies composed to secular texts, accompanying a preexisting tenor line with a Latin text

Motets

Jongleurs

These songs and others were performed by the pop singers of the day, known as jongleurs.JOngleurs were professional musicians who performed popular music in the everyday language of the audienceJongleurs were not composers. They were musicians who entertained at parties and dances, much as a cover band might be hired to play for a party or special event today.

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George Strait referenced these famous french singers

Troubadors

• If a singer-songwriter was from the southern Provençal region of France, the musician was called a troubadour. If he or she came from the north of France, the person was called a trouvère. A German singer-songwriter was called a Meistersinger.
• easy-to-memorize melodies,
• Sometimes the songs were incorporated in musical plays.
• These musical plays were distant ancestors of opera, and musical theater featured a mixture of spoken (sometimes improvised) dialogue, singing, and instrument playing.

Instruments

Cornetto

Vielle

Lute

Madrigals

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Key Words

• solfége : a way of assigning syllables to steps on a music scale
• a cappella : without instrumental accompaniment
• duple meter : a time signature indicating two beats per measure
• Gregorian chant : the standardized chant repertoire of the Roman Catholic Church
• meter : the division of the measure into equal parts
• monophony : unharmonized vocal music; monody is a synonym
• neume : a mark written above the text to indicate the relative contour of the melody
• organum : a musical composition in two or more parts, one of which is a previously existing plainchant melody
• plainchant : a specific set of melodies for singing Roman Catholic religious texts
• polyphony : several independent musical lines sounding simultaneously
• triple meter : a time signature indicating three beats per measure
• tritone : an augmented fourth, or an interval of three whole steps

The End

Join us for Renaissance music!

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More about Tritones

How to notate a tritone:

The space between c and F# has three whole steps: 1.) C-D2.)D-E3.)E-F#/Gb

In music theory the ars antiqua period saw several advances over previous practice, most of them in conception, and notation of rhythm. In the early Medieval music era, notation indicated the pitches of songs without indicating the rhythm that these notes should be sung in.

Ars Antiqua

Ars Novum

More detailed rhythmic notation, melodic innovation, and a larger variety of harmonic intervals were the primary focus of Ars NovaArs Nova was a response against Ars Antiqua in the 14th century

Neumes did NOT show exact rhythm and pitchNeumes look like squiggly lines above the text that show shape for the melodySingers would follow the shape of the line with their voiceThis system helped guide and keep musical integrity for various songs. However, it did not allow for highly accurate interpretations.

The Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris is famous as a masterpiece of Gothic architecture. It was also home to some key developments in Western music. A number of important composers lived and worked there and made great advances in music theory. They were collectively known as the Notre Dame School

Benedicamus Domino (Latin: "Let us bless the Lord") is a closing salutation that was formerly used in the Latin Mass instead of the Ite, missa est in Masses which lack the Gloria (i.e., Masses of the season during Advent, Septuagesima, Lent, and Passiontide; ferial Masses per annum at which the Mass of the preceding Sunday was repeated, except in Eastertide; most votive Masses). The response, said afterwards, is Deo gratias ("Thanks be to God"). It is also sung at the end.

Chrome Song Maker Link

Chrome Piano Link

Composition Activity:

Using Flat.io or Chrome Music Lab compose a chant that lasts at least 1.30 minutes. Your chant should be monophonic and NOT include the devil's interval.The instrumentation should be set for voice, with no rhythm used.

Flat.io Link

Vocal Polyphony was introduced and acceptable in the church.Instrumental Polyphony was not acceptable in the curch during Medieval Times

Machaut's Sacred Works

Messe de Nostre Dame

Create while you Listen

Cornetto and Sackbut

The cornetto and sackbut were medieval horns that were frequently played together. The cornetto is a wind instrument that might be straight or curved. It had a leather mouthpiece, and the musician played it by covering and uncovering the holes that ran down the body of the cornetto.

Different religious sects had different chant melodies. The chants were eventually classified and compiled by Pope Gregory I. Accordingly, this chant repertoire became known as Gregorian chant Opens in modal popup window.

Vielle

the vielle was played with a bow like a violin.

Song of Roland

Norweigian Epic Poem Song

Another type of secular music was the setting of epic narrative poems, called Chanson de Geste, which means "song of deeds." These poems told the stories of national heroes. The most famous of these was the "Song of Roland."The Song of Roland is an 11th-century chanson de geste based on the deeds of the Frankish military leader Roland at the Battle of Roncevaux Pass in AD 778, during the reign of the Emperor Charlemagne.The batte shows Catholicism pushing out the Muslim people in Spain.

Puzzle Clues:What is - A musical texture with a single melodic line What is - A musical interval spanning three whole tones What is - A musical texture with multiple independent melodic linesWhat is - The "new art" style of music in the 13th-14th centuries What is - The "old art" style of music before the 13th centuryWhat is - The famous cathedral in Paris associated with polyphonic music

Monophony was not founded during Medieval times.

Monophony as an intentional composition technique comes from Medieval Times

Viderunt Omnes

Singing both without musical instruments and without harmonies is called plainchant Opens in modal popup window, also known as plainsong. For hundreds of years, plainchant was the only form of music that the Catholic Church saw as acceptable.

Hildegard of Bingen

Listen to her music

• One of a handful of female composers who was recognized throughout history
• Musician from childhood
• Defend and protected women and orphans

Medieval Lute

With Genially, you can insert maps in such a way that your audience can be informed about the location of your event, meeting, or celebration within the same Genially without the need to go to another platform or website.