Jacqueline M., Fritz S. Civil Rights (Pd. 10)

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By Jacqueline M. and Fritz S. (Period 10)

Civil Rights Museum

Walking to work instead of taking the bus

People protesting against bus segregation

Rosa Parks in jail

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Montgomery Bus Boycott

This movement started in 1955 after Rosa Parks was arrested for not giving up her bus seat to a white passanger. After that, groups of African-Americans made posters and held church meetings to boycott riding the buses around town, since Parks was arrested.The bus boycott took over a year (382 days) until the Supreme Court ruled bus segregation unconstitutional. That meant blacks didn’t take the bus for a whole year until the issue was resolved. The leader of the boycott was Martin Luther King Jr.

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Edmund Pettus Bridge

Marching to Montgomery

Marchers being chased and attacked

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Selma Marches (Bloody Sunday)

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In 1965, a few hundred marchers went from Selma to Montgomery with the casket of a teen boy wanting equal voting rights. The marchers made their way to the state capitol, but faced trouble over the course of 3 days. On March 7, the marchers were stopped at the Edmund Pettus Bridge where they were denied access by Alabama troops. The next day, violence broke out, and matchers were chased away. A black minister was killed by the KKK. The event was called "Bloody Sunday". By the third and final march, the crowd made it to Mongomery with military protection sent by President Johnson. The Voting Rights Act of 1965 was passed, and everyone could finally vote equally.

Military helping the 9 go inside

The 9 students

Getting yelled at by other students

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Little Rock Nine

Room 03

In 1957, a federal judge ordered all Little Rock schools to desegregate. Arkansas governor Orval Faubus vowed to resiit the order. 9 African American students attempted walk into Central High School, an all white school. They were met with a mob of people, and the governor called in troops to keep out the Little Rock 9. Day after day, the students attempted to enter the school to no avail. After 2 weeks, the president sent federal troops to allow the students to enter the building. Even though they were able to enter the building they still faced hatred and discrimination once inside.

Police dogs attacking a marcher

Police hosing the marchers

Newspaper from that day

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Birmingham Childrens' March

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The summer of 1962 the civil rights movement came to Birmingham. Some sit-ins had taken place and some shop owners had agreed to take down the white only signs and serve African Americans. The chief of police Bull Conner threatened to throw every shop owner that served African Americans into jail. MLK flew to Birgminham and joined in the marches and was arrested along with many other protesters for "Parading without a permit." After MLK was released he had troubling finding people to join the protests with so few adults willing to be arrested. MLK was forced to recruit thousands of school children, who while marching were sprayed with hoses, attacked by dogs, and hit by nightsticks. Conner arrested thousands of children as America watched in horror from their TVs.. The president sent 3,000 armed troops to restore peace to Birmingham, as a result Birmngham was fully desegregated

The peoples' view of where MLK was speaking (Lincoln Memorial)

Crowd at DC

Making the speech

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"I Have A Dream" Speech And Other Acts

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Martin Luther King Jr. went to Washington DC in 1963 to deliver his famous "I Have A Dream Speech". He stood on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial, who initially freed slaves. He talked about how he wanted his children to be able to interact with kids of different races, and wanted freedom to ring from "every mountain" in the South. 250,000 people went to hear this famous speech, as seen to the left. They crowded around the reflection pond, people of all races and ages. Then, a year later in 1964, The Civil Rights Act of 1964 outlawed segregation in public facilities. Many consider "I Have A Dream" to be MLK's most famous speech.

Celebrating winning the case

NAACP protesting school segregation

Integrated classroom

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Brown vs Board

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In 1953 there were 21 states with segregated schools. The NAACP brought a number of cases to court to try to fight segregation in schools. One of these cases was brought up by Oliver Brown who sued the state to allow his daughter to go to a white school. In the case the NAACP lawyer argued that schools that were segregated were seperate but not equal and that they never could be seperate but equal. The lawyer for the states argued that segregation was a state issue and each state should be able to decide. The Supreme Court decided that schools could never be separate but equal and ordered all states to desegregate with speed. The problem was that the Supreme Court never set a due date.