Weather extreme events

Extreme weather events

An extreme weather event is rare at a particular place and time of year, with unusual characteristics in terms of magnitude, location, timing, or extent.

Types of natural disasters

1

2

3

4

Some figures on hurricane : There are an average of 85 hurricanes around the world every year A hurricane is defined as a low-pressure system with winds of more than 115 km/h, but these can reach almost 350 km/h around the centre of the low.

1

2

3

4

you can press the little cloud!

A few figures on flood : 1.8 billion people threatened by floods worldwide in 2023 7,398 officially recorded flood-related deaths worldwide in 2022 520 million euros worth of damage in France in 2019

1

2

3

4

A few figures on drought : -The UNCCD estimates that 1.84 billion people are affected by drought, 4.7% of them ‘severely’ or ‘extremely’. - According to the UN, 76% of Chile is affected by drought, desertification and soil degradation. Chile is the country most affected by drought -The percentage of land affected by drought has more than doubled over the last 40 years. Approximately 12 million hectares of land were lost each year due to drought and desertification.

Top 10 countries that are the most affected by natural disasters

IRAN

BRAZIL

CHINA

JAPAN

INDONESIA

MEXICO

USA

INDIA

BANGLADESH

PHILIPPINES

What impact does man have on these disasters?

1-The causes of global warming

2-The relationship between global warming and natural disasters

More than 700 000 climatic refugees in the world in 2024

Thank you for jwatching!

Natural disasters are on the increase: there are twice as many in the world today as there were 15 years ago. More specifically, scientists have observed an increase in the frequency of certain natural phenomena : floods, fires, cyclones, even earthquakes, landslides, etc. And all this is partly linked to the global warming.

For hurricanes :

Most experts believe that the warming of ocean surface waters is creating conditions that are more conducive to the development of hurricanes.

As for fires, they are developing because global warming is drying out ecosystems and making them more fragile.

Floods are also on the increase because extreme rainfall is more frequent, and the artificialisation of land prevents run-off water from being absorbed. This, along with deforestation, leads to landslides, making the land more fragile...

For fires :

For floods :

"The more we degrade the ecosystem, the more fragile it becomes, the less resilient it is, and the easier it is to trigger events with often dramatic consequences." Clément Fournier

NUMBER OF NATURAL DISASTERS FROM 1980 TO 2002

click here to learn more about the equator line ->

Greenhouse gases (GHGs) play an essential role in regulating the climate. Without them, the average temperature on Earth would be -18°C instead of +14°C, and life might not exist. However, since the 19th century, mankind has considerably increased the quantity of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Increased human activity and population growth are contributing to the release of greenhouse gases. As a result, the natural climatic balance is being altered.

Greenhouse effet

CLIMATE REFUGEES

A climate refugee is a person who is forced to leave their home or country due to environmental changes related to climate.Unlike traditional refugees, who flee persecution or conflict, climate refugees are displaced primarily for environmental reasons. Their legal status is not always clearly defined in international law, making their protection and assistance more complex.