Musical Appreciation Exam 2

The Middle Ages

476 - 1450

Important Patron of music in the Middle Ages (476 -1450)

The Middle Ages

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Important patron

The Church

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Text Setting Styles:

The Middle Ages

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text setting styles

Syballic: One musical note per syllable of text Neumatic: 2-5 musical notes per syllable of text Melismatic: Many musical notes per syllable of text

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Sacred Genres of the Middle Ages:

The Middle Ages

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Sacred Genres of the Middle Ages:

-Gregorian Chant -Mass -Organum -Motet

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Who invented Organum?

The Middle Ages

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Who invented Organum?

The Notre Dame School in Paris

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5 Sections of the Ordinary of the Mass:

The Middle Ages

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5 Sections of the Ordinary of the Mass:

-Kyrie -Gloria -Credo -Sanctus -Agnus Dei

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Proper / Ordinary Mass

The Middle Ages

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Proper / ordinary mass

-Proper Mass: Different text depending on the season / holiday. -Ordinary Mass: Text remains the same throughout the year.

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Characteristics of Gregorian Chant:

The Middle Ages

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characteristics of gregorian chant:

-written in Latin -monophonic -non-metric -conjuct movement -a cappella

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Alleluiah, O Virga Mediatrix:

The Middle Ages

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Alleluiah, O Virga Mediatrix:

-Musical Genre: Mass Proper -Musical Texture: Monophonic

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Ma Fin est mon Commencement

The Middle Ages

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Ma fin est mon commencement

-Musical Genre: Secular; French Chanson -Musical texture: non-imitative polyphonic -Melismatic -Rondeau Form

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Modes / Neumes:

The Middle Ages

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modes / neumes:

Modes: scales Neumes: the earliest musical notation

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Secular musical genres in the middle ages:

The Middle Ages

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middle ages Secular musical genres

-chanson -motet

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instruments of the middle ages:

The Middle Ages

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instruments of the middle ages

-indoor: lute, recorder -outdoor: lute, shawm -lute: a plucked strig intrument (similar to a guitar)

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Hildegard of Bignen

The Middle Ages

Hildegard of bingen

-female composer of the middle ages -experienced "holy visions" -lived most of her life as a nun

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The Reniassance Era

The Middle Ages

THE GOLDEN AGE OF A CAPPELLA

1450 - 1600

changes in musical style:

The Middle Ages

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changes in musical style

-more voices (4+) -continuos imitation -word painting -cantus firmus (fixed melody)

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Requiem:

The Middle Ages

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the requiem

Mass for the deceased.

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Genres of the Renaissance:

The Middle Ages

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genres of the renaisance:

Sacred: -motet-mass-requiemSecular: -Italian Madrigal -English Madrigal -Chanson

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Guidelines reccomended by the Council of Trent

The Middle Ages

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guidelines

-Less instruments (a cappella) -Cantus Firmus -Do not change Gregorian Chant -Do not use pop tunes

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Pope Marcellus Mass, Gloria

The Middle Ages

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Pope marcellis mass, gloria

Written to satisfy reccomendations of the Council of Trent

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Word Painting / Vernacular

The Middle Ages

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word painting / vernacular

-word painting: to musically pictorialize words -vernacular: the languange of a country

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Musical Genres & Voices

The Middle Ages

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musical genres & voices

Ave Maria: motet (4 voices) Gloria: mass (6 voices) Fair Phyllis: English Madrigal (4 voices)

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English Madrigal

The Middle Ages

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english madrigal

Characteristics:-simpler / lighter -pastoral text -word painting -cheerful mood -'fa la la' refrain

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Composer Identification

The Middle Ages

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Composer identification

-Giovanni Palestrina: Italian composer of the renaissance. He was not a preist and he was married but was still hired as the choirmaster of the St. Peter's in Rome. Only wrote sacred music during his lifetime. -John Farmer: Composer form the renaissance who worked in large church in Dublin, Irelan. Best known today for his contribution to the genre if the English Madrigal. -Josquin des Prez: Renaissance composer who wrote over 100 sacred motets during his lifetime and is credited for his experimentation in the area of musical texture. He was considered to be the greatest composer in the genre of the Renaissance Motet.

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Popular Dance Types:

The Middle Ages

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popular dance types

-Pavane: French -Saltarello: Italian -Allemande: German

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Extra Credit:

The Middle Ages

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