Presentación

Coherence, cohesion and types of text

Stiven Celis tatiana PÉREZ

• Facilitates understanding
• Makes the text more interesting
• Reinforces the credibility of the author

Example

Incoherent: I like chocolate. Yesterday it rained a lot. Cats are very cute. Coherent: I really like hot chocolate on cold days like yesterday. In addition, cats are very cuddly and always keep me company.

Selection of information Structuring

Coherence

What is coherence?

It is the property that makes a text be interpreted as a unit of information, where all the parts relate to each other to form an overall meaning. How is coherence achieved?

• Ellipsis. Omitting words because it is already understood in the context. Example: I can play basketball and he can too.
• Conjunction, connectors: Firstly, next, but, and
• Punctuation.

Example

Maria is a good girl because she is a good student. The guy has very good grades, that's why she always is in the 1st place in the class. The intelligent girl likes to write a lot about political aspects; even in this moment she has several articles uploaded on the internet.

Ways to create a text with cohesion: • Reference (personal pronouns: I, me, she, you, mine…) • Substitution.

Cohesion

What is cohESION?

Cohesion is defined as the set of resources for constructing relations indiscours which transcend grammatical structure in a writing.

I had the most beautiful experience when i went to the zoo. I saw different kinds of birds, but it was my first time to see an ostrich flying.

Info

Development Arguments Counterarguments Reinforcement of the thesis.

Solar energy is the best alternative to combat climate change. Its implementation would reduce dependence on fossil fuels, reduce pollution and generate jobs

Example

Structure Introduction Approach to the topic. Thesis Conclusion Summary of the arguments Reiteration of the thesis

Argumentative Text

What is it? An argumentative text seeks to convince or persuade the reader of a specific idea or point of view. It does so by presenting reasons, evidence and examples that support its position.

Development Description of the characteristics. Use of the senses

The beach stretched out before us like an immense carpet of golden sand. The waves, foaming and white, broke rhythmically against the rocks, while the sun, warm and bright, bathed the entire landscape with its light

Example

Structure Introduction Presentation of the topic Conclusion Summary of the description

Descriptive Text

What is it? A descriptive text aims to vividly and depict an object, person, place, situation, or idea. It seeks to create a mental image in the reader through the use of adjectives, comparisons and rhetorical figures.

Characteristics. • It is objective. • It is writed in 3rd person • Clear and precise language. • Examples, comparation, ennumeration, etc.

Development Information is presented.

Volcanoes and earthquakes.Volcanoes and earthquakes are two geological processes that alter the shape of the Earth by erosion. Volcanoes are formed by chimneys or fissures in the Earth's crust, through which magma is expelled, unlike earthquakes, which are movements produced in the Earth's crust. On the other hand, volcanoes are produced by the high temperature that exists inside the Earth, whereas earthquakes are caused by the rupture of rocks in the Earth's crust.”

Example

Structure Introduction Presentation of the topic. Conclusion Summary the information presented.

Informative/ expositive text.

What it is? A expository text give to know something, or to inform a serie of facts or specific topics.

Knot Actions begin to develop some kind of problem that affects the characters and prevents them from realizing their wishes.

My cousins.Gabriel and Diego are my cousins and every afternoon at their house they fought a lot, they argued about everything. Each one wanted to use the other's things. So last month my aunt talked to them and made them understand that it was very important to share and treat each other well in order to live happily.

Example

Structure Beginning Presentation of characters, places, situation. Denouement Final of the story. Complications are resolved in one way.

Narrative Text

What it is? A narrative text is any text or narration which tells a story or anecdote; such as: novels, stories, fables, myths.Non-literary narratives (Biography, news, jokes

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