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PSY547 Infographic

Charlize Laplante (Student)

Created on September 24, 2024

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Transcript

Education in Incarceration

How Important is educating prisoners?

America has the highest incaerceration rate in the world with . incarcerated in 2023

Problems & Solutions

1.6 million

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(Ly, 2023)

Current Education Programs

Vocational Training (CTE)

Career and technical education (CTE) progrms, often reffered to as Vocational programs are designed to help individuals develop specific hands-on skills for various trade jobs (Davis et al., 2013). They prepare participants for potential opportunities in the workforce. By doing so, these programs support successful employment and reintegration into society (Nur and Nguyen, 2023).

Effect on Recidvism

-9.37%

(Stickle and Schuster, 2023)

GED programs assist incarcerated individuals in earning a high school equivalency diploma. Participants undergo standardized testing in reading, writing, mathematics, science, and social studies to ensure competency. GEDs enhance individuals' educational resumes and job prospects upon release (Nuttal et al., 2003)

Generlized Education Development (GED)

Effect on Recidvism

-7.17%

(Stickle and Schuster, 2023)

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Effect on Recidvism

ABE programs are aimed at helping individuals reading below the ninth-grade level. Once they complete ABE, they usually advance to secondary education, like the GED. Most U.S. prisons have organized systems to support this progression (Cho and Tyler, 2013)

Adult Basic Education (ABE)

-6.30%

(Stickle and Schuster, 2023)

What do these numbers mean?

76

On average... CTE, GED & ABE programs reduced recidivism by -7.61% Meaning... Out of 1000 reintegrated indivduals, only 76 will be repeat offenders

924

(Stickle and Schuster, 2023)

RNR Principles

how do they apply

What is the RNR Model?

The Risk-Need-Responsivity (RNR) model is a criminal justice framework designed to assist rehabilitation efforts. The model consists of three principles: Risk, Need, and Responsivity. Each principle targets a specific aspect of rehabilitation to ensure the most effective intervention. Implementing RNR principles in rehabilitation programs promotes a tailored approach for each individual undergoing criminal rehabilitation. The RNR model aims to reduce recidivism rates and facilitate the reintegration process (Brooks et al., 2012).

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Need

RNR Model

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Risk

Respond

RNR principles Applied to Education Programs

1: Risk Principle

3: Respond Principle

2: Need Principle

-Address what educational program meets the needs relevant to the individual - Design educational programs that directly address these needs - Target educational needs that will reduce criminal behaivor risks and encourage pro-social sucess

- Adapt teching methods so they are tailored to the indivdiduals learning style - Have different settings such as hands-on, visual and indepdent learning options - Employ strategies to enhance motivation, such as goal-setting, positive reinforcement, and integrating personal interests into the learning process

- Screen high & low risk individuals - Allocate more intensive educational resources and support to individuals at higher risk of reoffending - provide less intensive education for those at lower risk.

room for improvement

Still...not enough offenders are educated

Education & Employment are among the most common needs for incaercerated individuals (Davis et al., 2013)

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Problems & Solutions

-Davis et al., 2013)

- Better communication and advertisment of programs availble - Consideration of possible mandatory program particpatio - Employers adopt fair chance hiring practices

- Lack of Participation - Unawareness of programs availble - Social stigma - Employment Prejudice

Statistics for Change

Program Partcipation (%)

(Davis e t al., 2013)

Programs Offered in State Correctional Facilities(%)

(Davis e t al., 2013)

Education can break revidivism cycle

67%

of individuals re-offednd within

Effective correctional education programs can improve upon the current statistics and break the cycle for repeat offenders

3 years

(Muda., 2023)

Does this matter?

Take AWays

Who's Benefiting?

Investing in crrectional education prograsm taht are effective is not only in the best interest for reinregtrated indivduasl but for tax payer's dollars and the public's overall safety

Improving correctional education programs must remain a priority to reduce recidivism and benefit everyone

(Davis et al., 2013)

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Promising Future

The evidence-based RNR model, developed over 20 years ago, remains the most effective approach today (Polascheck, 2012)

References

Brooks Holliday, S., Heilbrun, K., & Fretz, R. (2012). Examining improvements in criminogenic needs: The risk reduction potential of a structured re-entry program. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 30(4), 431–447. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.2016 Cho, R. M., & Tyler, J. H. (2013). Does prison-based adult basic education improve postrelease outcomes for male prisoners in Florida? Crime and Delinquency, 59(7), 975–1005. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011128710389588 Davis, L. M., Bozick, R., Steele, J. L., Saunders, J., & Miles, J. N. V. (2013). Evaluating the effectiveness of correctional education: A meta-analysis of programs that provide education to incarcerated adults (1st ed.). RAND Corporation. https://doi.org/10.7249/j.ctt4cgdz5 Ly, L. (2023). Federal policies and mass incarceration in America. Policy Perspectives (Washington, D.C. 1994), 30. https://doi.org/10.4079/pp.v30i0.03 Nur, A. V., & Nguyen, H. (2023). Prison work and vocational programs: A systematic review and analysis of moderators of program success. Justice Quarterly, 40(1), 129–158. https://doi.org/10.1080/07418825.2022.2026451 Nuttall, J., Hollmen, L., & Staley, E. M. (2003). The effect of earning a GED on recidivism rates. Journal of Correctional Education, 54(3), 90–94. Muda, W. H. N. W., Abdullah, N. H. L., Paimin, A. N., Hamid, H., & Yuying, Z. (2023). Employability Challenges Among Recidivists: A Qualitative Study. Journal of Technical Education and Training, 15(4), 154-159. Polaschek, D. L. L. (2012). An appraisal of the risk-need-responsivity (RNR) model of offender rehabilitation and its application in correctional treatment. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 17(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8333.2011.02038.x Stickle, B., & Schuster, S. S. (2023). Are schools in prison worth it? The effects and economic returns of prison education. American Journal of Criminal Justice, 48(6), 1263–1294. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12103-023-09747-3

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