B1+ Upper - Linkers of contrast

LInkers of contrast

Unit 7 - Grammar 2

How can you join these two clauses? Pol's very friendly. Pol doesn't have many friends.

Decide in pairs

There are different ways to do it.

Pol's very friendly. However, he doesn't have many friends.

Even though Pol's very friendly, he doesn't have many friends.

Pol doesn't have many friends, despite being very friendly.

What is a clause?

subject + verb + complement

beginning /middleX clause, clause clause X clause

Although/Even though

Although we worked hard, we finished last.

We finished last even though we worked hard.

We worked hard. However, we finished last.

However

middleclause. X ,clause

Despite working hard, we finished last.

We finished last, in spite of the hard work.

Despite/In spite of

beginning /middle+ing/noun, clause

Despite the fact that we worked hard, we finished last.

We finished last, in spite of the fact that we worked hard.

Despite/In spite of the fact that

beginning /middle+clause , clause

It rained a lot. We enjoyed our holiday.

Even though it rained a lot, we enjoyed our holiday.We enjoyed our holiday although it rained a lot.

Although/Even though

Challenge

It rained a lot. However, we enjoyed our holiday.

However

Join the sentences using the linkers indicated.

In spite of the (heavy) rain, we enjoyed our holiday.

We enjoyed our holiday, in spite of the rain.

In spite of + noun

Despite the fact that it rained a lot, we enjoyed our holiday.

Despite the fact that