Mendel's Laws of Inheritance.pptx
Diego Fernando Guillen
Created on September 21, 2024
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Transcript
An exploration of the fundamental principles of genetic inheritance discovered by the Austrian monk and scientist Gregor Mendel.
MENDEL'S LAWS OF INHERITANCE
- Recessive
- Homozygous
- Heterozygous
- Gene
- Allele
- Dominant
KEY TERMS
- Segregation
- Inheritance
- Diploid Organisms
- Alleles
LAW OF SEGREGATION
- Independent assortment of chromosomesThe chromosomes, and the genes they carry, are distributed randomly and independently to the gametes during meiosis.Probability of allele inheritance
- The probability of inheriting a particular combination of alleles from different genes is the product of the individual probabilities of inheriting each allele.
- Examples of independent assortment -Inheritance of eye color and hair color, or blood type and hair color, are examples of the law of independent assortment.
- Alleles of different genes
- Segregation of alleles
LAW OF INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT
Cystic fibrosis is a recessive genetic disorder. An individual must inherit two recessive alleles, one from each parent, in order to develop the condition. If they inherit only one recessive allele, they will be a carrier but will not display the symptoms of cystic fibrosis.
Example: Cystic Fibrosis
Hair color is a good example of dominant and recessive traits. The allele for brown hair is dominant, while the allele for blonde hair is recessive. If an individual inherits one brown hair allele and one blonde hair allele, their hair color will be brown.
Example: Hair Color
Recessive traits require two recessive alleles to be expressed. If an individual inherits one dominant allele and one recessive allele, the dominant trait will be the one that is expressed, and the recessive trait will not be visible.
Recessive Traits
Dominant traits are expressed even if only one allele is present. This means that if an individual inherits one dominant allele and one recessive allele, the dominant trait will be the one that is expressed.
Dominant Traits
DOMINANT AND RECESSIVE TRAITS
*Based on the information provided in the question.
Individuals with two different alleles for a particular gene.
Heterozygous
Individuals with two identical alleles for a particular gene.
Homozygous
Description
Genotype
HOMOZYGOUS AND HETEROZYGOUS GENOTYPES
A Punnett square is a visual tool used in genetics to predict the possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring based on the parental genotypes. It is a grid-like diagram that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can be inherited from the parents, helping to determine the likelihood of different traits appearing in the offspring.
PUNNETT SQUARE