PPE Everts
Colin Tobin
Created on September 18, 2024
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Personal Protective Equipment
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Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
- Situations when PPE is needed
- Various types of PPE
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OSHA requires the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) to reduce employee exposure to hazards when engineering and administrative controls are not feasible or effective in reducing the exposure to acceptable levels.Many of OSHA's standards, such as Hazard Communications, Bloodborne Pathogens, Electrical, and Permit-Required Confined Spaces, require the use of PPE as it pertains to that particular topic.Employees must understand:
- When PPE is necessary
- What PPE is necessary
- The limitations of the PPE
- How to properly put on, take off, adjust, wear and inspect PPE
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OSHA STANDARD
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FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR PPE
Employers must pay for the protective equipment, including personal protective equipment that is used to comply with OSHA standards.
Employers are only responsible to provide:
- The minimum level of PPE necessary
- Any upgraded PPE needed to meet the requirements
- Replacement PPE for any PPE that is old and worn
Employers are not required to pay for:
- Ordinary safety-toe footwear and ordinary prescription safety eye wear, as long as the employee is allowed to wear these items off the job site.
- Cold weather gear such as bunny boots, overalls, hats, gloves or coats, etc.
- 'Everyday' clothing such as long-sleeve shirts, long pants, street shoes, normal work boots, and other similar types of clothing.
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Eye/FaceProtection
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FootProtection
Body Protection
RespiratoryProtection
Hand Protection
Hearing Protection
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Types of PPE
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Hazard Assessment
- A hazard assessment of each work area must be completed by the employer to determine if hazards exist or are likely to exist.
- Employers must use engineering and work practice controls to eliminate and reduce hazards before using personal protective equipment.
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Steps of Assessing Hazards
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3. Data and information obtained during walk-through should be organized and analyzed to enable proper selection of PPE.Each hazard should be reviewed, and a determination made as to the type, level of risk and seriousness of potential injury from each hazard found. The possibility of multiple hazards occurring simultaneously must be considered also.
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1. A Company Safety Officer should conduct a walk-through of the areas in question to identify sources of hazards. Dangers should be determined by assessing the tasks involved, the employee performing tasks, and/or group of employees.Some hazard categories to keep in mind will include, but are not limited to:
- Impact
- Heat
- Penetration
- Harmful Dust
- Compression
- Light (Optical)
- Radiation
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2. Sources for hazards should be identified and recorded.
- High temperature sources that could result in burns, eye injury, ignition of protective equipment, heat/cold stress, frostbite, etc.
- Sources of Chemical exposure
- Sources of hazardous dust or particulates
- Sources of light radiation such as welding, brazing, cutting, heat treating, lasers, growth lights, etc
- Sources of falling objects or potential for falling objects
- Sources of sharp objects which might pierce the feet or cut the hands
- Sources of rolling or pinching objects which could crush the feet
- Sources of any electrical hazards, and
- Layout of workplace and location of co-workers
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Maintenance and Storage of PPE
PPE must be inspected before each use by the affected employee. Regular cleaning, maintenance, repairs (unless disposable) and replacement of PPE must follow manufacturer’s directions. Maintenance records should be kept for each article of PPE.Store PPE in appropriate storage devices:
- Storage procedures will prevent damage to PPE
- Store separately from street clothes to avoid contamination.
- Store in a ventilated space with plenty of breathing room
- Different levels of PPE should be stored separately
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Hearing PPE
Hand PPE
Body PPE
Foot PPE
Respiratory and Eye/Face PPE
Hand Protection
Some injuries gloves guard against include:
- burns
- bruises
- abrasions
- punctures
- fractures
- chemical exposure
- Cotton gloves - dirt, grease and paint while letting the hands breathe.
- Leather - abrasions, flexibility and better grip.
- Plastic gloves - chemicals, fluids and cuts, as well as providing flexibility and durability.
Eye/Face Protection
Employees who wear prescription lenses must wear protective devices that incorporate the prescription in its design or wears eye protection designed to be worn over the prescription eye wear.Eye protection is provided in many forms for better protection from the different hazards.
- Safety spectacles are made with either metal or plastic frames and are used for moderate impact from particles produced from carpentry, grinding, scaling, etc.
- Goggles protect eyes and the surrounding facial area from impact, dust and splashes
- Welding shields protect the eyes from burns caused by infrared or intense radiant light
Respiratory Protection
Respirators protect the lungs from atmospheres contaminated with harmful dust, fogs, fumes, mists, gases, smokes, sprays or vapors.Respirators should be fit tested before each use.
- Any facial hair that prevents a tight seal must be shaved
- The face piece should seal around the jaw and face
Foot Protection
Some of the features of safety shoes include:
- Impact-resistant toes and heat-resistant soles that protect against falling objects and hot surfaces
- Metal insoles to protect against puncture wounds
- Protection against electrical conduction hazards
Body Protection
Body Protection is designed to avert physical and health hazards from the body.There are many types of body protection:
- Aprons (Battery Shop)
- Coveralls
- Cuts, splashes of hot metal or liquids, impact from tools, materials and machinery, and hazardous chemicals.
Hearing Protection
Excessive noise exposure factors include:
- How loud is the noise as measured in decibels (dBA)?
- What is the duration of exposure to the noise?
- Is noise generated from multiple sources or a single source
- Earmuffs - cover both ears and reduce noise 15-30 dB depending on how they are manufactured and fit.
- Earplugs - insert into the ear and completely block the canal, reducing the noise 15-30 dB depending on manufacture and fit.