SFU-011 - Module 4 (Model answer)
Springpod Team
Created on September 17, 2024
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Transcript
Preparation Task (10 minutes)
Research Task (30 minutes)
Analysis Task (30 minutes)
Create Task (20 minutes)
Hear from a professional in this role to see how they might approach this task.The following pages are a detailed model answer for the work simulation on Care Planning, geared towards a student interested in becoming a Nurse.
Document and Present (15 minutes)
Reflection Task (10 minutes)
Expected Outcome
Model Answer
Simulation
PREPARAtion task
For COPD
For Hypertension
- Increased shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
- Persistent or worsening cough, particularly with mucus production
- Cyanosis (bluish discoloration of lips or extremities)
- Chest pain or tightness
- Fatigue and decreased ability to exercise
- Severe headaches
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
- Blurred vision
- Chest pain or pressure
- Sudden nosebleeds
- Unexplained weight loss or gain
- Excessive thirst and frequent urination (signs of hyperglycemia)
- Fatigue or confusion
- Numbness or tingling in hands and feet (neuropathy)
- Sores or infections that are slow to heal
Warning Signs for Mr. Joe Biggs
Given Mr. Joe Biggs' medical conditions (COPD, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes), the following warning signs should be closely monitored:
For Type 2 Diabetes
Simulation
research task
Disease Understanding and Management
- Management Guidelines: Use bronchodilators, inhaled corticosteroids, and supplemental oxygen. Encourage pulmonary rehabilitation and smoking cessation
- Common Complications: Respiratory infections, lung failure, and heart failure
- Nurse's Role: Monitor respiratory status, manage oxygen therapy, teach inhaler use, and educate about exacerbation prevention
COPD
- Management Guidelines: Administer antihypertensive medications (ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers). Encourage low-sodium diet and regular monitoring of blood pressure
- Common Complications: Heart disease, stroke, and kidney damage
- Nurse's Role: Regular BP monitoring, medication adherence support, lifestyle counselling (diet, exercise)
Hypertension
- Management Guidelines: Use oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin therapy. Emphasise a balanced diet, blood sugar monitoring, and exercise
- Common Complications: Diabetic neuropathy, retinopathy, cardiovascular disease
- Nurse's Role: Monitor blood glucose, provide foot care, educate about diet and medication management, prevent complications, administer insulin as appropriate
Type 2 Diabetes
Simulation
Analysis Task
Analysis Task - Patient's Needs
Healthcare Needs:
- Regular monitoring of blood pressure, blood glucose, and lung function
- Medication management for all chronic conditions
- Diet management to control both hypertension and diabetes
- Oxygen therapy and respiratory care for COPD
Psychosocial Needs:
- Emotional support due to the burden of managing multiple chronic illnesses
- Education on lifestyle changes (smoking cessation, dietary modifications)
- Access to social support and mental health counselling to manage potential anxiety and depression
Challenges
- Ensuring adherence to multiple medications
- Encouraging lifestyle changes (e.g., diet, smoking cessation) which can be difficult for older patients
- Preventing complications from the interplay between diabetes and hypertension
- Managing potential isolation and reduced mobility due to COPD
- Managing a life-limiting illness with no cure
Simulation
Create Task
Physical Care
Comprehensive Care Plan
Pharmacological Symptom Management
Non-Pharmacological Management
Nutrition and Hydration
Involvement of Multidisciplinary Team
Psychosocial Support
Education about Condition
Discharge Planning
Physical Care:
- Administer bronchodilators and antihypertensive medications
- Monitor oxygen saturation levels and provide supplemental oxygen as needed
- Conduct daily blood glucose monitoring and adjust insulin/oral medications as required
Pharmacological Symptom Management:
- COPD: Inhalers (e.g., Albuterol), corticosteroids (e.g., Prednisone), and mucolytics
- Hypertension: ACE inhibitors (e.g., Lisinopril), beta-blockers (e.g., Metoprolol)
- Diabetes: Oral hypoglycemics (e.g., Metformin) or insulin therapy
Non-Pharmacological Management:
- Breathing exercises and pulmonary rehabilitation for COPD
- Encourage smoking cessation and offer counselling/support programmes
- Teach stress-reduction techniques (e.g., mindfulness) to manage hypertension
Nutrition and Hydration:
- Low-sodium, heart-healthy diet to manage hypertension
- Carbohydrate-controlled diet for diabetes, focusing on whole grains, lean proteins, and vegetables
- Ensure adequate hydration, avoiding sugary or high-sodium beverages
Involvement of Multidisciplinary Team:
- COPD Specialist Nurse: For advanced management of COPD
- Endocrinologist/Diabetes Specialist Nurse: For specialised diabetes care
- Dietitian: To design a meal plan addressing hypertension and diabetes
- Respiratory Chest Therapist: For breathing exercises and oxygen management
- Social Worker/Psychologist: For psychosocial support, including mental health counselling
- Physical Therapist: To maintain mobility and strength despite COPD limitations
Psychosocial Support:
- Provide access to mental health resources (e.g., counselling) to address anxiety, depression, and emotional strain
- Engage in support groups for chronic illness management
- Address concerns of social isolation by encouraging community or family engagement
Education about Condition:
- Teach Mr. Biggs about proper inhaler use, medication adherence, and signs of exacerbation (e.g., shortness of breath, chest pain)
- Educate about dietary changes, the importance of blood pressure and glucose monitoring, and foot care
- Encourage self-monitoring of COPD symptoms and lifestyle modifications (smoking cessation)
Discharge Planning:
- Ensure Mr. Biggs understands his medication schedule and follow-up appointments
- Set up home care services if needed for monitoring blood pressure and blood glucose
- Provide clear instructions for emergency signs that require hospital admission (e.g., difficulty breathing, chest pain, confusion)
Simulation
Document and Present
Care Plan Documentation
Mr. Joe Biggs Care Plan Summary:
- Medical Conditions: COPD, Hypertension, Type 2 Diabetes
- Physical Care: Daily monitoring of vital signs, lung function, blood glucose
- Pharmacological Management: Administer bronchodilators, antihypertensives, and oral hypoglycemic agents
- Non-Pharmacological Management: Pulmonary rehab, breathing exercises, smoking cessation support
- Nutrition and Hydration: Low-sodium, carbohydrate-controlled diet, fluid balance
- Multidisciplinary Team: COPD Nurse Specialist, Endocrinologist or Diabetes Nurse Specialist, Dietitian, Respiratory Therapist, Psychologist, Social Worker
- Psychosocial Support: Mental health resources, support groups
- Education: Medication adherence, self-monitoring, dietary changes
- Discharge Plan: Home care setup, clear emergency instructions
Simulation
Reflection Task
Self-Evaluation
Challenges:
- Balancing multiple complex conditions and ensuring integrated care
- Creating a diet plan that simultaneously addresses hypertension and diabetes
- Straightforward Aspects:
- Implementing standard care for each chronic illness (COPD, diabetes, hypertension) based on guidelines
- Recognising the role of the multidisciplinary team
- This exercise deepened my understanding of managing chronic comorbidities and coordinating holistic care
- I gained valuable insights into balancing physical care with psychosocial support, improving patient-centred care